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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 於幼華 | |
dc.contributor.author | Shih-Wei Li | en |
dc.contributor.author | 李世偉 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T08:11:21Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2005-07-27 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-27 | |
dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2005-07-20 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/36692 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 四氯乙烯(tetrachloroethylene, PCE)為工廠常用之去脂溶劑及乾洗業之乾洗油劑,土壤與地下水中最常發現的氯化有機污染物之一。過去研究證實,厭氧生物反應可以脫氯降解PCE,但鮮有直接利用厭氧消化污泥分解PCE者。因此,本研究乃以都市污水處理廠及養豬廢水處理廠厭氧消化污泥,直接進行生物代謝PCE試驗,以探討消化污泥全程分解PCE之能力,及是否可完全轉化PCE至無毒且環境可接受之產物 - 乙烯。
結果顯示,養豬廢水處理廠之消化污泥僅可將PCE脫氯降解至三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene, TCE)及1,2-cis-二氯乙烯(dichloroethylene, DCE) 。都市污水處理廠之新鮮污泥則可將PCE,經由TCE、cis-DCE、氯乙烯(vinyl chloride, VC)之代謝途徑,最後生成乙烯;濃縮新鮮污泥更可快速分解PCE至乙烯。由此證實,某些特殊厭氧消化污泥具有直接分解PCE至環境無毒產物乙烯之能力,且當污泥濃度越高及以半連續式(10μmol/ 3 days)的加藥方式,均會加速PCE生物分解。但全部研究過程,所有厭氧消化污泥均無法將四氯乙烯完全(100%)轉化成乙烯。其中分解效果最佳者為都市污水處理廠之新鮮污泥加入50、110μmol之PCE,反應時間38天,可分別產生43.1 (86.2%)及83.56μmol (76%)之乙烯。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Perchloroethylene (PCE) is one of the most frequently identified contaminants in soils and groundwaters because it has been widely used for degreasing in industry and as a solvent for dry cleaning. Many previous studies have shown that anaerobic biological treatments are capable of converting the heavily chlorinated compound into harmless metabolites. However, anaerobic digested sludge is seldomly applied directly to the treatment of PCE contamination. In this research, perchloroethylene-dechlorinating ability and feasibility of completely converting PCE to non-toxic metabolites were examined directly in anaerobic digested sludge from swine wastewater and domestic wastewater treatment plant.
According to the results of this study, digested sludge of swine waterwaste treatment plant can dechlorinate PCE into trichloroethylene (TCE) and dichloroethylene (DCE) but no further. In contract, digested sludge of domestic wastewater treatment plant can dechlorinate PCE through TCE, DCE, vinyl chloride (VC), and finally result in the nontoxic ethylene. This proves that certain kinds of anaerobic digested sludge are capable of directly breaking down PCE into the nontoxic ethylene. Besides, it has been found that the higher the sludge concentration and adding PCE by semi-continuous method (10 μmol/3 days) can speed up the detoxification processes. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T08:11:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R92541132-1.pdf: 6230367 bytes, checksum: f5c2e9ec9d9449c501c6f4d4fdd01b64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ 內容目錄 Ⅲ 表目錄 Ⅷ 圖目錄 Ⅸ 第一章 前言 1 1-1 研究緣起 1 1-2 研究目的 2 1-3 研究內容 3 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2-1 四氯乙烯的相關介紹 5 2-1-1 四氯乙烯的物化特性 5 2-1-2 四氯乙烯對健康的影響 6 2-1-3 四氯乙烯於飲用水及地下水中之規範 9 2-2 厭氧微生物處理有機物之基本機制 11 2-3 四氯乙烯之生物還原脫氯反應機制 14 2-3-1 外來化學物質(Xenobiotics) 14 2-3-2 馴化 ( Adaption ) 15 2-3-3 共代謝(Co-metabolism) 15 2-3-4 鹵化呼吸作用(Halorespiration) 16 2-3-5 四氯乙烯的降解能力(PCE-degradative ability) 17 2-3-6 四氯乙烯的序列性轉化(sequential transformation) 17 2-3-7 四氯乙烯之生物性分解反應研究 