請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43674
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 吳逸民(Yih-Min Wu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wei-Ting Huang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 黃煒婷 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T02:25:44Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2009-08-20 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2009-08-20 | |
dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2009-08-18 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Allen, R. V. (1978) Automatic earthquake recognition and timing from single traces, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 68, 1521-1532.
Allen, R. M. and H. Kanamori (2003) The potential for earthquake early warning in Southern California, Science, 300, 786-789. Brune, J. N. (1979) Implications of earthquake triggering and rupture propagation for earthquake prediction based on premonitory phenomena, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 2195-2198. Cooper, J.D. (1868) Letter to editor, San Francisco Daily Evening Bulletin, Nov. 3. Davis, G. H. and Reynolds, S. J., 1996. Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions (2nd edition ed.), John Wiley, New York, 200pp. Geiger, L. (1912) Probability method for the determination of earthquake epicenters from the arrival time only, (translated from Geiger’s 1910 German article), Bulletin of St. Louis University, 8, 56-71. Gutenberg, B. (1945) Amplitudes of surface waves and magnitudes of shallow earthquakes, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 35, 3–12. Gutenberg, B. (1945) 'Amplitudes of P, PP, and' S and Magnitude of Shallow Earthquakes/' Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 35:57-69. Hisada, Y, and J. Bielak (2003) A theoretical method for computing near-fault ground motions in layered half-spaces considering static offset due to surface faulting, with a physical interpretation of fling step and rupture directivity, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 93, 1154-1168. Jang-Tian Shieh, Yih-Min Wu, and Richard M. Allen (2008) A comparison of and for magnitude estimation in earthquake early warning. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20301, doi:10.1029/2008GL035611 Kamigaichi, O. (2004) JMA earthquake early warning, Journal of Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering, Vol.4, No.3 (special issue). Kanamori, H. (2005) Real-time seismology and earthquake damage mitigation, Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 33, 195-214. Kilb, D. and Gomberg, J. (1999) The initial subevent of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake: Is earthquake size predictable?, J. Seismol., 3, 409-420. Mori J. and H. Kanamori (1996) Rupture initiations of microearthquakes in the 1995 Ridgecrest, California, sequence, Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 2437-2440. Nakamura, Y. (1988) On the urgent earthquake detection and alarm system (UrEDAS), Proc. Ninth World Conf. Earthq. Eng., 7, 673-678. Odaka, T., K. Ashiya, S. Tsukada, S. Sato, K. Ohtake, and D. Nozaka (2003) A new method of quickly estimating epicentral distance and magnitude from a single seismic record, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 93, 526-532. Olson, E. L., and R. M. Allen (2005) The deterministic nature of earthquake rupture, Nature, 438, 212-215. Richter, C. F. (1935) An instrumental earthquake magnitude scale, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 25, 1-32. Rigby, J. K. (1953) Some transverse stylolites. