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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 黃天偉(Tian-Wei Huang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wei-Chien Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳瑋阡 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T16:49:26Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2006-07-04 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-04 | |
dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2005-06-24 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] 3GPP, “UE Radio Transmission and Reception (FDD) (Release 1999),” Technical Specification 25.101, vol.3.6.0, March 2001.
[2] 3GPP, “Terminal Conformance Specification; Radio Transmission and Reception (FDD) (Release 1999),” Technical Specification 34.121, vol. 3.4.0, March 2001. [3] A. Nordbotten, 'LMDS Systems and their application,' IEEE Communication Magazine, pp. 150-154, June 2000. [4] D. Hayter; K. Yard, “40 GHZ MVDS parameters and planning standards [multipoint video distribution systems]; MVDS: The Way Forward, IEE Colloquium on, 7 Apr 1992 Page(s):2/1 - 2/6 [5] MPT1550 “Performance Specification for Analogue Multipoint Video Distribution Systems (MVDS) Transmitters and Transmit Antenna Operating in the Frequency Band 40.5 - 42.5 GHz” September 1993 [6] “Multipoint Video Distribution Systems: Report of the 40 GHz MVDS Working Group” Radio communications Agency, November 1993 [7] Michael J. M., “Spectrum management implications of millimeter wave technology,” 1994 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, pp.631-634. [8] Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR), Anritsu Application Note (11410-00264). [9] W. Xinwei, H. Nakamura, and R. Singh, “ACPR, IM3 and their correlation for PCS CDMA power amplifier,” in 50th ARFTG Dig., Dec. 1997, pp.91-96. [10] A. R. Kaye, K. A. George, and M. J. Eric, “Analysis and compensation of bandpass nonlinearities for communications,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 20, pp.965-972, Oct. 1972. [11] S.W. Chen, W. Panton, and R. Gilmore, “Effects of nonlinear distortion on CDMA communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techniques, vol. 44, pp. 2743–2749, Dec. 1996. [12] Q. Wu, M. Testa, and R. Larkin, “Linear RF power amplifier design for CDMA signals,” in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., 1996, pp.851-854. [13] Q. Wu, M. Testa, and R. Larkin, “On design of linear RF power amplifier for CDMA signals,” Int. J. Microwave Millimeter-Wave Computer-Aided Eng., pp.283-292, Feb.1998. [14] Q. Wu, H. Xiao, and F. Li, “Linear RF power amplifier design for CDMA signals: A spectrum analysis approach.” Microwave J., pp.22-40, Dec.1998. [15] S. J. Yi, S. Nam, S. H. Oh, and J. H. Han, “Prediction of a CDMA output spectrum based on inter-modulation products of two-tone test.” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 938-946, May. 2001. [16] J. S. Ko; J. K. Kim; B. K. Ko; D. B. Cheon; B. H. Park, “Enhanced ACPR technique by class AB in PCS driver amplifier,” VLSI and CAD, 1999. ICVC '99. 6th International Conference on, 26-27, pp. 376 – 379, Oct. 1999. [17] M. Leffel, “Inter-modulation distortion in a multi-signal environment,” RF Design, pp.78-84, Jun. 1995. [18] Pedro, J. C., and N. B. De Carvalho, “On the use of multitone techniques for assessing RF components’ inter-modulation distortion,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 47, No. 12, pp. 2393-2402, Dec. 1999. [19] Carvalho, N. B. and J. C. Pedro, “Multi-tone inter-modulation distortion performance of 3rd order microwave circuits,” IEEE Symposium on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Anaheim, USA, vol. 2, pp. 763-766, Jun. 1999. [20] Carvalho, N. B. and J. C. Pedro, “Compact formulas to relate ACPR and NPR to two-tone IMR and IP3,” Microwave J., pp. 70-84, Dec. 1999. [21] N. Boulejfen, A. Harguem, and F. M. Ghannouchi, “New closed-form expressions for the prediction of multitone inter-modulation distortion in fifth-order nonlinear RF circuits/systems,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 121-132, Jan. 2004. [22] N. Boulejfen, A. Harguem, and F. M. Ghannouchi, “Inter-modulation distortion in fifth-order nonlinear RF circuits/subsystems under multitone excitation,” 33rd European Microwave Conference, pp. 763-766, 2003. [23] Xuejun Zhang, Lawrence E. Larson, Peter M Asbeck, Design of Linear RF Outphasing Power Amplifiers, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2003. [24] Lee Thomas H., The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, Cambridge University Press, 1998. [25] S. C. Cripps, RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1999. [26] S. C. Cripps, Advanced Techniques in RF Power Amplifiers Design. