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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳俊維(Chun-Wei Chen) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Jeong-Yuan Hwang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃炯源 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T00:32:57Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2009-01-20 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2009-01-20 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2008 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2009-01-13 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/41818 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 此論文主要探討奈米碳複合材料中的界面科學現象，其中包含兩種複合材料。
第一部份為單壁奈米碳管與共軛高分子複合材料。我們利用高分子作為分散劑以分散單壁碳管在有機溶劑中，發現高分子分子結構與溶劑種類對單壁碳管的分散性有很大的影響，研究顯示特定的高分子與有機溶劑組合，可以選擇性分散具有特定結構或半徑的單壁碳管。此外，激發光譜也顯示在高分子與碳管間有能量轉移的現象。 第二種複合材料為白金與多孔碳，以期用在燃料電池的應用上。實驗發現利用離子交換法可以得到均勻的奈米白金顆粒（2至3奈米），而白金總承載量則與白金鹽類和碳材料表面的電位有很大的相關性。界面電位分析顯示，在碳材料表面官能基整體表現的零電位點若越低，表示表面越傾向負電，則對使用具帶正電的白金錯合物鹽類，離子交換法成效越好。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | In this work, two nano carbon composites have been prepared and characterized. Conjugated polymers were used as dispersing agents for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) solutions in organic solvents. It is found that the dispersion results of nanotubes are affected greatly by the polymer structure and solvent. With more flexible polymer backbone structure, more nanotube species can be observed by photoluminescence. That is, less selectivity this polymer behaves. Among three solvents we investigated, chloroform though gave the highest solubility, the evidences show that most of dispersed nanotubes remain bundles, which is unwanted. THF gave the second highest and toluene the lowest. However, the low solubility enhances the chance of selectivity. A strong chiral angle preference in favor of armchair structure has been observed in PFO/toluene solutions and diameter preference around 1.05 nm is obtained when PFO is replaced with PFO-BT. These results suggest the possibility for bulk purification of SWCNTs by using designated polymer/solvent combinations.
The second composite, carbon-supported platinum (Pt) is aiming for fuel cell applications, in which the carbon materials were fabricated by polymer blend method and Pt nanoparticles were loaded with ion-exchange technique. Porous properties of carbon supports are found to be dependent on the carbonization conditions and mixed-polymers’ ration and a carbon support with mesoporous structure and surface area up to 441 m2/g is obtained; the dispersion and loading amount of deposited Pt are related to the Pt precursors and the surface acidity of carbon supports. An uniform particle size distribution around 2~4 nm and a loading amount of 16 wt% with exchange efficiency as high as 82% were achieved by this method, which is of sufficient requirements for fuel cells. Besides, the zeta potential curve can also be used to monitor the suitable pH region for ion-exchange reactions and to predict the loading amount of catalyst. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T00:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-97-F92527038-1.pdf: 22678395 bytes, checksum: fc0f121a6806181e50eeab33f7251809 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書………………………………………………………………………
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………………i 摘要……………………………………………………………………………………ii Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………iii Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………….iv Figures………………………………………………………………………………viii Tables………………………………………………………………………..xiv Chapter 1 Introduction………………………………………………………………….1 1.1 Preface…………………………………………………………………………...1 1.2 Size and Surface Effects………………………………………………………2 1.3 Carbon Materials…………………………………………………...............3 1.4 Nano Carbon Composites……………………………………………………..4 1.5 Scope of the Thesis………………………………………………………………5 Reference…………………………………………………………………………..6 Part 1: Composites of Conjugated Polymers and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Chapter 2 Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and their Dispersion using Conjugated Polymer…………………….………………………………………………11 2.1 Geometrical Structure of Carbon Nanotubes……………………………11 2.1.1 Chiral Vector: Ch...........................................................................12 2.1.2 Translational Vector: T………………………………………………….13 2.1.3 Classification of SWCNTs………………………………………………...15 2.2 Reciprocal Lattice Vector for Carbon Nanotube…………………………..15 2.3 Tight-Binding Approximation for 2-D Graphite……………………………17 2.4 Zone Folding of Energy Dispersion Relations………………………………19 2.5 Band Structures & Density of States of Carbon Nanotubes………………21 2.5.1 Band Structures……………………………………………………………21 2.5.2 Density of States…………………………………………………………22 2.5.3 Allowed Interband Transitions…………………………………………….24 2.6 Kataura Plot…………………………………………………………………….24 2.6.1 Kataura Plot………………………………………………………………24 2.6.2 Trigonal Warping Effects………………………………………………….25 2.6.3 Empirical Kataura Plot……………………………………………………27 2.6.4 Structure Assignment using Photoluminescence Spectroscopy.......27 2.7 Dispersion of SWCNTs using Conjugated Polymers………………………28 2.8 Separation of SWCNTs…………………………..