次世代汽車電子系統之發展

Abstract

隨著電子製造技術的快速發展與進步，汽車電子這塊領域也逐漸的受到重視，由於人們對駕駛的安全性與舒適性的要求，愈來愈多的電子元件被裝置在汽車上。因應汽車電子廣泛的應用領域，本篇論文針對次世代汽車電子系統加以探討。首先，建立完整的電子液壓剎車單元(EHB)的數學模型與設計強韌的ABS控制器。模擬結果顯示，EHB模型與ABS控制器提供了平順的剎車響應與高性能。其次，許多車輛控制系統需要使用慣性量測單元(IMU)量測系統動態(如加速度與角速率等信號)，根據射頻收發機的概念，開發了具頻率可調整的凹口濾波器，用來濾除HG1700 IMU隨環境變化的抖動干擾問題，並獲得好的信號品質。在車用感測器開發部份，根據CMOS元件與溫度成正比的特性，我們設計了具低成本的溫度感測器，可應用於車內環境控制系統、引擎進氣溫度量測等應用，溫度量測範圍從20 到120 ，該溫度感測器可提供95%的線性度與2.3 的高敏感度。另外，車上裝設愈來愈多的電子元件，包含電子控制單元、致動器、感測器等。為整合車內許許多多的電子系統，並有效進行車內信息的交換與溝通，本文提出以FlexRay為基礎的分散式控制系統，來解決此一問題，同時透過輪胎滑差分散式控制系統來整合論文中所發展的各項車輛電子相關議題。

Changes in electronic technology take place rapidly. Recently, there has been increasing interest in automotive electronics. The trend is towards comfort and safety. There are many applications in automotive electronics, but we emphasize the following research topics. We first develop the complete model for an electro-hydraulic brake (EHB) unit and design a robust ABS controller. According to the simulation results, the EHB model and ABS controller work together to create smooth brake behavior and good performance. Secondly, based on the principle of the radio-frequency homodyne transceiver, a frequency-tunable notch filter is designed to handle the dithering problem of the HG1700 IMU and achieve good signal conditioning. The IMU can be employed to measure angular rates and accelerations for vehicle dynamics. The third research topic is temperature sensor design, which has several applications in automotive electronics, such as in the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The CMOS PTAT principle is adopted to reach cost efficiency. The results show that the designed chip can achieve linearity up to 95% with sensitivity above 2.3 in the range of 20 to 120 . Finally, a FlexRay-based distributed control system is proposed to achieve in-vehicle data fusion and system integration. A demonstration for a wheel slip control system distributed over FlexRay is conducted for the seamless integration of the research topics here.