請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/35067
標題: | 地下捷運排煙系統性能式設計安全驗證與改善方法研究 The Performance–Based Design Safety Evaluation and Improvement Methods Study of Ventilation System in Mass Rapid Transport Underground Station |
作者: | Lin-Jye Chun 鍾靈傑 |
指導教授: | 陳希立 |
關鍵字: | 捷運排煙系統,性能式設計,改善方法,安全驗證, Mass Rapid Transport Underground Station,Performance–Based Design,Improvement Methods Study,Safety Evaluation, |
出版年 : | 2005 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 因國內現行相關法規尚無法有效檢驗地下捷運系統消防安全,故需於消防法規未及規範外,利用性能式火災安全設計方法(Performance-based fire safety design method)來評估及驗證捷運系統消防設備之安全性,以彌補消防法規防災設計規定不足之處及確保捷運系統之消防設備一旦發生火災時,能有效地發揮煙控作用及維護人員的安全。
本文實際針對目前正設計中之高雄捷運O5/R10車站區域及軌道轉轍軌區兩部份的煙控系統,將所建構的軌道全區模型或車站分割模型,依性能式防火安全設計標準程序,利用電腦以PHOENICS軟體數值方法模擬出三維車站區域及軌道轉轍軌區排煙系統於發生火災時,分析其溫度分佈及濃煙擴散情形,從火災成長特性及人員逃生的觀點,將數值模擬結果以NFPA130(2000版)標準驗證緊急運轉操作模式之安全性,來檢驗人員於逃生路徑環境上是否符合安全環境要求(即離地面起算1.8m高度之逃生空間),進而驗證高雄捷運系統所設計的隧道通風系統是否能及時發揮效果,並對無法符合人員逃生安全之排煙系統提出改善方案,也對未來捷運營運隧道發生火災時可建議行控中心(CCR)或站務室(PAO)人員必需於最佳時間50秒內開啟動隧道火災緊急運轉模式,以便免除人員生命財產損失及獲致預防火災效果。本文另於對捷運排煙系統提出各項改善方案中,初步提出車站排煙系統防煙區劃縮小構想,並配合風口位置調整策略來解決失效的車站排煙模式;而隧道軌道區排煙系統在研究過程發現爬坡段有阻礙排煙效果,本研究發現風機開啟後反而加速煙氣滯留並危害人員逃生,解決之道則必需於爬坡段增加風機來排除,此與一維式SES模擬分析報告結果不同,故能藉以及時更正SES報告之安全評估結果,經由所提改善方案,有效改善所發現排煙系統設計之失效,提高人員火災時逃生的安全時間,降低人員傷亡。 There has not been yet any existing related regulation to efficiently check the safety of fire fighting equipment in subway system. Therefore we need to use a performance-based fire safety design method, which is out of existing fire regulations and specifications, to evaluate and validate the safety of fire fighting equipment in subway system. It can cover the insufficiency of design requirement in fire regulations and ensures, while a fire happened in the tunnel, the fire fighting equipment can be efficiently operated to evacuate smoke and maintain the people safety. This article points at smoke evacuation control system for both station and turnout areas at O5/R10 station of Kaohsiung rapid transit, which is under designing. We follow the standard procedure of performance-based fire safety design to set up the whole-track-area mode or station-subdivision mode. The smoke evacuation system is simulated with PHONEICS software by numerical method at 3-dimension station area and turnout to analyze thermal distribution and diffusion of heavy smoke. We utilize the result of numerical stimulation with the standard of NFPA130 (2000 version), from the views of fire grow up characters and people escape safety, to examine the safety of emergency operation. We check people escape route and see if the safety environment requirement (i.e. escape space route at 1.8 meter height calculated from the ground) is satisfied. Then we can examine whether ventilation system in tunnel can be efficiently operated in time. We also offer improvement methods for ventilation system to correct the insufficiency of safety when people escape. If there is a fire happened in tunnel, we propose staves at CCR or PAO have to switch on fire emergency operation mode in tunnel within maximum 50 seconds. We can not only reduce the loss of life and property, but also attain the fire prevention effect within this interval. Moreover, this article offers various improvement programs for smoke evacuation system in subways system. Initially, we offer an idea to minimize the anti-smoke divisions and to rearrange vent positions to resolve the failure of station smoke evacuation mode. In the study of smoke evacuation process at tunnel track area, we find an upward slope will block smoke evacuation. This study also finds that start of fans operation will speed up the accumulation of smoke and endanger people’s life during escape. The way to resolve is that we need to add fans at upward slope. This result is different from the report of one dimensional SES simulate analysis. To timely correct the safety evaluation result in SES report and to efficiently improve the failure of smoke evacuation system design are recommended by this article. Therefore, an increase of time for people to escape in fire hazard with less casualty. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/35067 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 機械工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-94-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 5.46 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。