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2002. [27] B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall Publishers, 1998. [28] 張鴻埜 “毫米波反射式調變器之研究及其應用 Research on millimeter-wave reflection-type modulators and their applications” 國立台灣大學電信工程研究所博士論文, 民國93年 [2004]. [29] K. Allen, “Linearization: Reducing Distortion in Power Amplifiers,” IEEE Microwave Magazine, pp. 37-49, Dec. 2001. [30] J. C. Pedro and N. B. Carvalho, Inter-modulation Distortion in Microwave and Wireless Circuits. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2003. [31] P. B. Kenington, High-Linearity RF Amplifier Design. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2000. [32] S. A. Maas, Nonlinear Microwave Circuits. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1988. [33] MAXIM power amplifier MAX2247 data sheet. [34] N. B. Carvalho and J. C. Pedro, “A comprehensive explanation of distortion sideband asymmetries,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 50, pp. 2090–2101, Sept. 2002. [35] A. Soury, E. Ngoya, J. M. Nebus, and T. Reveyrand, “Measurement Based Modeling of Power Amplifiers for Reliable Design of Modern Communication Systems,” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, vol. 2, pp. 795-798, Jun. 2003. [36] M. Eron, E. Martony, Y. Fogel, E. Jeckeln, and M. Hrybenko, “Accurate, Wideband Characterization and Optimization of High Power LDMOS Amplifier Memory Properties,” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, vol. 3, pp. 1729-1732, Jul. 2003. [37] J. F. Sevic, K. L. Burguer, and M. B. Steer, “A novel envelope-termination load–pull methods for ACPR optimization of RF/microwave power amplifiers,” IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Baltimore, MD, 1998, pp. 601–605. [38] H. Ku and S. Kenney, “Behavioral Modeling of RF Power Amplifiers Considering IMD and Spectral Regrowth Asymmetries,” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, vol. 2, pp. 799-802, Jun. 2003. [39] http://www.wisewave-inc.com/ [40] http://www.triquint.com/ [41] R. Pintelon and J. Schoukens, System Identijcation: A Frequency Domain Approach. New York, NY IEEE Press, 2001. [42] W. van Moer, Y. Rolain, and A. Geens, 'Measurement based nonlinear modeling of spectral regrowth,' IEEE MTT-S Inf. Microwave Symp. Dig., pp. 1467-1470, 2000. [43] K. Remley, “Multisine excitation for ACPR measurements,” in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Philadelphia, PA, Jun. 2003 [CD ROM], pp. 2141-2144. [44] P. Yin, “A Simplified Approximation Method for Cascaded System Adjacent and Alternative Channel Power Ratio,” Applied Microwave & Wireless Magazine, pp. 70-76, 2003. [45] Pedro, J. C., N. B. Carvalho, and J. A. Garcia; ' Designing Highly-Linear Microwave Power Amplifiers Based on Large-Signal IMD Sweet-Spots ', Proc Asia Pacific Microwave Conf. - APMC, Delhi, India, CDROM, Dec., 2004. [46] J. Pedro, “Evaluation of MESFET Nonlinear Inter-modulation Distortion Reduction By Channel Doping Control”, IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. MTT-45, pp.1989-1997, Nov. 1997. [47] J. Pedro and J. Perez, “Accurate Simulation of GaAs MESFET's Inter-modulation Distortion Using a New Drain-Source Current Model”, IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. MTT-42, pp.25-33, Jan. 1994 [48] N. Carvalho and J. Pedro, “Large and Small Signal IMD Behavior of Microwave Power Amplifiers”, IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. MTT-47, pp. 2364-2374,Dec. 1999. [49] Carvalho N. B. and J. C. Pedro; ' Large Signal IMD Sweet Spots in Microwave Power Amplifiers ', Proc IEEE International Microwave Theory and Tech. Symp. , Anaheim , United States , Vol. 1 , pp. 517 - 520 , June , 1999 . [50] Winspring Wireless Technologies WS9901 Linear Power Amplifier data sheet. [51] Characterizing Digitally Modulated Signals with CCDF Curves, Agilent Technologies Application Note (5968-6875E). | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/38857 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 雙音頻諧波互調失真比測試在非線性電路上是一種常使用的特性,但是對於現今複雜規格的需求,鄰近通道功率比更能夠代表非線性的特性。然而,費時與高花費的缺點使得直接量測鄰近通道功\\\\率比變得較不吸引人。
