產業相關性與策略聯盟間的知識流

Abstract

這篇文章主要在探討產業相關性對策略聯盟間知識流的影響。我們首先根據現有文獻，依組成聯盟的動機、好處及成本等方面，比較同業聯盟與異業聯盟哪種聯盟方式較具有優勢，最後發現同業聯盟在許多方面都較異業聯盟為佳。 2006年時，Gomes-Casseres等人說明無論是同業聯盟或是異業聯盟都有助於知識流的產生，我們在此檢驗了知識流的強度，發現同業聯盟間的知識流較異業聯盟間的知識流為強，此與Gomes-Casseres等人的研究結果一致。我們進一步檢測知識流的績效表現，發現從異業聯盟夥伴得到的知識流對公司未來發展有顯著的貢獻，然而同業聯盟知識流的部分卻無統計上的顯著性。此外，研究結果也顯示公司的科技程度及結盟方式會影響知識流的強度及表現，而同國聯盟在知識流的強度及貢獻方面，都較跨國聯盟的表現優異。

This article mainly explores the impact of industry relatedness on knowledge flows within alliances. We first compare the advantage of horizontal alliances and non-horizontal alliances from the aspects of the incentives, benefits and cost of forming alliances based on existing literatures. We find that horizontal alliances could derive more benefits than non-horizontal alliances in most of parts. In 2006, Gomes-Casseres et al. illustrate alliances do promote knowledge flows no matter alliances are horizontal or non-horizontal. When examining the strength of knowledge flows in our paper, the results show that knowledge flows within horizontal alliances are larger than that within non-horizontal alliances and it is consistent with the previous results. We further investigate the performance of knowledge flows. We discover that the acquired knowledge flows from non-horizontal alliance partners contribute significantly to the future development of firms; however, there is no statistic significance in horizontal alliance sample. Besides, results suggest that high-tech level of company and agreement types of alliances will influence the strength and contribution of knowledge flows within alliances. Same-country alliances have better outcomes than cross-border alliances in strength and performance of knowledge flows sections.