專案管理者特質與專案績效間關係之研究 -以A公司之專案管理者為例

Abstract

因應全球經濟發展局勢，在一個高度競爭講究高效率，追求專業分工的時代，專注於核心能力經營，而將其他非核心業務委外已是不可避免的新趨勢。 而一個專案是否能够成功順利地委託，無疑地專案管理扮演著成功與否的關鍵所在。委外專案之所以能够順利成功與否的專案績效評量，主要的著眼點還是在看專案管理者，同樣的專案由不同的專案管理者來操作，結果便有很大的差異。 解析專案管理者個人人格特質，經過問卷調查的資料統計分析，吾人希望從調查數據中的統計敍述分析及交叉分析中得知： 1. 專案管理者所需具備的特質為何？具備何者特質會有比較好的績效表現。 2. 專案績效特色為何？以及該如何來衡量績效？ 3. 專案管理者所具備的特質與專案績效之間兩者有無特定的關係？ 本研究對一個專案媒合網站之接案者會員發出問卷調查方式，根據回收的問卷予以歸納統計，欲了解專案管理者的個人特質、與內外在環境的互動、對專案績效的影響、以及總體滿意度。所得到的結果如下： 1. 『個人內在特質』方面：女性接案者52%超越男性48%，以大學剛畢業的前三年(23~26歲) 29%為最多數，有三分之一的接案者投入委外服務前的工作年資不到一年，將近一半(48.5%)的人投入接案前的所得不到20萬元，超過一半(53%)的人年資不到一年。 2. 『個人外在特質』方面：個人SOHO族、兼職上班族及學生個體戶佔了八成，超過一半(52%)人是因經濟因素增加外快而接案。 3. 『內在環境因素』方面：投入委外服務者，以文字工作類佔39%近四成最多，而有三分之二接案者的案源是依靠朋友介紹的，超過六成(62%)的人認為是收入不穩定是其主要困擾來源。 4. 『外在環境因素』方面：有46%的人認為，近兩年外在環境因為競爭者變多比較難接到案，有近六成(59%)希望政府有SOHO族適用的勞動法規協助。 5. 『專案績效』方面：有32%的人平均在一個月內可獲得案件，超過五成(55%)認為專案是可以平均在一個月完成，接案後年收入20萬之內比接案前少了4.4%，21~40萬比接案前多了3.8%。 6. 『總體績效』方面：去年和今年收入的比較各個看法差距不大，而明年與今年收入比較，則最多數的37%是看好的，接案環境整體滿意度超過五成(54.7%)認為只有中間層級普通而已。

It’s a new trend of the world economy that let a corporate to concentrate all its efforts to develop its core competence. And it makes a win policy in the high competitive market through outsourcing its none-core capability. All the outsourcing tasks are divided into many projects and accomplished by many teams through separate processes. However an outsourcing project can be done well or not mainly depends on the project manager. It’s different result for the same project to be entrusted to individual project manager. The key success factor is the personality of a project manager. So we want to know the relational reasons through the research by questionnaires. 1. What are the characteristics of the project managers? What kind of characteristics will get the better performance? 2. What are the characteristics of a project performance? How to evaluate the performance? 3. Is there any relationship between the personalities of project manager with the project performance? My research studies the topic of personality with performance by questionnaires and gets the results as following. 1. Personal inner characteristics: 52% of the project manger is female more than 48% of mail in gender. 29% of PM (project manager) is no more 3 years from graduated. One third of PM is less than one year in previous work experience. 48.5% of the PM is less than NTD 200K in yearly revenue before being a PM. And 53% of the PM is less than one year in work experience on outsourcing field. 2. Personal outer characteristics: One-person SOHO, part-time worker, and students occupied 80% of the PM. And the motivation of 52% PM is to earn extra income through outsourcing execution. 3. Inner environmental factors: 39% of the PM is belonged to literature writer in categories. About two third of the PM got their projects from their friends’ information’s. And 62% of the PM worried about their unstable incomes. 4. Outer environmental factors:46% of the PM believes the outer environment more competitive than before. And 59% of the PM expects government offering more SOHO welfares programs. 5. Project performance: 32% of the PM could get a project within one month. And 55% of the PM could accomplish the project less one month. The yearly income of PM, less than NTD 200K, is less 4.4% than before. Furthermore the yearly income of PM, between NTD 200K and NTD 400K, is more 3.8% than before. 6. Total satisfaction: The revenues of PM are without difference between this year and last year. However 37% of PM thinks the income will increase next year. Most (54.7%) of PM judges the total outsourcing environment is in normal grade.