肉種雞經營管理專家系統的開發

Abstract

近年來台灣的養雞產業突飛猛進，已從原來的家族副業轉變成專業經營的企業，因此在競爭益趨激烈的情況下，經營管理成了養雞業者成敗的決定關鍵。目前國內肉種雞場自動化設備的使用已相當普及，但若只有好的硬體設備而沒有完善的管理系統對雞場仍有所不足，因此本研究希望能開發出一套對雞農有實際助益的管理專家系統。 本研究參考實際運作肉種雞場的設備及飼養方式建立專家系統，主要是根據宜蘭礁溪竹林農牧場及Cobb公司艾維茵公母雞飼養管理手冊(Cobb Avian Broiler Management Guide)所提供的資料，將其資料統整並建立知識庫。肉種雞依雞齡可分為育雛期、育成期及產蛋期，每個時期都有不同的管理方式，主要分為餵飼、飲水、光照及風扇等四個項目，本系統依雞齡及環境條件的不同，根據所建立的知識庫決定決策方案，使產蛋效果達到最佳的狀況。 系統程式以Visual Basic 2005撰寫，搭配Microsoft SQL Server 2005資料庫，除了具備管理肉種雞場所需的精準決策外，並能搭配不同的環境因子找出最適合的管理方式，而操作介面也特別考量使用者的方便性，讓想投入雞場工作的新手都能很容易上手。

The poultry industry in Taiwan has been advanced rapidly recently. Several poultry farms have been changed from the conventional family side-line occupation to a professional business, and an elaborate management becomes a key factor for the poultry farmers under such a highly competitive situation. Automatic facilities have been widely used in domestic broiler breeder farms. However, a better managing system is a need for these poultry farms. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop an expert system to help managing broiler breeder poultry farms. Development of the expert system, including database and knowledge base, was based on the facilities and rearing methods used in an existing ppoultry farm – Chulin Agricultural Livestock Co., located in Jiaosi Township of Ilan County, and the information listed in “Cobb Avian Broiler Management Guide”. The rearing period of broiler breeder can be classified as brooding, growing and laying periods, and different management should be applied for each period. There are four items need be considered in management, including feeding, watering, lighting and ventilation. Based on the above knowledge base, this system will issue a decision to achieve the optimal laying efficiency according to the poultry age and ambient conditions. In this study, the main system was coded with Visual Basic 2005 and Microsoft SQL Server 2005. Besides the precise decision making for managing the broiler breeder poultry farm, this system was adaptable to find the optimal strategy for different environmental parameters. Additionally, the user friendly interface was also an important concern when developing the expert system for this study, and this system was easily operated even for an inexperienced staff in the poultry farm.