20 2-4 菌種對四氯乙烯脫氯還原反應之研究 23 2-4-1 Desulfomonile tiedjei 23 2-4-2 Desulfitobacterium sp. 24 2-4-3 Desulfuromonas chloroethenica strain TT4B 25 2-4-4 Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 25 2-4-5 Dehalobacter restrictus 26 2-4-6 Dehalospirilum multivorans 26 2-4-7 Enterobacter strain MS-1 27 第三章 實驗材料設備與分析方法 30 3-1 實驗用品、試劑及氣體 30 3-1-1 實驗用水 30 3-1-2 實驗藥品及氣體 30 3-2 厭氧消化污泥 31 3-2-1 採樣方法與步驟 31 3-2-2 厭氧污泥種類 31 3-2-2-1 都市污水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥 32 3-2-2-2 養豬廢水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥 32 3-2-3 污泥前處理部分 34 3-2-3-1 污泥實驗前處理方法 34 3-2-3-2 污泥分析前處理方法 36 3-3 分析設備及分析方法 38 3-3-1 分析方法的建立 38 3-3-2 揮發性四氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、二氯乙烯及氯乙烯分析 38 3-3-3 甲烷及乙烯分析 39 3-3-4 懸浮固體及揮發性懸浮固體分析檢測方法 39 3-3-5 含污泥之亨利常數試驗 39 3-3-6 污泥之等溫吸附常數試驗 40 3-3-7 氣相、液相、固相三態平衡 42 3-4 實驗步驟 43 3-4-1 檢量線的建立 43 3-4-2 實驗加藥方法 45 3-4-3 批次實驗流程與方法 45 3-4-3-1 消化污泥之準備 47 3-4-3-2 污泥裝瓶方法 47 3-4-3-3 採樣分析 47 3-4-4 滅菌試驗 48 第四章 實驗設計 49 4-1 背景試驗 49 4-1-1 血清瓶(含污泥)生物試驗系統逸散測試 49 4-1-2 含污泥之亨利常數及污泥之等溫吸附常數 49 4-2 以都市污水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥進行實驗 51 4-2-1 利用冬末春初時期採集之消化污泥進行實驗 51 4-2-1-1 新鮮污泥低濃度四氯乙烯測試 51 4-2-1-2 新鮮污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試 52 4-2-1-3 穩定污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試一 (原始污泥) 52 4-2-1-4 穩定污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試二 (濃縮污泥) 53 4-2-2 利用夏末秋初時期採集之消化污泥進行實驗 54 4-3 以養豬廢水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥進行實驗 56 4-3-1 污泥採樣槽(一)設計方式 58 4-3-2 污泥採樣槽(二)設計方式 59 4-3-3 污泥採樣槽(三)設計方式 60 第五章 實驗結果與討論 61 5-1 背景試驗結果 61 5-1-1 血清瓶(含污泥)生物試驗系統逸散測試結果 61 5-1-2 含污泥之亨利常數及污泥等溫吸附常數實驗結果 62 5-2 以都市污水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥進行實驗結果 67 5-2-1 利用冬末春初時期消化污泥之實驗結果 67 5-2-1-1 新鮮污泥低濃度四氯乙烯測試結果 67 5-2-1-2 新鮮污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試結果 69 5-2-1-3 穩定污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試一 (原始污泥) 71 5-2-1-4 穩定污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試二 (濃縮污泥) 75 5-2-1-5 冬末春初時期實驗總結果及討論 82 5-2-2 利用夏末秋初時期消化污泥之實驗結果 84 5-2-2-1 新鮮污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試結果 84 5-2-2-2 濃縮新鮮污泥高濃度四氯乙烯測試結果 93 5-2-2-3 夏末秋初時期實驗總結果及討論 101 5-3 以養豬廢水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥進行實驗之結果 105 5-3-1 污泥採樣槽(一)實驗結果 105 5-3-2 污泥採樣槽(二)實驗結果 108 5-3-3 污泥採樣槽(三)實驗結果 111 5-3-4 養豬廢水處理系統之厭氧消化污泥實驗結果討論 114 第六章 結論與建議 115 6-1 結論 115 6-2 建議 116 參考文獻 118 附錄I GC/MASS偵測器,各種標準品原始質譜圖 126 附錄II 亨利常數試驗,各種含氯有機物之結果 132 附錄III 等溫吸附常數與模式推導 136 附錄 Ⅳ GC/MASS偵測器,標準品質譜圖離子選擇 140 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 以厭氧生物法處理高濃度四氯乙烯之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Study of High-Concentration Tetrachloroethylene Treated by Anaerobic Biological Process | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 鄧家基 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 周晉澄,曾四恭 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 四氯乙烯,三氯乙烯,二氯乙烯,氯乙烯,生物還原脫氯反應,厭氧消化污泥, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Perchloroethylene,trichloroethylene,dichloroethylene,vinyl chloride,anaerobic digested sludge, | en |
dc.relation.page | 139 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2005-07-21 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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