資訊科技對銀行競爭優勢之研究-以C銀行為例

Abstract

中文摘要 從企業管理者的角度來看，銀行業資訊科技方面的投資往往動輒占每年度資本支出相當大宗的比例，而銀行的資訊設備從應用系統軟體、電腦硬體、系統軟體、各類小、中、大型主機甚至網路設備及網路，每一項都是銀行最珍貴的資訊資產。 傳統的企業經營觀念長期以來認為資訊科技支出為銀行費用的項目，殊不知這個長期以來的觀念其實有其謬誤之所在。資訊設備其實應該是銀行眾多資產之中最珍貴的主要資產才是，經由『人』做為這些資訊設備的核心操控者，將『人』立於最上位階，將資訊設備立於次位階，兩者相輔相成又彼此相互呼應來創造出企業之最大價值。 了解資訊設備與系統的真義之後，資訊設備將不再屬於傳統的耗材設備，對銀行而言資訊設備早已進化為銀行的主要生財器具，因此資訊科技無論在軟硬體或是資訊環境各方面的發展，將牽動著銀行從業人員的作業行為及客戶的使用習慣，也帶動著整體銀行產業的發展趨勢。換言之，金融資訊科技的發展歷程，儼然是一部銀行產業革命的發展史一般，從早期IBM-S370、OMRON自動提款機(ATM)、SWIFT、MICR、Credit Card、IC Card、EDI、到Windows平台等，其實銀行業務的發展，均根植於資訊科技的演變，先有資訊科技的進步，而後在銀行及消費電子雙方面的推介之下人類的金融使用行為出現變化，自此多面向的資訊科技進步將使人類的生活型態全然不同。 這樣的演進與變化，到底對銀行是正面或是負面的影響，難到銀行在此情況之下將由資訊科技領導銀行發展而不能由人為掌控而照單全收嗎？本研究將以『資訊科技與銀行競爭優勢』為議題進行探討，利用水平與垂直分析方式找出兩者之間的相關性，希望對銀行產業的發展做出具體之貢獻。

英文摘要 A Research on Information Technology Advantage to the Competitiveness in Banking Industry (Case Study：C Bank) After understanding what it really means to the competitiveness of banking business, you will see that information technology hardware/software infrastructure is not just some money cost equipments with their captital value degrading year by year. IT infrastructure has become a vital tool to help banks earn money and succeed in today's highly competitive business environment. The progress and development of banking information technology changes the way how banks do business and provide services to their customers, and how people interact with banks as well. That is, information technology is leading the trend of the whole banking industry. Looking back at the development and application of information technology in banking industry, it was just like a history that told us how the banking industry grown and developed. Technologies, from the early IBM S360/370, OMROM ATM, SWIFT, MICR, Credit Card, IC Card, EDI, to the latest Windows platform solutions, have played important roles in different stages in the business development of the banking industry. Progress and new invention of information technology has changed and helped how financial transactions can operate more efficiently and accurately. It has even affected our life style in a new way in this digital era. Regarding these kinds of evolution, is it positive or negative to banking? While bank adopts any new IT technologies, human is still the most important factor of project's success or failure. By reviewing current operation processes and businesses strategies, IT managers should be able to position the new IT technology to the right place, and create the largest benefit to banking. This is trying to discuss the topic of 'How IT technology makes effects on the competition in banking', and to find out the relationship by the method of vertical and horizontal analysis. Hope that it could provide some contributions to the development of banking.