因此,本篇論文著眼於多規格寬頻訊號的諧波互調失真比與鄰近通道功率比在微波及毫米波的相關性與應用。以微波頻段而言,3.84MHz與16MHz寬頻訊號對於三階諧波互調失真比與多音頻鄰近通道功率比的相關性分別在1.95 GHz 與2.4 GHz獲得驗證。而這些寬頻訊號相關性的延伸也在44GHz毫米波頻段實現。就三階非線性系統而言,這些在雙音頻與多音頻測試上的量測資料在1dB增益壓縮點以下顯示了約在±1 dB的絕佳一致性。如果我們更近一步考慮到五階(或者更高階)非線性項,諧波互調失真比與多音頻鄰近通道功率比的相關性在大訊號或者甚至在飽和區就會變得更接近。 至於此相關性的應用方面,諧波互調失真的甜美區及我們所謂的鄰近通道功率比甜美區也分別藉由異質接面雙極性電晶體功\\\\率放大器和採用互補性氧化金屬半導體製作而成的前置失真放大器實現在2.4 GHz。從一連串對於改變第一級偏壓與第二級偏壓實驗中,諧波互調失真的甜美區及鄰近通道功率比的甜美區顯現出高度的相關性。當我們面臨到諧波互調失真甜美區及鄰近通道功\\\\率比甜美區的相關性研究時,從機率分布函數獲得的平均函數也被導入在準確地藉由諧波互調失真甜美區預測鄰近通道功率比甜美區。這代表了只要能得到諧波互調失真比與鄰近通道功\\\\率比的相關性,不同的數位調變鄰近通道功率比就可以藉由量測同頻帶且不同的數位調變機率分布函數以及修正其諧波互調失真比來預測。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Two-tone test inter-modulation ratio (IMR) is the common characterization of nonlinear circuits, but adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is closer to represent the nonlinearity in modern complicated standards requirements. However, the time-consuming and high-cost drawbacks of direct measuring ACPR for different modulation types make it less attractive.
Therefore, this thesis describes the correlation and application between IMR and ACPR for multi-standard broadband signals in microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. For microwave frequencies, the verification of third-order IMR (IM3R) and multi-ACPR (M-ACPR) correlation is demonstrated first at 1.95 GHz and 2.4 GHz for 3.84 MHz and 16 MHz broadband signals, respectively. Then, the extension to millimeter-wave frequency at 44 GHz is also implemented for these broadband signals. As for the third-order nonlinear system, these measured data show excellent agreement, within ±1 dB, between two-tone and multi-tone tests up to the P1dB point. It is also discussed that if the fifth-order (or higher orders) nonlinearities is considered, the correlation between IM3R and M-ACPR will be closer in large signal region. As for the application, the implementation of IMD sweet spots and what we called ACPR sweet spots is done by both HBT commercial power amplifier and CMOS pre-distortion power amplifier at 2.4 GHz. A series of experiments reveal high correlated between the adjustment of first and second stage’s bias points for both IMD and ACPR sweet spots. The average function from different PDF is also introduced to correlate the IMD sweet spots and ACPR sweet spots precisely. This reveals that as long as the correlation between IMD products and ACPR can be found, the ACPR with different digital modulated signal can be predicted by measuring its PDF and then modifying IMD products in the same frequency band. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T16:49:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R92942006-1.pdf: 3594446 bytes, checksum: 14afa2f19971c4e4c787d5862d15c55c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Contents
ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Motivation………………………………………………………. 1 1.2 Literature Surve……………………………………………...5 1.3 Thesis Organization………………………………………...7 CHAPTER 2 OVERVIEW OF LINEAR POWER AMPLIFIER 9 2.1 The Role of Power Amplifiers in Modern Communication Systems...................................................9 2.2 Classification of Power Amplifiers................ 10 2.2.1 Linear Power Amplifiers........................... 11 2.2.1.1 Class A ........................................ 12 2.2.1.2 Class B.........................................13 2.2.1.3 Class AB...................................... 14 2.2.1.4 Class C........................................ 15 2.2.2 High Efficiency Power Amplifiers............. 16 2.2.2.1 Class D.................................... 16 2.2.2.2 Class E........................................ 18 2.2.2.3 Class F..................................... 19 2.3 Linearization Techniques of Power Amplifiers.. 20 2.3.1 Feedforward................................... 20 2.3.2 Feedback.......................................... 21 2.3.3 Predistortion.................................. 23 2.4 Summary........................................ 24 CHAPTER 3 NONLINEAR DISTORTION CHARACTERIZATION AND IMD CORRELATION TECHNIQUES 27 3.1 Introduction...................................... 27 3.1.1 System Definition................................. 28 3.2 Nonlinear Distortion Characterization............ 29 3.2.1 One-Tone Tests................................... 30 3.2.1.1 Harmonics.................................... 30 3.2.1.2 AM-AM Characterization...................... 31 3.2.1.3 AM-PM Characterization........................ 33 3.2.2 Two-Tone Tests..................................34 3.2.2.1 IMR Characterization........................... 34 3.2.2.2 IP3 Characterization.......................... 36 3.2.3 Multi-tone and Digital Modulated Signal Tests.. 38 3.2.3.1 ACPR Characterization........................ 39 3.2.3.2 M-IMR Characterization....................... 40 3.2.3.3 NPR Characterization........................... 40 3.3 IMD Correlation Techniques.................... 