父母的關注與發現發展遲緩兒童之相關性探討

Abstract

本研究目的主要在探討父母的關注與發現發展遲緩兒童之相關性，另外也會探討兒童、父母的基本屬性資料、父母的社會支持、憂鬱、父母關注及發現發展遲緩兒童之相關性。本研究採立意取樣(purposeful sampling)，資料收集期間為民國94年12月1日95年4月30日。使用橫斷式調查法於台北市立早期療育聯合評估中心初診之94位個案。所得資料以SPSS 11.5 for Windows 套裝軟體，進行描述性統計、推論性統計、one way ANOVA、卡方考驗分析、Logistic regression，結果顯示: 一、「父親的社經地位」與「父母社會支持」會影響到父母的總關注，父親社經地位越高，父母關注越多，達到顯著相關。父母社會支持佳，父母關注越高，達到顯著相關。 二、「父母有兩個（含）以上之關注」、「家中小孩數」、「父親社經階層」能預測兒童發展遲緩。「兩個（含）以上之關注」比「一個(含)以下之關注」更能預測兒童的發展遲緩。「家中有三個小孩」比「家中有一個小孩」其兒童更少被發現發展遲緩。父親為「中、高社經階層」比「低社經階層」其兒童更少被發現發展遲緩。 三、父母有「語言表達及發音關注」、「語言理解關注」、「精細動作關注」、「粗動作關注」、「社會或情緒關注」、「自我照護關注」更能預測兒童這些方面的發展遲緩，達統計上顯著意義。 四、且父親為高社經階層者比低社經階層者其兒童更少被發現認知功能、語言表達、語言理解、精細動作、社會互動、自我照護的發展遲緩，達統計上顯著意義。母親為「中社經階層」比「低社經階層」更能預測兒童非特定性及健康發展遲緩，達統計上顯著意義。母親為「高社經階層」比「低社經階層」更能預測兒童認知功能的發展遲緩，達統計上顯著意義。

The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between parent 's concerns and the detection of developmental delay children.There were also studies about children and parent’s basic information, social support and depression rate of parents. By using purposeful sampling in the study, the data for 94 children with developmental delay was collected from Dec. 2004 to Apr. 2005. The information which was used by cross-sectional correlative was from Taipei Early Intervention Center. The sample included 94 parents. Furthermore, the descriptive, inferential, logistical regression and other statistical analyses were done by using SPSS software (Window version 11.5) with the results shown below: 1. Parents’ Concerns is proportional to father’s socioeconomical status and parents’ social support rate,. 2. Parents who have two or more concerns notice less that if their children have developmental delay significant than those have one or less child. Parents who have three children are much less than one concern , high socioeconomic and middle father is less than low socioeconomic father that their children no developmental delay significant. 3. Parents have expressive language and articulation,receptive language,Gross- motor ,fine-motor ,social-emotional ,self-help can predict their child the same dimensions developmental delay significantly. 4. High socioeconomic father is less than low socioeconomic father that their child no global/cognitive,receptive language,expressive language ,fine-motor ,social-emotional ,self-help developmental delay significantly.High socioeconomic Mother is more than low socioeconomic Mother that this child have global/cognitive developmental delay significantly. Middle socioeconomic Mother is more than low socioeconomic Mother that this child have health/other developmental delay significantly .