…………………………….29 2.8.1 Selective Destruction………………………………………………………29 2.8.2 Density Graduent Ultracentrifugation (DGU)…………………………..30 2.8.3 Selective Chemistry………………………………………………………30 2.8.4 Selective Growth…………………………………………………………31 2.9 Interactions between Conjugated Polymers and SWCNTs………………31 2.9.1 π-π Interaction……………………………………………………………..31 2.9.2 Charge Separation and Exciton Transfer……………………………….32 2.9.3 Energy Transfer……………………………………………………………34 2.9.3.1 Radiative Energy Transfer………………………………………….34 2.9.3.2 Non-Radiative Energy Tranfer……………………………………34 Reference……………………………………………………………................37 Chapter 3 Selective Dispersion of SWCNTs using Aromatic Polymers………43 3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………43 3.2 Experimental……………………………………………………………………44 3.3 Results…………………………………………………………………………45 3.4 Discussions……………………………………………………………………51 3.5 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………55 Reference…………………………………………………………..…………….55 Chapter 4 Polymer Structure and Solvent Effects on the Selective Dispersion of SWCNTs……………………………………………………………………………...59 4.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………59 4.2 Experimental…………………………………………………………………60 4.3 Results………………………………………………………………………….61 4.4 Discussions…………………………………………………………………….67 4.5 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………77 Reference…………………………………………………………………………..78 Chapter 5 Energy Transfer from Conjugated Polymers to SWCNTs……………81 5.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….81 5.2 Experimental…………………………………………………………………82 5.3 Results……………………………………………………………………….82 5.4 Discussions……………………………………………………………………87 5.5 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………..90 Reference…………………………………………………………………………..90 Part 2: Carbon-Supported Platinum Catalysts for Fuel Cell Applications Chapter 6 Porous Activated Carbons and Their Applications for Fuel Cells…………………………….…………………………………………………….95 6.1 Porous Activated Carbons……………………………………………………..95 6.2 Structure of Porosity……………………………………………………………96 6.3 Electrochemical Properties of Activated Carbons…………………………98 6.3.1 Electrochemical Reversibility……………………………………………99 6.3.2 Double Layer Capacitance………………………………………………..100 6.4 Catalyst Supports……………………………………………………………..102 6.5 Deposition of Catalysts on Carbon Blacks…………………………………104 6.5.1 Sputtering…………………………………………………………………104 6.5.2 Impregnation……………………………………………………………106 6.5.3 Ion-Exchange…………………………………………………………….106 6.6 Introduction of Fuel Cells…………………………………………………108 6.6.1 Low-Temperature Fuel Cells……………………………………………..108 6.6.2 Designation and Challenges of PEM-based Fuel Cells………………110 Reference…………………………………………………………………..112 Chapter 7 Mesoporous Active Carbon Dispersed with Ultra-fine Platinum Nanoparticles and their Electrochemical Properties……………………………115 7.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………115 7.2 Experimental………………………………………………………………….117 7.2.1 Preparation of Active CArbon……………………………………………117 7.2.2 Functionalization of Carbon Supports…………………………………..117 7.2.3 Ion-Exchange Process……………………………………………………118 7.2.4 Analyses of Surface Area and Pore Distribution………………………118 7.2.5 Demonstration of Electrochemical Properties…………………………118 7.2.6 Characterization of Carbon-Supported Pt……………………………119 7.3 Results and Discussions……………………………………………………….119 7.3.1 Surface Area and Pore Structure…………………………………………119 7.3.2 Electrochemical Properties………………………………………………122 7.3.3 Ion-Exchange…………………………………………………………….124 7.4 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………...127 Reference……………………………………………………………………….127 Chapter 8 The Effect of Surface Acidity on the Ion-Exchange Capacity for Carbon-supported Platinum—monitoring using IEP and PZC……………………………………………………………………………………129 8.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………...129 8.2 Experimental………………………………………………………………..131 8.2.1 Materials……………………………………………………………….131 8.2.2 Oxidation of Carbon Supports…………………………………………..131 8.2.3 Ion-Exchange ……………………………………………………………132 8.2.4 Charaterization of Pt/C Catalysts……………………………………….132 8.2.5 Surface Acidity…………………………………………………………132 8.3 Results and Discussions………………………………………………………133 8.3.1 Effects of Pt precursors and Solution pH………………………….133 8.3.2 Effects of Carbon Materials and Oxidation Modifications………..137 8.3.2 IEP vs. PZC…………………………………………………………..140 8.4 Conclusions…………………………………………………………….142 Reference………………………………………………………………………142 Chapter 9 Concluding Remarks……………………………....................145 Appendix ……………………………................................................149 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 能量轉移 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 單壁奈米碳管 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 發光高分子 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 離子交換法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 白金碳催化劑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | ion exchange | en |
| dc.subject | energy transfer | en |
| dc.subject | photoluminescence | en |
| dc.subject | zeta potential | en |
| dc.subject | Single-walled carbon nanotubes | en |
| dc.subject | light-emitted polymer | en |
| dc.subject | carbon-supported platinum catalyst | en |
| dc.title | 奈米碳複合材料的表面作用力 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Surface Interactions in Nano-Carbon Hybrid Materials | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 97-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 陳貴賢(Kuei-Hsien Chen),林麗瓊(Li-Chyong Chen) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳永芳,廖文彬,劉如熹,黃國柱(Kuo-Chu Hwang) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 單壁奈米碳管,發光高分子,離子交換法,白金碳催化劑,能量轉移, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Single-walled carbon nanotubes,light-emitted polymer,carbon-supported platinum catalyst,ion exchange,zeta potential,photoluminescence,energy transfer, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 158 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2009-01-14 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 材料科學與工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 材料科學與工程學系 | |
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