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 23, p. 265-271. Sambridge, M. (1999) Geophysical inversion with a Neighbourhood Algorithm- I. searching a parameter space. Geophys. J. Int., 138, 479-494. Seth Stein and Michael Wysession (2003) An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure, 402. United States Geological Survey (1998). A plan for implementing a real-time seismic hazard warning system–A report to congress required by public law 105-47. March 27, USA. Wu, Y. M., T. C. Shin, and Y. B. Tsai (1998) Quick and reliable determination of magnitude for seismic early warning, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 88, 1254-1259. Wu, Y. M., J. K. Chung, T. C. Shin, N. C. Hsiao, Y. B. Tsai, W. H. K. Lee, and T. L. Teng (1999) Development of an integrated seismic early warning system in Taiwan- case for Hualien earthquakes, Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 10, 719-736. Wu, Y. M., and T. L. Teng (2002) A virtual sub-network approach to earthquake early warning, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 92, 2008-2018. Wu, Y. M., T. L. Teng, T. C. Shin, and N. C. Hsiao (2003) Relationship between peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and intensity in Taiwan, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am 93, 386-396. Wu, Y. M., and H. Kanamori (2005a) Experiment on onsite early warning method for the Taiwan early warning system, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 95, 347-353. Wu, Y. M., and H. Kanamori (2005b) Rapid Assessment of Damage Potential of Earthquakes in Taiwan from the Beginning of P Waves, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 95, 1181-1185. Wu, Y. M., R. M. Allen, and C. F. Wu (2005). Revised ML determination for crustal earthquakes in Taiwan, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 95, 2517–2524. Wu, Y. M. and L. Zhao (2006) Magnitude estimation using the first three seconds P-wave amplitude in earthquake eearly warning, Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L16312, doi: 10.1029/2006GL026871. Wu, Y. M., H. Y. Yen, L. Zhao, B. S. Huang, and W. T. Liang (2006) Magnitude determination using initial P waves: A single-station approach, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L05306, doi:10.1029/2005GL025395. Wu, Y. M., H. Kanamori, R. Allen, and E. Hauksson (2007). Determination of earthquake early warning parameters, τ c and Pd , for southern California, Geophys. J. Int., 170, 711-717. Wu, Y. M., and H. Kanamori (2008a). Development of an Earthquake Early Warning System Using Real-Time Strong Motion Signals, Sensors, 8, 1-9 Wu, Y. M. and H. Kanamori (2008b) Exploring the feasibility of on-site earthquake early warning using close-in records of the 2007 Noto Hanto earthquake, Earth, Planets and Space 60, 155-160. Wu, Y. M., Chang, C. H., Zhao, L., Teng, T. L., and Nakamura. M. (2008) A Comprehensive Relocation of Earthquakes in Taiwan from 1991 to 2005. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am, 98, 1471-1481. 吳逸民,2006,如何利用地震初達波從事地震預警,自然科學簡訊第十八卷第一期,第8-11 頁。 高弘,2001,使用類神經網路自動判別寬頻地震資料之波相到時,中央氣象局地震技術報告彙編第30卷,第103-120 頁。 蕭乃祺,2007,台灣即時強地動觀測於地震預警之應用,國立中央大學博士論文,共194頁。 顏心儀,2006,利用台灣寬頻地震網從事強震預警研究,國立台灣大學碩士論文,共70頁。 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43674 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 台灣位在環太平洋地震帶上,地震活動頻繁,其中不乏破壞性的大地震。為了降低地震所帶來的災害,發展地震預警系統是一個快速有效的減災方法之一。所謂的地震預警,是在大地震發生後數秒內,利用地震波初期的特徵值,初步推斷地震規模大小及可能的震動強度,並在強震波來襲前發出警告,以降低地震所帶來的損害。由過去的研究(Wu and Zhao, 2006)顯示,由P波到達後3秒垂直分量之最大位移振幅(Pd)可運用於地震預警系統中,由於台灣地區尚未建立適合的Pd衰減關係式。因此,本研究利用台灣寬頻地震網紀錄來建立臺灣地區的Pd衰減關係式。本研究資料選取範圍自2002年至2007年,以深度40公里為分界,對於規模大於4.5,震央距離小於120公里之紀錄,分別探討淺層(深度40公里以內)和深層地震(深度40~100公里)。採用台灣寬頻地震網速度型紀錄,經一次積分成位移紀錄,並利用0.075 Hz高通濾波器去除低頻雜訊後量取Pd值。並參考Wu and Zhao (2006)發表的南加州經驗關係式,求出台灣地區的經驗式。由此經驗衰減式和P波資訊即可於地震發生時快速估計地震規模,達到地震預警之功效。由分析結果,我們得到淺層(1)與深層(2)各自Pd衰減式:
log(Pd)=-2.616+0.774M-1.599log(R) S.D.V.=0.358 (1) log(Pd)=-2.173+0.854M-1.946log(R) S.D.V.=0.355 (2) 從Pd所得規模分析得知,僅利用離震央最近的6個測站,即可得到良好的規模預估值,其標準偏差分別為0.25和0.14針對淺源及深部地震。因此,本研究認為即便測站密度相較其他研究低,利用Pd決定規模依舊可以發揮良好的效益在台灣的地震預警系統中。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Taiwan is located in the circum-Pacific seismic zone where earthquakes occur frequently and large one may induce disaster. Earthquake early warning (EEW) system is one of methods to reduce the seismic hazard. The EEW system is operated after a large earthquake occurrence. The characteristics of initial P waves are used to estimate the possible earthquake magnitude and intensity for the early warning purpose. Before strong motion coming, an EEW system would give an alert to a distant metropolitan region for real-time hazard mitigation. According to the previous studies, the peak displacement of the initial first three seconds after P arrival from the vertical component, Pd is a good parameter for the EEW purpose. Currently, the empirical attenuation relationship of Pd in Taiwan region is not yet be determined. Thus, the broadband and strong motion records from Central Weather Bureau and Academia Sinica, Taiwan were used to determine the Pd attenuation relationship. Totally, 163 and 41 for shallow (focal depth less than 40 km) and deeper events (focal depth large than 40 km) were used, respectively. The Pd attenuation relationships for the shallow (1) and deeper (2) earthquakes are determined as follows:
log(Pd)=-2.616+0.774M-1.599log(R) S.D.V.=0.358 (1) log(Pd)=-2.173+0.854M-1.946log(R) S.D.V.=0.355 (2) According to these relationships, after the hypocenter is determined the earthquake magnitude (MPd) could be estimated using Pd. Using the closest six stations to determine the magnitude the standard deviation of the shallow and deep earthquakes are 0.25 and 0.14, respectively. The uncertainties are reasonable small enough for EEW purpose. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T02:25:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-R96224115-1.pdf: 5082221 bytes, checksum: 53e92d03e3238134ad0ff7123fceae1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 論文口試委員審定書 Ⅰ
誌謝 Ⅱ 中文摘要 Ⅲ Abstract IV 目錄 V 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 何謂地震預警 1 1.2 回顧地震預警系統發展 3 1.3 研究動機與目的 4 1.4 研究內容大綱 6 第二章 地震預警原理及方法 7 2.1 預警模式 7 2.2 預警原理 8 2.2.1 位置估算 8 2.2.2 規模估算 12 第三章 研究資料與方法 15 3.1 地震網簡介 15 3.1.1 臺灣寬頻地震網簡介 15 3.1.2 台灣自由場強地動觀測網(TSMIP)簡介 18 3.1.3 台灣即時強地動地震速報觀測網(RTD)簡介 20 3.2 研究流程 22 3.3 資料的選取、分析與處理 23 3.3.1 儀器資訊與測站分佈 23 3.3.2 資料範圍與判定 32 3.3.2.1 淺源地震及深源地震 33 3.3.3 資料處理與分析 41 3.3.4 Pd方法 44 第四章 研究結果 46 4.1 Pd衰減經驗關係式 46 4.1.1 淺源、深源地震Pd衰減關係式(寬頻) 46 4.1.2 預估規模 51 4.1.3 如何決定事件之預估規模 53 4.1.4 ML與MPd關係圖 56 4.2 淺源地震Pd衰減關係式(寬頻+強地動) 59 4.3 M與MPd關係圖 65 第五章 討論 68 5.1 距離及規模展距影響 68 5.2 M與ML於估算MPd之影響 72 5.3 模擬地震測試分析 76 第六章 結論 90 參考文獻 92 附錄一 96 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 台灣地區Pd衰減關係式之分析及於地震預警之運用 | zh_TW |
dc.title | A Study of Pd Attenuation for Earthquake Early Warning System in Taiwan | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 洪淑蕙(Shu-Huei Hung),龔源成(Yuan-Cheng Gung),蕭乃祺(Nai-Chi Hsiao) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 地震預警,規模,地震,P波預警方法, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Earthquake Early Warning,magnitude,earthquake,P-wave warning approach, | en |
dc.relation.page | 100 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2009-08-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 地質科學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 地質科學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-98-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 4.96 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。