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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 王昭男(Chao-Nan Wang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Cheng-Chang Hsieh | en |
dc.contributor.author | 謝正昌 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T15:43:36Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2008-07-11 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2008-07-11 | |
dc.date.issued | 2008 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2008-07-03 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
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Harris, “Analysis of disc brake noise using a two-degree-of-freedom model”, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 254(5), pp. 837-848, 2002. 8. R. T. Spurr, “A theory of brake squeal”, Proceedings of the Automobile Division, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 1, pp. 33-52, 1961. 9. R. P. Jarvis, B. Mills, “Vibration induced by friction”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 178(32), pp. 847-857, 1963. 10. S.W.E. Earles, “A mechanism of disc-brake squeal”, Technical Report 770181, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1977. 11. S.W.E. Earles, M. Badi, “Oscillatory instabilities generated in a double-pin and disc undamped system: A mechanism of disc-brake squeal”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers C, Vol. 198, pp. 43-49, 1984. 12. S.W.E. Earles, P. W. Chambers, “Disc brake squeal noise generation: predicting its dependency on system parameters including damping”, International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 8, pp. 538-552, 1987. 13. A. Felske, G. Hoppe, H. Matthäi, “Oscillations in squealing disc brakes—analysis of vibration modes by holographic interferometry”, Technical Report 780333, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1978. 14. H. Abendroth, 'Advances in brake NVH test equipment', Automotive Engineering International, Vol. 107(2), pp. 60-63, 1999. 15. Gregory D. Liles, “Analysis of disc brake squeal using finite element methods”, SAE Paper, No. 891150, 1989. 16. Yuan Y., “A study of the effects of negative friction-velocity gradient on brake squeal”, ASME Des. Eng. Tech. Conf., DE-Vol.84-1, Vol. 3(A), pp. 1153-1162, 1995. 17. Yi Dai, Dave Patten and Chandi Biswas, “Pad distributed parameter study for squeal noise reduction”, SAE Paper, No. 012609, 2002. 18. J. Flint, “Instabilities in brake system”, SAE Paper, No. 920432, 1992. 19. Shin-Wei Kung, K. Brent Dunlap and Robert S. Ballinger, “Complex eigenvalue analysis for reducing low frequency brake squeal”, SAE Paper, No. 010444, 2000. 20. 楊焜琅, 煞車碟盤之振動分析, 成功大學機械工程學系暨研究所碩士論文, 1996. 21. H. Ouyang, J. E. Mottershead, D. J. Brookfield and S. James, “A methodology for the determination of dynamic instabilities in a car disc brake”, Int. J. of Vehicle Design, Vol. 23(3/4), pp. 241-262, 2000. 