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請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/38568
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor江伯倫(Bor-Luen Chiang)
dc.contributor.authorYao-Hsu Yangen
dc.contributor.author楊曜旭zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-13T16:37:40Z-
dc.date.available2005-07-20
dc.date.copyright2005-07-20
dc.date.issued2005
dc.date.submitted2005-07-06
dc.identifier.citation參考文獻
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/38568-
dc.description.abstract過敏性紫斑症是一種好發於兒童的全身性小血管炎,臨床上以皮膚紫斑、關節腫痛、以及腹部疼痛為主要表現。部份病童有腎臟的侵犯而呈現蛋白尿或是血尿。兒童過敏性紫斑症的病程多屬良性,主要以非類固醇類的消炎藥物治療。少數病童病程反覆延長,或是有嚴重的內臟器官侵犯如腸胃道出血、腎絲球腎炎、腎病症狀群、中樞神經病變等,此時則需要類固醇及其他免疫抑制劑的給予方可將疾病治癒。到目前為止過敏性紫斑症的病因及致病機轉皆還不清楚。臨床統計發現多數病童在發病前一兩個星期左右有上呼吸道感染的病史,而且疾病好發於秋冬季節,因此推論過敏性紫班症可能與感染有著密切的關係。另外,病理切片可發現血管周圍有大量的中性白血球浸潤,以及含IgA的免疫複合體沉積於血管壁上。在疾病的急性期約一半以上的病童其血中IgA免疫球蛋白會明顯的上升,隨著疾病的緩解IgA亦慢慢回復正常。綜合以上現象,目前認為過敏性紫斑症可能是某些病原菌感染之後身體內免疫系統高度活化所引發血管發炎的一種疾病。針對兒童過敏性紫斑症的研究,我們的目標及方向有三;第一部份:建立台灣地區關於此疾病的一些流行病學資料。第二部份:建構一可能的紫斑症致病機轉。第三部份:探究不同基因型與疾病表現之間的相關性。
第一部份,我們從全民健保資料庫中取得從1999年至2002年台灣地區小於17歲罹患過敏性紫斑症兒童的就醫資料,經過分析統計發現此疾病平均年發生率為12.9人/每10萬名小於17歲的兒童(範圍從11.8到13.4人/每10萬名小於17歲的兒童)。40.5%的病童曾經住院接受治療,而他們的平均住院日數為5.1天。大部份的病例發生在3到10歲之間(約佔所有個案數的73.9%),從0到6歲慢慢增加,在5到6歲時達到高峰,7歲以後則逐漸下降。男生個案數略多於女生,男與女的比例約為1.11:1。另外可發現在10歲之前,男生的年發生率於大部份的年齡層皆高於女生的年發生率,相反的,女生的年發生率於高年齡層皆較男生高。兒童過敏性紫斑症整年皆可發生,但是每個月份的個案數是有所差異的。我們的結果顯示病童數從每年的三月開始遞減,到了六、七月最少,從八月開始又慢慢增多,若依季節來分析,過敏性紫斑症好發於秋、冬兩個季節。完成此全國性研究將可提供台灣地區關於兒童過敏性紫斑症的一些基本流行病學資料,對於疾病的了解與後續的相關研究亦有實質的助益。
第二部份的目標是要建立疾病的致病機轉。首先我們根據過敏性紫斑症的流行病學、臨床表現、以及病理切片等特徵提出可能的致病機轉假說:某些病原菌侵入人體後誘發免疫系統高度活化而形成自體抗體,而這些抗體將與血管內皮細胞結合並導致該細胞進一步的傷害。接著,設計各種實驗加以證實或是修正。我們取得兩種人類內皮細胞(臍靜脈內皮細胞與表皮微小血管內皮細胞)為實驗標的細胞。結果顯示不論以螢光免疫法、cell-based酵素免疫法、或是西方印漬法皆可於病童急性期血清中發現IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體,並且於西方印漬法中進一步發現存在於內皮細胞上的可能抗原。另外我們亦發現在疾病急性期血清中的TNF-α會明顯上升,而TNF-α的存在可加強IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體與內皮細胞之間的相互結合。接下來我們需要去釐清到底IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體於過敏性紫斑症中扮演何種角色。由於目前尚無法找出疾病專一的內皮細胞抗原決定部位,而且亦無法純化單株IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體。