干涉型光纖陀螺儀的研製及其效能探討

Abstract

光纖陀螺儀的操作是基於桑納克效應，可以偵測到極小的角速度，其應用範圍包含慣性導航、姿態航向與水平感測器等。光纖陀螺儀是一個非常敏感的感測器，任何環境的擾動都有可能造成訊號的誤差，因此，雜訊的壓抑對於光纖陀螺儀的發展是非常重要的議題。 在本論文中，我們在實驗室裡建造了一個干涉型光纖陀螺儀，並測試不同架構的陀螺儀之效能。我們的自製光纖陀螺儀可以達到0.1 deg./h (標準差)的穩定性，我們並透過實驗來討論訊號漂移的來源。我們也比較了陀螺儀分別使用單行後向超螢光光纖光源以及複行後向超螢光光纖光源的雜訊表現，我們證實了使用頻寬較大之複行後向超螢光光纖光源的光纖陀螺儀可以有較小的雜訊，其角度隨機遊走係數為0.0015 deg./h^0.5。

A fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) whose operation is based on Sagnac effect can be used to detect very small rotation rate. The applications of FOG include inertial navigation, attitude heading, horizon sensing and so on. The FOG is a very sensitive sensor, and any environmental variations may induce the signal errors. Thus, noise suppression is a very important issue for developing FOG. In this thesis, the buildup of a home-made FOG is reported. We tested the performance of different FOG configurations. Our homemade FOG could achieve a stability of 0.1 deg./h. The causes of drift were verified by the experiments. The noise performance comparison of FOGs using SPB and DPB SFSs was also made, and we demonstrated that the FOG using a DPB SFS could have lower noises owing to its broader bandwidth. The angle random walk (ARW) was measured to be as low as 0.0015 deg./h^0.5.