22. Wayne V. Nack, “Brake squeal analysis by finite elements”, Int. J. of Vehicle Design, Vol. 23(3/4), pp. 263-275, 2000. 23. Mario Triches Junior, Samir N. Y. Gerges, Roberto Jordan, “Analysis of brake squeal noise using the finite element method: A parametric study”, Applied Acoustics, Vol. 69(2), pp. 147-162, 2008. 24. Yongbln Yuan, “An eigenvalue analysis approach to brake squeal problem”, Proceeding of the 29th ISATS Conference Automotive Braking Systems, Florence, Italy, 1996. 25. H. Ouyang and J.E. Mottershead, “A bounded region of disc-brake vibration instability”, J. of Vibration and Acoustics, Vol. 123, pp. 543-545, 2001. 26. 卓玉娟, 有限元素法在汽車碟式剎車制動器之分析與應用, 中興大學土木工程學系暨研究所碩士論文, 2004. 27. ANSYS User’s Manual, Swanson Analysis Systems, Inc. 28. Huajiang Ouyang, Wayne Nack, Yongbin Yuan and Frank Chen, “Numerucal analysis of automotive disc brake squeal: A review”, Int. J. Vehicle Noise and Vibration, Vol. 1(3/4), pp. 207-231, 2005. 29. P. Liu, H. Zheng, C. Ca., Y.Y. Wang, C. Lu, K.H. Ang and G.R. Liu, “Analysis of disc brake squeal using the complex eigenvalue method”, Applied Acoustics, Vol. 68, pp. 603-615, 2007. 30. Hoffman C. T., “Damper design and development for use on disc brake shoe and lining assemblies”, SAE Paper, No. 880254, 1988. 31. Yi Dai, Teik C. Lim, “Suppression of brake squeal noise applying finite element brake and pad model enhanced by spectral-based assurance criteria”, Applied Acoustics, Vol. 69, pp. 196-214, 2008. 32. Guillaume Fritz, Jean-Jacques Sinou, Jean-Marc Duffal and Louis Jezequel, “Effects of damping on brake squeal coalescence patterns – Application on a finite element model”, Mechanics Research Communications, Vol. 34, pp. 181-190, 2007. 33. Guillaume Fritz, Jean-Jacques Sinou, Jean-Marc Duffal and Louis Jezequel, “Investigation of the relationship between damping and mode-coupling patterns in case of brake squeal”, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 307, pp. 591-609, 2007. 34. Jinchun Huang, Charles M. Krousgrill and Anil K. Bajaj, “Modeling of automotive drum brakes for squeal and parameter sensitivity analysis”, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 289, pp. 245-263, 2006. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/37783 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 過往車輛工業在煞車系統的發展上,煞車異音的議題一直不是主要改善重點,不過,隨著人們生活品質的提高與對行車舒適性的要求,煞車異音的問題才逐漸受到重視以及開始被廣泛研究。本文主要探討目的是研究煞車系統元件對系統本身運動穩定性所造成的影響,利用煞車系統所產生之不穩定振動,進而預測煞車異音的生成。煞車異音的產生,主要是由摩擦襯墊與煞車碟盤接觸面間的摩擦作用力所引起的系統不穩定,在本文裡,利用有限元素分析軟體,建立實際摩托車的煞車系統模型,並推導出接觸面間的摩擦耦合作用力關係,運用線性交接面連結元素建構出一非對稱摩擦耦合勁度矩陣,模擬摩擦襯墊與碟盤交接面之間的耦合作用力影響,並建立煞車系統在接觸摩擦耦合作用力影響下的振動方程式,利用複數特徵值法,從計算所得到的複數特徵值判斷系統運動是否為穩定,進而預測可能發生煞車異音的頻率以及振動模態,從本文中發現產生煞車異音的模態會有模態耦合的現象。最後,藉由分析不同的系統參數值以及改變摩擦襯墊的幾何形狀,探討系統參數及摩擦襯墊的幾何形狀對煞車系統穩定度的影響,並引入一不穩定度指標,除了便於分析結果的表示之外,還可根據指標的大小判斷該振動模態是否容易有異音的發生,進一步利用模態耦合的現象預測系統運動即將發生不穩定時的臨界系統參數值,其模擬分析的結果也許可作為改善煞車異音的建議,其中以增加阻尼效應對消滅煞車異音的幫助最為顯著。