所以一開始我們先以含IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體的病童血清來進行實驗。結果顯示病童急性期血清具有以下兩種作用:第一,在外加了補體之後此血清可導致部份內皮細胞溶解死亡。第二,與內皮細胞直接作用,可促使細胞分泌大量的IL-8。隨後我們以Immobilized Jacalin commercial kit藉由galactose-binding lectin將病童急性期血清中的IgA1免疫球蛋白分離出來。以這些IgA1球蛋白直接與血管內皮細胞作用,透過MEK/ERK訊息傳遞路徑可導致內皮細胞製造大量的IL-8。而IL-8是一種chemoattractant,也是一種發炎細胞激素具有相當強的能力可將中性白血球吸引致發炎部位並且將這些白血球加以活化。這些結果或許可以解釋過敏性紫斑症病理切片上的發現:血管周圍浸潤著大量的中性白血球。這些活化的中性白血球將可造成血管組織的傷害而形成血管炎。綜合上述研究成果我們可以下一簡短結論:兒童過敏性紫斑症的形成過程中身體會產生IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體,這些抗體並非只是疾病的表徵而且同時具有病理作用;透過不同的機轉可以導致血管內皮細胞及組織進一步的傷害。
第三部份,我們選取了TNF-a及TGF-b兩個細胞激素基因進行「單一核苷酸變異single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP」之研究。TGF-b -509以及TNF-a -308這兩個位置的核苷酸若產生變異將會影響後續細胞激素的製造量。研究結果顯示TGF-b TT基因型出現於病童的機率高於對照組,另外具TT基因型的病童其臨床嚴重度(臨床症狀分數)高於不具TT基因型的病童。在我們的研究中有5位病童具有腎臟器官的侵犯,其中3位具TT基因型,一位具TC基因型,另一位則具CC基因型。關於TNF-a基因多型性研究結果,各種基因型與對偶質出現於病童與對照組的頻率則無明顯差異。我們初步的結果顯示罹患過敏性紫斑症的華人小朋友帶有TGF-b TT基因型的比例明顯高於健康小朋友。而且同樣是罹患過敏性紫斑症,具此基因型者其臨床症狀亦較為嚴重。
完成上述關於兒童過敏性紫斑症的研究讓我們對這個好發於兒童的全身性小血管炎有了更深一層的了解。同時於研究進行的過程中我們也發掘了更多有待解決的問題,譬如與IgA抗血管內皮細胞抗體結合的內皮抗原為何?何種病原菌具有誘發過敏性紫斑症形成的作用?解決這些問題將是我們目前及未來研究的方向及目標。希望透過持續的研究不僅可更透徹的了解兒童過敏性紫斑症,更可達到事先預防與有效治療的最後目標。
zh_TW
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dc.description.tableofcontents目錄
一、 中文摘要 1
二、 緒論 4
三、 研究材料與方法 26
四、 結果 37
五、 討論 46
六、 未來展望 66
七、 論文英文簡述 77
八、 參考文獻 101
九、 圖表 121
十、 附錄 151
dc.language.isozh-TW
dc.title兒童過敏性紫斑症之研究zh_TW
dc.titleStudies of Childhood Henoch-Schönlein Purpuraen
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear93-2
dc.description.degree博士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee王志堯,黃立民,黃璟隆,蔡長佑
dc.subject.keyword兒童,過敏性紫斑症,流行病學,致病機轉,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordchildhood,Henoch-Sch&ouml,nlein Purpura,epidemiology,pathogenesis,en
dc.relation.page150
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2005-07-06
dc.contributor.author-college醫學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept臨床醫學研究所zh_TW
顯示於系所單位:臨床醫學研究所

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