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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 謝淑華 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Carlos Koo | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 古繼樂 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T07:04:46Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-08-10 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2011-08-10 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2011-07-22 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Axsater, S. and K. Rosling (1994), 'Multi-level production-inventory control: material requirements planning or reorder point policies?' European Journal of Operational Research, 75(2): 405-412
Beamon, B. M. (1998), 'Supply chain design and analysis: models and methods.' International Journal of Production Economics, 55(3): 281-294 Chan, F. T. S. and H. K. Chan (2005), 'Simulation modeling for comparative evaluation of supply chain management strategies.' The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 25(9): 998-1006 Chen, F. Y. and D. Krass (2001), 'Inventory models with minimal service level constraints.' European Journal of Operational Research, 134(1): 120-140 Darwish, M. A. (2008), 'Joint determination of order quantity and reorder point of continuous review model under quantity and freight rate discounts.' Computers & Operations Research, 35(12): 3902-3917 Dogru, M. K., G. J. van Houtum, and de Kok A.G. (2008), 'Newsvendor equations for optimal reorder levels of serial inventory systems with fixed batch sizes.' Operations Research Letters, 36(5): 551-556 Fujiwara, O. and D. Sedarage (1997), 'An optimal (Q,r) policy for a multipart assembly system under stochastic part procurement lead times.' European Journal of Operational Research, 100(3): 550-556 Goyal, S. K. and Y. P. Gupta (1989), 'Integrated inventory models: The buyer-vendor coordination.' European Journal of Operational Research, 41(3): 261-269 Hoshino, K. (1996), 'Criterion for choosing ordering policies between fixed-size and fixed-interval, pull-type and push-type.' International Journal of Production Economics, 44(1-2): 91-95 Huang, L.-T., Hsieh, I. C., and Farn, C.-K. (2010), 'On ordering adjustment policy under rolling forecast in supply chain planning.' Computers & Industrial Engineering In Press, Corrected Proof Ingalls, R. G. (1998), The value of simulation in modeling supply chains. Proceedings of the 30th conference on Winter simulation. Washington, D.C., United States, IEEE Computer Society Press: 1371-1376 Kamal Chaharsooghi, S., Heydari, J., and Nakhai Kamalabadi, I. (2011), 'Simultaneous coordination of order quantity and reorder point in a two-stage supply chain.' Computers & Operations Research In Press, Corrected Proof Lee, Y. H., Cho, M. K., Kim, S.J., and Kim, Y.B. (2002), 'Supply chain simulation with discrete-continuous combined modeling.' Computers & Industrial Engineering, 43(1-2): 375-392 Longo, F. and G. Mirabelli (2008), 'An advanced supply chain management tool based on modeling and simulation.' Computers & Industrial Engineering, 54(3): 570-588 Martin, K. (2010 ), '2010 Baking Industry Forecast.' from http://baking-management.com/successful_plants/bakery-industry-forecast-0110/index.html Matta, K. F. (1991), 'Cost function for a periodic reorder-point system with time dependent replenishment costs.' European Journal of Operational Research, 53(3): 309-316 Matta, K. F. and H. H. Guerrero (1990), 'Analyzing an inventory system with multiple reorder points and periodic replenishment.' Computers & Industrial Engineering, 18(4): 445-456 Mohebbi, E. (2003), 'Supply interruptions in a lost-sales inventory system with random lead time.' Computers & Operations Research, 30(3): 411-426 Ouyang, L.-Y., Chen, C.-K., and Chang, H.Ch. (2002), 'Quality improvement, setup cost and lead-time reductions in lot size reorder point models with an imperfect production process.' Computers & Operations Research, 29(12): 1701-1717 Pan, J. C.-H., Lo, M.-C., and Hsiao, Y.-Ch. (2004), 'Optimal reorder point inventory models with variable lead time and backorder discount considerations.' European Journal of Operational Research, 158(2): 488-505 Persson, F. and J. Olhager (2002), 'Performance simulation of supply chain designs.' International Journal of Production Economics, 77(3): 231-245 Sehgal, V. (2008), 'Connecting Supply Chain Strategy to Business Goals.' from http://www.supplychainmusings.com/2008/05/replenishment-policies-and-inventory.html Silver, E. A. and M. R. Rahnama (1986), 'The Cost Effects of Statistical Sampling in Selecting the Reorder Point in a Common Inventory Model.' The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 37(7): 705-713 van der Heijden, M. (2000), 'Near cost-optimal inventory control policies for divergent networks under fill rate constraints.' International Journal of Production Economics, 63(2): 161-179 Wang, C.-H. (2010), 'Some remarks on an optimal order quantity and reorder point when supply and demand are uncertain.' Computers & Industrial Engineering, 58(4): 809-813 Ward, J. B. (1978), 'Determining Reorder Points When Demand Is Lumpy.' Management Science, 24(6): 623-632 Wu, T., Blackhurst, J., and Chidambaram, V. (2006), 'A model for inbound supply risk analysis.' Computers in Industry, 57(4): 350-365 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/35684 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在烘焙業，物料採購是一個影響生產成本的重要關鍵。對於物料採購，其再訂貨點是決定批貨過程成本的變因。因此，尋找最佳再訂貨點可以說是達到物料批貨最低成本的關鍵。然而，市場的需求變化、物料採購的批量大小、生產規模等等都可能改變最佳再訂貨點，如此造成如何選擇再訂貨點變得複雜。許多已經發展的理論方法已經被用於在不同的工業，但卻不適用於烘焙業。