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The purpose of this study is to analyze the unstable modes in linear conditions for the brake system and to provide the method for determining the stability characteristics of the brake system assembly. When the motion of brake system is unstable, it is the likelihood of brake squeal. The brake squeal typically occurs at unstable resonant frequencies of brake system. Finite element methods are used to derive the equations of motion for the brake system of motorcycle. The components of brake system are coupled together in the system model including the friction coupling terms between the pad and disc. The proposed friction coupling formulation produces an asymmetric stiffness matrix. This mechanism (varying force) provides necessary for energy to be fed into the vibrating system that will excite the unstable modes of the system. To study the stability of the system by the complex eigenvalue method, the friction effects between the pad and the disc are accounted for by introducing linear elements in an asymmetric stiffness matrix. The application of modal analysis in the finite element friction coupling model of the brake system is used to identify its complex eigenvalues and to relate them to the squeal occurrence. The positive real parts of complex eigenvalues reveal which modes are unstable and tend to generate the brake squeal. The image parts of complex eigenvalues is the frequency of the brake squeal. This analysis can be a predictive tool to squeal. An attempt is made to investigate the effect of the operational parameters (friction coefficient, brake pressure, proportional damping and the stiffness of each component for brake system) and the modification of pad shape on the brake squeal. The simulation results show that a pair of modes merges at the critical value of the operational parameters, i.e., their frequencies and mode shapes become identical. This merging state defines the modal coupling phenomenon and it may be the mechanism of brake squeal. Brake squeal can be reduced by decreasing the friction coefficient and brake pressure. The effect of modifying pad shape on the squeal is also obvious. However, increasing the damping have good results for eliminating brake squeal. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T15:43:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-97-R95525006-1.pdf: 1867289 bytes, checksum: 53e41d31a5130d7ffeead9cd8e586cd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目 錄