41 3.3.1 Relationship between IM3R and M-ACPR in Third-Order Nonlinear System................................ 42 3.3.2 Relationship between IM3R and M-ACPR in Fifth-Order Nonlinear System................................ 46 CHAPTER 4 HIGH FREQUENCIES IMD CORRELATION FOR BROADBAND SIGNALS 51 4.1 Introduction...................................... 51 4.2 IMD Correlation Verification in Microwave Frequencies52 4.2.1 System Setup..................................... 52 4.2.2 Device Under Test (DUT) Linearity Characterization 53 4.2.2.1 One-Tone Test (AM-AM) ......................... 53 4.2.2.2 Two-Tone Test (Fundamental, IM3R and IM5R) ... 54 4.2.2.3 Multi-tone and Digital Modulated Signal Test (ACPR).................................................. 57 4.2.3 Two-tone and Multi-tone Test Considerations.... 58 4.2.3.1 Two-tone Test................................ 58 4.2.3.2 Multi-tone Test.............................. 64 4.2.4 IM3R and M-ACPR Correlation Implementation..... 65 4.2.4.1 WCDMA........................................ 67 4.2.4.2 16-QAM........................................ 69 4.2.4.3 Conclusion..................................... 71 4.2.5 Discussion - IM3R and M-ACPR Correlation in Fifth-Order Nonlinear System.......................... 72 4.3 Extension of IMD Correlation to Millimeter-wave Frequencies.......................................... 73 4.3.1 System Setup.................................. 73 4.3.2 Millimeter-wave Measurement Considerations..... 75 4.3.2.1 Power Level Consideration...................... 75 4.3.2.2 Linearity Issue for Mixer and Buffer Amplifier. 76 4.3.3 IM3R and M-ACPR Correlation Implementation..... 77 4.4 Comparison among Calculated, Measured M-ACPR and Measured D-ACPR....................................... 78 4.5 Conclusion..................................... 81 CHAPTER 5 THE APPLICATION OF IMD CORRELATION 83 5.1 Introduction................................... 83 5.2 Small and Large Signal IMD Sweet Spots........ 83 5.2.1 Small IMD Sweet Spots........................ 84 5.2.2 Large IMD Sweet Spots........................ 85 5.2.3 Summary........................................ 85 5.3 Implementation of IMD Sweet Spots.............. 86 5.3.1 Circuit Implementation...................... 86 5.3.2 Measurement Process and Results............. 88 5.3.2.1 System Setup.................................. 88 5.3.2.2 DC Analysis and S-Parameters................ 89 5.3.2.3 Two-tone Test................................ 90 5.3.2.4 Digital Modulated Signal Test (QPSK) .......... 92 5.3.3 Discussion and Summary....................... 94 5.4 IMD Improvement Analysis on Pre-distortion Power Amplifier............................................. 97 5.4.1 System Setup.................................. 97 5.4.2 Pre-distortion Power Amplifier Implementation.. 98 5.4.2.1 Circuit Implementation and Performances........ 98 5.4.2.2 Two-tone Test............................... 102 5.4.2.3 Digital Modulated Signal Test (QPSK).......... 104 5.4.3 Discussion and Summary...................... 106 5.4.4 Comparison between Pre-distortion IMD Improvement and IMD Sweet Spot..................................... 107 5.5 Prediction of Pre-distortion M-ACPR Improvement from IMD Correlation................................... 109 5.5.1 IM3R and M-ACPR Correlation Implementation.... 110 5.6 Discussion – The Addition of PDF Average Function............................................ 114 5.6.1 CCDF, CDF, and PDF............................ 114 5.6.2 Modification Process......................... 117 5.6.3 Results Comparison............................ 119 5.6.4 Summary and Discussion...................... 122 5.7 Conclusion............................... 126 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 127 REFERENCE 130 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 諧波互調失真比與鄰近通道功率比對於寬頻訊號在微波及毫米波的
相關性與應用 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Correlation and Application between IMR and ACPR for Broadband Signals in Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王暉(Huei Wang),洪子聖(Tzyy-Sheng Horng),陳怡然(Yi-Ran Chen),廖信行(Sin-Sing Liao) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 諧波互調失真比,鄰近通道功率比,寬頻訊號,毫米波, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | IMR,ACPR,Broadband Signal,Millimeter-Wave Frequencies, | en |
dc.relation.page | 134 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2005-06-24 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 電機資訊學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 電信工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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