本研究主要目的為利用模擬方法尋找麵包工廠之最佳再訂購點。 利用eM-Plant軟體，一個麵包工廠批貨模擬模式將在本研究中被建立，且被用來模擬不同方案之批貨過程，進而估算批貨成本。本研究的批貨成本包括五種成本，運輸成本、人工搬運成本、缺貨成本、物料時效成本、和大宗採購折扣。三種因子，市場的需求變化、物料採購的批量大小、生產規模大小，搭配不同的因子水準，作為模擬的輸入條件，模擬不同的場景，藉此研究最佳再訂購點對因子水準變化的敏感度。 模擬結果說明：1.當市場變化大時，最佳再訂購點會提高。 2.採用最佳再訂購點，配合適當的採購批量，批貨單位成本有顯著的降低 。 3. 提高產能對於批貨單位成本有相當的助益。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The material procurement cost is essential that affects the production cost in the bakery industry. In material procurement process, the reorder point of materials determines the procurement cost. Hence, finding an optimal reorder point of a bakery factory is the key to reach the minimum material procurement cost. However, some of the factors such as market demand variations, material purchase quantity scale, or production scale, may change the optimal reorder point. Many methods have been developed and applied to many different industries, but those methods are not suitable for a bakery industry.
This study intends to find an optimal reorder point for a bakery factory via simulations. A bakery simulation model with eM-plant software is built to study the material procurement process. The procurement cost in this study is composed of five costs: transportation cost, labor cost, stock out cost, material stale cost, and large amount discount. Three factors are used to generate the simulations input, which are: market demand variations, material purchase quantity scale, and production quantity scale. Simulations for the material procurement process of a bakery factory are performed with different levels of factors to approach the near optimal reorder point. The simulation results reveal: 1.The level of an optimal reorder point will be increased when the degree of the market demand variation is increased. 2. The material procurement cost can be reduced with an optimal reorder points accompanied by a suitable level of a material purchase order quantity, and 3. It can reach the minimum procurement cost if the production scale is enlarged. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T07:04:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-100-R98546040-1.pdf: 2431885 bytes, checksum: 1886d679a8f699d0ca256977eba3a254 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Table of Contents
Chinese Abstract I Abstract II Table of Contents III List of Tables V List of Figures VII 1. Chapter I Introduction 1 2. Chapter II Literature Review 4 2.1 Literature reorder point background 4 2.2 Literature concerning the parameters in the replenishment policies 5 2.3 Literature related to economical criterions in replenishment policies 6 2.4 Literature related to simulation methodologies in replenishment models 8 3. Chapter III General concepts of the optimal reorder point using a sensitivity study via simulation 10 3.1 Replenishment policies 10 3.2 Simulation system 13 3.3 Sensitivity Analysis 15 4. Chapter IV The optimal reorder point of a bakery factory inventory 17 4.1 The brief description of the material procurement plan for the bakery factory. 18 4.1.1 Bill of Material 18 4.1.2 Raw material requirement 21 4.1.3 Characteristics of the Raw Materials 23 4.1.4 Factory Layout 29 4.1.5 Assumptions and Conditions of the Warehouse 32 4.2 The material procurement cost 33 4.2.1 Shipping cost 34 4.2.2 Workforce cost 34 4.2.3 Stock out cost 36 4.2.4 Material staleness cost 37 4.2.5 Wholesale discount 37 4.3 Factors that affect the optimal reorder point 38 4.3.1 Affecting factor 1: The market demand variation 38 4.3.2 Affecting factor 2: The purchase order quantity scale 39 4.3.3 Affecting factor 3: The production quantity scale 40 4.4 Discussion 41 5. Chapter V The optimal reorder point sensitivity study via simulation 42 5.1 The sensitivity study flow chart 42 5.2 Building simulation model 44 5.2.1 Simulation assumptions 48 5.3 Experiment scheme 51 5.3.1 The market demand variation scheme 54 5.3.2 The material purchase order quantity variation scheme 62 5.3.3 The production quantity variation scheme 70 5.4 Discussion 80 6. Chapter VI Conclusions and further recommendations 85 6.1 Conclusions 85 6.2 Further recommendations 86 7. References 87 List of Tables Table 4-1 Total Daily Schedule Material Required for Goods Manufactured 22 Table 4-2 Space Required by each Raw Material 28 Table 4-3 Minimum Daily Expected Raw Material Required for the Production Department 28 Table 5-1 Objects used in the simulation model 46 Table 5-2 Price per unit and transport fee per order for each raw material 49 Table 5-3 Price per package and net income per package of the products 49 Table 5-4 All unit quantity discount given by the suppliers of flour and egg 50 Table 5-5 Payment conditions for each worker. 