第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究緣起與目的 1 1.2 文獻回顧 2 1.2.1 摩擦係數變化模型 2 1.2.2幾何形狀與運動限制模型 3 1.3 問題簡介 5 第二章 理論分析 9 2.1 有限元素法簡介 9 2.2 有限元素法之基本架構 10 2.3 煞車異音之有限元素理論 11 2.3.1 煞車系統之接觸摩擦耦合作用振動方程式 11 2.3.2 複數特徵值法 16 第三章 煞車系統有限元素模型建立 21 3.1 有限元素分析軟體ANSYS簡介 21 3.2 ANSYS軟體之基本流程架構 22 3.3 煞車系統有限元素模型 – 使用元素介紹 24 3.3.1 SOLID45 3-D 實體結構元素 24 3.3.2 MATRIX27 線性交接面元素 25 3.4 煞車系統之接觸摩擦耦合模型 26 第四章 煞車系統之有限元素模態分析 36 4.1 有限元素模態分析 36 4.2 系統參數對煞車異音之影響 37 4.2.1 接觸面間之摩擦係數變化 38 4.2.2 煞車壓力變化 39 4.2.3 碟盤剛性變化 40 4.2.4 卡鉗剛性變化 40 4.2.5 背板剛性變化 41 4.2.6 摩擦襯墊剛性變化 42 4.2.7 比例阻尼之影響 42 4.3 系統元件幾何形狀對煞車異音之影響 44 4.3.1 碟盤厚度變化 44 4.3.2 摩擦襯墊厚度變化 45 4.3.3 摩擦襯墊挖溝槽之影響 46 4.3.4 摩擦襯墊接觸長度 47 4.3.5 摩擦襯墊幾何形狀 47 4.4 煞車系統之不穩定模態 48 4.5 煞車異音之模態耦合現象 49 第五章 結論與建議 67 5.1 綜合結論 67 5.2 未來發展與建議 70 參考文獻 72 附錄 76 (一) 接觸摩擦耦合勁度矩陣 76 圖目錄 圖1-1 靜摩擦係數與動摩擦係數關係圖 7 圖1-2 摩擦係數與相對滑動速度之斜率模型 7 圖1-3 Sprag-slip理論模型 (Spurr, 1961) 8 圖1-4 Cantilever-beam on disc模型 (R. P. Jarvis, B. Mills, 1963) 8 圖1-5 Pin-disc模型 (Earles, 1976) 8 圖2-1 彈簧均勻分佈於摩擦襯墊與煞車碟盤之間 19 圖2-2 煞車系統受到的外力以及彈簧連結後所產生的摩擦耦合作用力 19 圖2-3 摩擦襯墊與煞車碟盤之間接觸勁度值與煞車作用力的實驗關係圖 (M. T. Junior, 2008) 20 圖2-4 複數特徵值之實、虛部對應與系統不穩定區域 20 圖3-1 SOLID45 3-D實體結構元素(ANSYS User’s Manual) 30 圖3-2 MATRIX27 線性交接面連結元素(ANSYS User’s Manual) 30 圖3-3 MATRIX27元素對稱矩陣形式之實體參數編號 31 圖3-4 MATRIX27元素非對稱矩陣形式之實體參數編號 31 圖3-5 實際摩托車碟煞系統:卡鉗和碟盤的組合 32 圖3-6 成對摩擦襯墊以及背板 32 圖3-7 煞車碟盤上的邊界束制條件 33 圖3-8 卡鉗上固定器的邊界束制條件 33 圖3-9 煞車系統接觸摩擦耦合有限元素模型 34 圖3-10 摩擦襯墊與碟盤上接觸部份的相對應節點(對應網格) 34 圖3-11 線性交接面元素均勻分佈在接觸面 35 圖4-1 摩擦係數對不穩定度指標的影響 53 圖4-2 7100Hz、12000Hz附近的不穩定模態,其指標隨著摩擦係數變大而增加 53 圖4-3 煞車壓力對不穩定度指標的影響 54 圖4-4 煞車壓力變化下,不穩定模態之不穩定度指標與煞車壓力的關係 54 圖4-5 煞車碟盤剛性對不穩定度指標的影響 55 圖4-6 卡鉗剛性對不穩定度指標的影響 55 圖4-7 背板剛性對不穩定度指標的影響 56 圖4-8 摩擦襯墊剛性對不穩定度指標的影響 56 圖4-9 比例阻尼效應對不穩定度指標的影響 57 圖4-10 煞車碟盤厚度變化對不穩定度指標的影響 57 圖4-11 摩擦襯墊厚度對不穩定度指標的影響 58 圖4-12 摩擦襯墊溝槽對不穩定度指標的影響 58 圖4-13 摩擦襯墊接觸長度變化 59 圖4-14 摩擦襯墊接觸長度對不穩定度指標的影響 59 圖4-15 三種不同扇形之摩擦襯墊(依據兩側線的顏色區別) 60 圖4-16 摩擦襯墊幾何形狀對不穩定度指標的影響 60 圖4-17 煞車系統前视圖、左側视圖 61 圖4-18 第52階模態振型,系統運動呈為不穩定。 61 圖4-19 第60階模態振型,系統運動呈為不穩定。 62圖4-20 第65階模態振型,系統運動呈為不穩定。 62圖4-21 第67階模態振型,系統運動呈為不穩定。 63 圖4-22 第26階模態振型,系統運動呈為不穩定。 63 圖4-23 煞車系統不受摩擦力作用,其結構在20000Hz內的所有模態 64 圖4-24 煞車系統不受摩擦力作用,從系統的特徵值方程所解到的特徵值 64 圖4-25 不受摩擦力作用,煞車系統結構的第20~30階模態 65 圖4-26 摩擦係數對模態頻率的影響,取6800Hz~7400Hz之間的模態 65 圖4-27 第26、27階模態,頻率與摩擦係數的關係 66 圖4-28 第26、27階模態,不穩定度指標與摩擦係數的關係 66 表目錄 表3-1 煞車模型幾何尺寸 29 表3-2 煞車系統各元件材料性質 29 表4-1 非對稱法與阻尼法的說明 52 表4-2 不同比例阻尼效應下,發生的不穩定模態個數 52 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 煞車系統之振動分析及異音預測 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Vibration Analysis and Squeal Prediction for the Brake System | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 96-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 謝傳璋,劉德源,何信宗 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 煞車異音,不對稱矩陣,模態分析,複數特徵值法,模態耦合, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Brake squeal,Unsymmetric matrix,Modal analysis,Complex eigenvalue method,Modal coupling, | en |
dc.relation.page | 78 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2008-07-03 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 工程科學及海洋工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 工程科學及海洋工程學系 |
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