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標題: | 生命週期衝擊評估之客觀權重方法 The Objective Weighting Method of Life Cycle Impact Assessment |
作者: | Chien-Chung Huang 黃建中 |
指導教授: | 馬鴻文 |
關鍵字: | 生命週期評估,多屬性決策方法,綠色供應鏈,權重, weighting methods,Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM),green supply chain (GSC),life cycle assessment (LCA), |
出版年 : | 2005 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 生命週期評估可以考量某一特定產品的所有階段與所有面向的環境衝擊,因此對於環境化設計而言,這是一項重要的工具。儘管生命週期評估被廣泛的應用,但是,仍有許多不足之處亟待改善。其中一項,就是生命週期評估的權重過程,仍然無法有標準化的步驟。過去所常用的權重評價方法,多半偏向主觀認定,不僅必須費時費力的進行問卷調查,不同的生命週期評估案例間也因為給定權重的受訪者不同,得到的權重也不同,造成案例間進行比較的困難。
為了解決這個問題,本研究設計了一套客觀獲取權重的方法—「環境指標基準加權法」(additive weighting method based on environmental indicators, AWBEI)。透過因子分析與多屬性決策當中的簡單加權法,將環境指標數值簡化成權重,以客觀的權重,代替原先國外專家設定的主觀權重,並藉此凸顯空間差異性。從概念上而言,就是由製造某產品所產生的相同環境負荷,在不同的環境現況下,將會有不同意義的環境衝擊。 本研究同時也進行了兩個案例研究,一個是國內咖啡機的生產,另一個是LCD綠色供應鏈的全球佈局,不僅說明了這套權重方法能應用在生命週期評估的本土化,更能應用於供應鏈的國際佈局,同時也說明的這套新架構的可行性、實用價值以及適用時機。 Life cycle assessment (LCA), the powerful environmental management tool of design for environment (DfE), could consider all stages and aspects of a specific product. Although LCA is widely recognized in environmental management, there are still some shortcomings that need to be overcome. The weighting process, the step couldn’t be standardize, is one of the shortcomings. In the past, the weighting process is usually implemented with subject methodologies. However, the subject weights couldn’t be used in different cases and the process of getting subject weights are not transparent. The goal of this paper is to improve the valuation stage in LCA by combining the LCA with the environmental indicator system through factor analysis and sample additive weighting method. The new weighting method, “additive weighting method based on environmental indicators, AWBEI”, is expected to increase the objectivity and reflect spatial variability to enhance the reliability of the assessment results. There are two case studies in the paper. One is the production of coffee machine in Taiwan, and the other is the global allocation of green supply chain on LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). These two cases illustrated the processes, the applications, even the limitations of AWBEI. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/39274 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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