50 Table 5-6 Scheme 1 of market demand variation for different reorder points analysis 54 Table 5-7 Reorder points variations for the scheme analysis 55 Table 5-8 Cost effects evaluation for scenario A 56 Table 5-9 Cost effects evaluation for scenario B 58 Table 5-10 Cost effects evaluation for scenario C 60 Table 5-11 Scheme 2 of purchase order quantity variation for different reorder points analysis 63 Table 5-12 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantities with market demand A 64 Table 5-13 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantities with market demand B 66 Table 5-14 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantity with market demand C 68 Table 5-15 Scheme 3 of production quantity variation for different reorder points analysis 71 Table 5-16 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III and the purchase order quantity IV for the original production quantity and the increased production quantity with market demand A 72 Table 5-17 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III and the purchase order quantity IV for the original production quantity and the increased production quantity with market demand B 75 Table 5-18 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III and the purchase order quantity IV for the original production quantity and the increased production quantity with market demand C 77 List of Figures Fig. 3-1 Order Point, Order Quantity-Continuous Review (Sehgal 2008) 11 Fig. 3-2 Order Point, Order Quantity-Periodic Review (Sehgal 2008) 12 Fig. 3-3 Order up-to level-Continuous Review (Sehgal 2008) 12 Fig. 3-4 Order up-to-level-Periodic Review 13 Fig. 3-5 Sensitivity analysis method 15 Fig. 4-1 Main products manufactured by the factory 18 Fig. 4-2 BOM of the Bonette bread at product line 1 19 Fig. 4-3 BOM product structure of the white bread at product line 1 20 Fig. 4-4 BOM product structure of the Wan Tan paste at production line 2 20 Fig. 4-5 Standard 50 kilogram sack of flour 23 Fig. 4-6 Standard egg cartons 24 Fig. 4-7 Standard 50 kilogram sack of sugar 24 Fig. 4-8 Box of fats 25 Fig. 4-9 Standard bag of improver 25 Fig. 4-10 Standard bag of salt 26 Fig. 4-11 Box of yeast 26 Fig. 4-12 Bag of baking powder 27 Fig. 4-13 Top view layout of the plant (The unit dimensions are meters) 29 Fig. 4-14 Material organization structure used in the central warehouse 31 Fig. 4-15 Representation of market demand variation with equal mean production 39 Fig. 5-1 Simulation flow chart of the model 43 Fig. 5-2 Analysis flow chart of the model 43 Fig. 5-3 Simulation model of the warehouse of a bakery factory with different suppliers 45 Fig. 5-4 Scheme 1: Market demand variation 51 Fig. 5-5 Scheme 2: Purchase order quantity variation 52 Fig. 5-6 Scheme 3: Production quantity variation 53 Fig. 5-7 Material procurement cost for reorder point evaluation of scenario A 56 Fig. 5-8 Material procurement cost for reorder point evaluation of scenario B 59 Fig. 5-9 Material procurement cost for reorder point evaluation of scenario C 61 Fig. 5-10 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantities with market demand A 65 Fig. 5-11 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantities with market demand B 67 Fig. 5-12 Material procurement cost for different purchase order quantities with market demand C 69 Fig. 5-13 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III for the original and increased production quantity with market demand A 73 Fig. 5-14 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity IV for the original and increased production quantity with market demand A 74 Fig. 5-15 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III for the original and increased production quantity with market demand B 76 Fig. 5-16 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity IV for the original and increased production quantity with market demand B 76 Fig. 5-17 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity III for the original and increased production quantity with market demand C 78 Fig. 5-18 Material procurement cost of the purchase order quantity IV for the original and increased production quantity with market demand C 79 Fig. 5-19 Contour plot of optimal reorder points obtained for different market demand and purchase order quantity variations 81 Fig. 5-20 Contour of material procurement cost using the optimal reorder points for different market demand and purchase order quantity variations 82 Fig. 5-21 Contour plot comparison of the optimal reorder points for the original and increased production quantity with different market demand and purchase order quantity. 83 Fig. 5-22 Contour plot comparison of the material procurement cost for the original and increased production quantity with different market demand and purchase order quantity. 84 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.title | 利用模擬方法尋找麵包工廠之最佳再訂購點 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Finding optimal reorder points for a bakery factory via simulations | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 99-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 周雍強,劉正良 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 再訂購點,敏感度研究,模擬,麵包工廠,物資採購, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | reorder point,sensitivity analysis,simulation,material procurement, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 90 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2011-07-22 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 工業工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 工業工程學研究所 | |
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