功能性磁振造影在賽局及偏好理論的應用

Abstract

利用功能性磁振造影（Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 簡稱為fMRI），可以找到人的思考過程和使用的腦部區域之間的對應關係。將這樣的技術應用在經濟學的研究中，可以找到人類在解決經濟問題時，所對應到的腦部反應，也可以由腦部反應的結果，對經濟學理論提出新的想法。本篇論文的第一部分，是利用功能性磁振造影的技術，找出解決優勢可解賽局和協調賽局，所對應到的不同腦部反應。而第二部份，則專注於人類的偏好行為受到不相關的選項所影響，違反不相關事件的獨立性（Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives，常簡寫為 IIA）的假設。希望可以利用偏好發生改變時的腦部反應，讓我們更了解人類違反不相關事件的獨立性的原因。

By functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), scientists can find the correlation between brain activities and the correspondent deliberation process. This technology is also very useful in economic research. It could help economists not only to identify the brain activities corresponding to human’s behavior but also to propose new ideas based on the brain activities. In the first part of this study, we use fMRI to distinguish the difference in the brain when people face dominance-solvable games and coordination games. In the second part, we turn our attention to the violation of Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives (IIA). By using fMRI, we may find the relation between preference reversal and the correspondent brain regions. Further more, we may propose new preference theory with the evidence in the brain.