情色產業單一價格法則之分析研究

Abstract

情色產業的經濟規模可說相當大。業主雇用數百萬人口，並創造可獲利數百萬美金的商業活動。依據國際勞工組織的研究，目前在東南亞各國，女性總人口中就有0.25％到1.5％的女性從事情色産業；國民生產毛額中，有2％∼14％是由性産業所創造。而日本HIV社會免疫學研究班的性行為調查中，以性交易為途徑的比例，男性占10％以上，而30歲以下的年輕人目前更達到15％∼19％之多。德國政府預估，該國國內的從事性交易的婦女約有15萬人。可說情色產業與汽車產業、電腦產業等並列為世界最重大的產業之一。 本研究藉由實地調查、電話訪問調查、訪問熟知內情的人士、網站及專業情報雜誌等方式收集之日本的東京及大阪、泰國的曼谷及清邁、中國澳門、台灣台北、韓國首爾共7個都市、11個不同業種, 共2014家情色店及獨立營業的流鶯之資訊。以各國年平均收入、實際匯率及The Economists、World Back、CIA的PPP值來探討在情色產業，檢驗單一價格法則及其價格離散。過往關於單一價格法則與價格離散之研究皆以實體物資的交易作為取樣對象, 但本研究以性交易作為取樣, 可說是單一價格的法則與價格離散之研究上初次之試驗。 研究結果顯示：(一)情色產業無法適用單一價格之法則。（二）情色產業的價格離散度要比一般民生用品高出很多。（三）若該國政府將情色產業視為違法業種並嚴加取締，價格離散的程度將變低，反之亦然。（四）若該地可從鄉下引入較廉價勞力，其價格便有較便宜的傾向。（五）開發中國家曼谷的價格設定偏低而已開發國家日本的價格偏高。

The economy scale of the porno industry is indeed quite big. The entrepreneurs employ millions of people and create commercial activities with huge profitability. According to the research of international labor organization, of the various southeast Asian countries currently, 0.25% to 1.5 % of the total female population work in the porno industry. In terms of gross national product, 2% to 14% is created by the porno industry. According to the sex behavior survey by Japan's HIV immunology graduate school research, more than 10% of men have contracted HIV via sex trade. As high as 15% to 19% of HIV patients are young people under the age of 30. The German government projects that its female population who work in sex trade amount to about 150,000 people. One can say that the porno industry ranks right next to the automobile industry and the computer industry as the most powerful industries in the world. Through field survey, telephone interview and interviews with people familiar with the industry, information gathering from websites and professional magazines, seven cities including Tokyo and Osaka in Japan, Bangkok and Chiang Mai in Thailand, Macau in China, Taipei in Taiwan and Soul in South Korea are surveyed. 11 different industries, a total of 2014 porno shops and independent street prostitutes are surveyed. One uses the average annual income in various countries, the actual exchange rate and the PPP values of The Economists, World Back and CIA to evaluate the porno industry to investigate its law of one price and the price dispersion level. The past researches regarding the law of one price and price dispersion mostly use commodity trade as samples. However, this research uses sex trade as the sample. It indeed sets a precedent with researches regarding the law of one price and price dispersion. The results show that: (1) the law of one price is not applicable to the porno industry. (2) The price dispersion level of the porno industry is much higher than daily life products. (3) If the government of a given nation treats the porno industry as an illegal business and vigorously prosecutes it, the price dispersion level will go down, and vice versa. (4) If a given territory can imports cheaper labor from the countryside, its prices tend to drop lower. (5) The prices in developing nations such as in Bangkok are relatively lower while the prices in developed countries such as Japan are relatively higher.