運用錯誤偵測與更正碼於DNA微珠陣列之編碼

Abstract

本研究發展一套模數p糾錯編碼機制以提升微珠陣列晶片之可靠度。微珠陣列晶片屬於新式的固定式微陣列技術，係將DNA探針序列黏附於細小微珠，並隨機嵌入經過蝕刻之光纖井穴中做為探針，由於微珠體積極小，微珠陣列晶片比傳統平面式微陣列擁有更高密度之探針點。藉由帶有特定螢光染劑，能和微珠位址編碼序列互補的位址解碼序列，經多次雜交的螢光呈色組合判斷隨機散佈的DNA探針序列。模數p糾錯編碼機制主要目的在於糾正辨識過程中發生的雜交呈色錯誤。 模數p糾錯編碼機制的概念源自通訊領域中的通道編碼方法，不同於數位資料傳輸時所使用的二進位系統，本研究利用不同螢光染劑表示不同字符進行微珠序列之辨識並延伸數位通訊的模二編碼至模數p編碼，每個碼元有更多字符以資選擇，碼元包含資訊量增加可減少碼字長度。模數p糾錯編碼機制除提高微珠陣列晶片的辨識可靠度之外並可減少雜交次數，降低成本。

This study developed a modulo p error correcting scheme to improve the reliability of microbeads microarrays. Microbeads microarrays have higher density than typical planar arrays due to the tiny microbeads that are randomly distributed into the wells of etched fibers. Microbeads microarrays utilize the sequential hybridizations of specific oligonucleotides with distinguishable fluorescent dyes, complementary to bead identifier sequences, for registering the location of each probe which is initially unknown. The modulo p error correcting scheme was designed to correct the error from the mistaken hybridizations that lead to misclassifying microbeads. The concept of modulo p error correcting scheme was originated from the channel coding in communication field. This study employs multiple fluorescent levels which represent various symbols different from the binary system in digital communication and further extends its modulo 2 coding to the modulo p. The length of codewords could be shortened because each character contains options with various fluorescent dyes. The modulo p error correcting scheme not only improves the reliability of identification but also reduces the cost of microbeads microarray.