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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/4393
標題: | 極性有機化合物被動採樣器、連續式水體監測主動採樣器、與非連續採樣對量測河水中的個人保健用品濃度之比較 A Comparison of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler, Continuous Aquatic Monitoring and Discrete Sampling on Determining Personal Care Products in River Water |
作者: | Yen-Hsiu Chen 陳妍秀 |
指導教授: | 陳家揚(Chia-Yang Chen) |
關鍵字: | 硝化/氧合多環芳香烴,採樣效率,採樣方式,個人保健用品,確效參考化合物, Nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,sampling rates,sampling method,personal care products,performance reference compounds, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 此研究中所調查之個人保健用品(personal care products, PCPs)成份在台灣被大量使用,在過去研究中非連續採樣的河水樣本中曾被量測到;硝化/氧合多環芳香烴(nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, NPAHs and OPAHs)則具有高致突變性與高致癌性,可經由吸附於大氣中懸浮微粒後沉降至環境水體中。
極性有機化合物被動採樣器(polar organic chemical integrative sampler, POCIS)是一利用吸附劑累積待測物數週至數月的被動採樣器。連續式水體監測主動採樣器(continuous low-level aquatic monitoring, C.L.A.M.)使用一般固相萃取膜作為採集媒介,可沉在水體中連續抽取水樣超過24小時的連續採樣器。相較於傳統非連續式水樣採集的樣品只能提供採樣當下的濃度資料,此二種採樣方式皆可提供時間權重平均濃度(time-weighted average, TWA),且能增加待測物濃度高於實驗室偵測極限的機率。 本研究建立極性有機化合物被動採樣器與連續式水體監測主動採樣器的採樣效率校正系統,以評估此13種個人保健用品與5種硝化/氧合多環芳香烴是否適用於此兩種採樣方式。評估結果用於量測基隆河河水各待測物含量,並與非連續採樣結果比較。10種個人保健用品成分可使用極性有機化合物採樣,並可提供半定量數據;另外3種只能提供定性數據;硝化/氧合多環芳香烴則並不適用於極性有機化合物被動採樣。而幾乎所有的化合物皆可被連續式水體監測主動採樣器與非連續採樣取樣分析。在現場採樣結果中,非連續採樣結果與級性有機化合物被動採樣結果與濃度相似;而連續式水體監測主動採樣器,可能因其較大的採樣體積,可量測的化合物相較更多。但經過水量平均後,測得結果會比非連續採樣與被動採樣器較小。 連續式水體監測主動採樣器在河水較髒的情況下運作,容易塞住改良模組中過濾濾紙,造成流速不穩定,進而使採樣片性質改變,造成後續分析困難。此設計需要再經過修正與後續現場測試以適應河川環境變化。 Personal care products (PCPs) investigated are utilized in great quantity in Taiwan and had been detected through discrete samples ubiquitously. Nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) possess high mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, and adsorb to air particulates through atmospheric deposition entering the aquatic environment. Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) is an in-situ continuous passive sampling methods that utilize sorbents to accumulate analytes over weeks to months. Continuous low-level aquatic monitoring (C.L.A.M.) sampler is a submersible continuous sampler that draws water through ordinary solid-phase extraction disk over about 24 hours. Compared to discrete sample that provide information only at the sampling instant, both samplers provide time-weighted average (TWA) concentration of analytes in water, and increase the probability of analyte concentrations to be above the laboratory detection limits. In this study, calibration system was set up to evaluate whether the 13 PCPs and 5 NPAH/OPAHs were suitable for POCIS and C.L.A.M. sampling. These evaluation results were used to determine the concentration of target analytes in Kee-Lung river, and the sampling results were compared with discrete sampling. Ten PCP compounds were suitable for quantitation and three PCPs were only allowed for qualitative results in POCIS; NPAHs/OPAHs were not suitable for POCIS sampling due to their no or low uptake. Almost all analytes can be sampled by C.L.A.M. (except benzophenone) and grab sampling. The results of field deployment showed that the concentrations and detected number of analytes in grabbed were in agreement with those in POCIS samples. C.L.A.M. may detect more analytes due to the larger passed volume of river water, but the detected concentrations were smaller than other two sampling methods after normalization. The filters in C.L.A.M. may be clogged in river environment with large particles and high turbidity, causing unstable flow rate. The extracted disk may be dried and wet repeatedly during the sampling period to make further analysis difficult. The modifications of replacement of original disk to a two-stage filter assembly need further improvements and field deployments to accommodate to river environment. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/4393 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境衛生研究所 |
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