飼糧中添加高劑量維生素Ｅ對換羽蛋雞產蛋之影響

Abstract

諸多因素影響蛋雞生產之飼養績效，諸如氣候變化、疾病疫情、雞齡老化等。相關研究指出維生素E（α-tocopherol）具有減緩蛋雞因氣候或疾病因素所引起之生產性能下降的抗緊迫功能，而維生素E對減緩老化現象之抗氧化效果，或可作用於延緩換羽蛋雞產蛋後期產蛋、雞蛋品質與死亡率等表現衰退，鑑於蛋雞換羽後生產性能表現與維生素E間相關研究資料仍相當稀少，確有進一步探討之必要。 本研究分二部分進行。第一部份為探究飼糧中添加高劑量維生素Ｅ是否對換羽後達產蛋高峰蛋雞之生產性能表現有所影響，試驗為期20週（試驗一）。第二部份則探究飼糧中添加不同劑量維生素E對換羽後不同產蛋階段的影響，試驗期間為12週（試驗二和試驗三）。 試驗結果指出，維生素E的添加能有效改善換羽後達產蛋高峰蛋雞的生產性能表現如產蛋率、飼料利用效率、平均蛋重以及日產蛋重等項目。每公斤飼糧添加250 IU/kg feed之劑量效果最佳。然給予高劑量維生素Ｅ於甫換羽後雞隻對改善產蛋性狀的反應不盡理想，而試驗一及試驗三達產蛋高峰之雞隻之反應顯示，飼糧中使用高劑量維生素E添加可顯著改善其生產表現，故換羽後飼糧添加維生素Ｅ的時間，應於達產蛋高峰時再行添加，添加劑量則以每公斤飼糧250 IU/kg feed進行最為適當。

Multitudinous factors affect egg production results, such as climatic change, disease epidemic situation and aging process. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) can alleviate egg production lost due to weather or disease stress factor. Vitamin E alleviate the age linked oxidation effect, it may promote egg production, egg quality and mortality performance of molted laying hens at late laying period. However knowledge about the correlation between molted hens and vitamin E is limited. Further study is necessary. The effects of different dietary concentration of vitamin E on molted laying hens were investigated in 3 experiments at different period. Experimentals were conducted to investigate whether vitamin E can effectively improve the performance in molted laying hens or not, then define optimal concentration of vitamin E supplement to different period’s molted hens exposed to normal condition. In the first experiment, 82 weeks old molted hens were fed on diets containing10, 260 or 510 IU vitamin E/kg were fed molted hens from until 101 weeks of age. Performance of egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion efficiency were significantly higher after fed on the diet containing 260 IU vitamin E/kg (P<0.05). In second experiment, 70 weeks old molted hens were fed on diets containing 10, 60, 110, 160, 210, 260 IU vitamin E/kg until 81 weeks old. Vitamin E did not improve egg production, egg weight, feed conversion efficiency, egg mass, egg quality and antibody titers. In the third experiment, 90 weeks old molted hens were fed on diets containing 10, 60, 110, 160, 210, 260 IU vitamin E/kg until 101 weeks old. Egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion efficiency were significantly higher (P<0.05) after fed on the diet containing 260 mg vitamin E/kg, meet the same result of experiment 1.It is concluded that dietary supplementation with 260 IU/kg vitamin E alleviate the adverse effects of aging process in post molt laying hens even of no temperature stress or disease occured.