山岳隧道工程保險策略之研究

Abstract

公路建設為國家經濟發展之命脈，對於促進經濟成長及提升國家競爭力有莫大的貢獻，隨著經濟成長及國民所得之增加，民眾對於行旅與環境品質的要求提高，而產業經濟對於人、貨、原物料及成品等之行動效率及成本降低之要求亦隨之強烈。行政院經濟建設委員會規劃之新世紀第三期國家建設計畫(民國98至101年四年計畫)-公共建設項下之「愛台12建設」中亦將「持續推動高快速公路相關建設，辦理交流道及連絡道路改善計畫，強化高快速公路與地區道路整合」納為重要措施之一。 臺灣地區地狹人稠，土地資源有限，為了有效利用空間，並具體落實環境與生態保護理念，興建或規畫中之國家工程建設均含有相當高比例之隧道工程。 國內大型公共工程普遍使用營造綜合保險來移轉部分工程財務風險，近年來已有不少探討隧道工程保險費率及自負額之研究，惟直接影響保險效益之附加(特約)條款則較少著墨，故有其深入了解之必要。 本研究旨在探討國道隧道工程所使用營造綜合財物損失之附加(特約)條款，並進行彙整及分析，同時藉由文獻回顧及國道工程保險規定之整理，釐清可能衍生之問題，最後整合專家深度訪談建議，研擬相關可能之解決對策。 本研究成果有以下三點： 1.彙整國道工程保險制度演進過程及現行制度可能衍生問題。 2.分析探討附加(特約)條款之重要內容與其影響。 3.分析現行制度修訂、業主主控保險計畫及風險自留之三種可能選擇，提供未來國道工程保險規畫之方向及選擇。

Due to the mountainous nature and high population density for most of Taiwan, there is a need for most larger-scale highway construction projects to minimize space usage in order to ensure environmental preservation. As a result, mountain tunnels tend to make up a significant portion of most highway construction projects. Most of the larger scale public construction projects in Taiwan tend to utilize CAR (Contractor’s All Risk) insurance policies to partially mitigate risks of potential financial loss. There have been several recent studies on tunnel construction insurance policy rates and deductibles, however, fewer studies have been conducted on the additional (special) coverage clauses that directly impact insurer’s interest. This thesis focuses on the additional (special) coverage clauses in the CAR insurance policies for mountain tunnel construction projects. Through the collection and analysis of various CAR insurance policies and government regulations regarding this subject, this study intends to summarize and generalize all potential issues with the additional coverage clauses. Subsequently, this study consolidate recommendations from industry experts (through in-depth interviews) to determine potential solutions to these issues. This thesis provides insights to the following: 1.The evolution of insurance policies for Taiwan highway construction projects and a summary of all potential issues from the insurance policies. 2.A breakdown of the key additional (special) coverage clauses and their impacts. 3.Compare and contrast the pros and cons for the three possible alternatives for current highway construction contractors: (1) revision of current policy and regulations, (2) Owner Controlled Insurance Program, or (3) no insurance coverage.