兩岸國初中公民類科教科書國家論述之比較研究

Abstract

本研究旨在比較兩岸國初中公民教科書中國家論述的差異，並嘗試分析影響因素。分析對象為台灣社會教科書仁林版和大陸思想政治課教科書。採用內容分析與比較研究等方法，以「國家意義」、「國家認同」、「國家組成」、「內部關係」以及「外部關係」等五大主題類目對教科書內容進行研究。主要發現如下： 一、兩岸教科書皆受到政治因素影響； 二、兩岸教科書國家論述皆缺乏思辨能力的培養； 三、大陸教科書國家論述較具體且強調愛國； 四、大陸教科書深受意識型態影響且能反應國家政策； 五、台灣教科書重視普遍的民主制度與程序； 六、台灣教科書對國家認同與國家組成內容採模糊方式陳述。 根據以上發現，擬對兩岸教科書提出下列提出建議： 一、重塑以民為主的國家意義； 二、培養學生思辨能力並提供多元國家觀念； 三、建構合理的公民教育； 四、大陸教科書應避免成為意識型態的工具； 五、台灣教科書應正視國家現實。

The main purpose of this study is to compare the similarities and differences of national discourse in civics textbooks, the stage of junior high school in Taiwan and Mainland China . And we also attempt to analyze the influential factors. The research materials are Taiwan Social Study textbooks of Jen-Lin and China’s Political Thought textbooks. The study method of this research includes content analysis and comparative method. We set five main subject categories to analyze textbook contents by ' national significance', ' national identity', ' national composition', ' internal relations' and ' external relations'. The results of these studies are as follow： 1.both textbooks in Taiwan and Mainland China are influenced by political factors. 2.both textbooks in Taiwan and Mainland China are lack with developing the speculative ability. 3.the national discourses of China’s textbook are more concrete and emphasize on patriotic comparatively. 4.China’s textbooks are deeply affected by ideology and can reflect the national policy. 5.Taiwan’s textbooks emphasize on the general democratic system and procedure. 6.Taiwan’s textbooks pick a fuzzy way to describe the contents of national identity and national composition. According to the results of these studies, several recommendations for the textbooks of Taiwan and Mainland China are given as follows： 1. reform the national significance that people first. 2. train the students to develop the speculative ability and provide the pluralistic conception of state ; 3. construct a reasonable civic education; 4. China’s textbooks should avoid being used as a tool to teach all kinds of ideologies ; 5. Taiwan’s textbooks should face up to the national reality.