鹽寮海域浮游動物生產與群聚分析

Abstract

摘要 本報告自2001年至2004年期間，每季針對浮游動物的個體量、生物量、種類組成進行調查，以及總浮游動物、橈足類與哲水蚤生產量的估算，並對浮游動物、環境因子與生物因子間的相關性進行分析，以增進對該海域生態環境的了解。 總浮游動物個體量介於12,165~4,176,400ind./1000m3之間，各測站的平均含量方面，以測站8與測站4最高。個體量四季變動以夏季最高，春季與秋季次之，冬季為最低含量。2004年的平均個體量最高，2001年及2002年次之，2003為最低。主要類別平均個體量方面，以橈足類、尾蟲類和毛顎類的含量較高，而以春夏兩季的浮游動物含量明顯高於秋冬兩季。春、夏、秋和冬季皆以橈足類和尾蟲類為主。浮游動物生物量介於2.29~823.95g/1000m3，季節間的差異明顯。調查海域11個類別浮游動物乾重(Y)與濕重(X)之關係式四季分為：春季Y=0.116X-0.121、夏季Y=0.119X+0.043、秋季Y=0.118X+0.037與冬季Y＝0.106X+0.031。 鹽寮海域調查期間總浮游動物平均二級生產量(mgC/m3/day)介於0.02~0.84，平均為0.31，其中橈足類介於0.01~0.70，平均為0.21，佔總浮游動物二級生產量的61.7%，哲水蚤介於0.01~0.67平均為0.18，佔橈足類二級生產量的85.7%，佔浮游動物二級生產量的58.0%。將二級生產量與水溫、浮游植物細胞數與初級生產力做相關係數分析。最高為水溫的0.89，最低為初級生產量的-0.26。主成分分析(PCA)將九種類別分群，第一群為溫度、哲水蚤、毛顎類與總浮游動物，第二群為尾蟲類與劍水蚤，第三群為幼生類、浮游植物與水母類，顯示鹽寮海域浮游動物群聚中的類別百分比較相近的種類，個體量的變動可能較具有關聯性。依據四個年度的季節，將浮游動物八個主要類別百分比，進行聚類分析(CA)。春季時，顯示哲水蚤百分比(29.80%~57.46%)較高為較獨立之類別，變動情形較大。夏季、秋季與冬季時，八個類別百分比(0.00~61.23%)年間的變動較大，較難找出變動的相關性。鹽寮海域浮游動物於夏季含量最高，但屬主要類別的哲水蚤與尾蟲類屬單一聚類(Ⅰ群)的出現率不高，結果顯示浮游動物於夏季的高含量，並非完全來自於哲水蚤與尾蟲類的貢獻，而是經由多數其他類別的相互貢獻。

Summary This report made up investigation to the individual amount , living beings amount , kind of the zooplankton each season from 2001 to 2004, and the estimation of total zooplankton , oar feet and wise water flea's amount of production, and analyse about the dependence among the zooplankton , environmental factor and biological factor, in order to promote the knowledge of this sea area ecological environment. The total zooplankton's individual amount lies between 12,165,176,400ind./1000m3, examine average content that stand each, in order to is it stand 8 with is it stand 4 most high to examine to examine. Individual amount's change in four seasons is the highest with summer, it is the minimum content in winter to take second place in spring and autumn. The average individual amount of 2004 is the tallest, took second place in 2001 and 2002, 2003 was for being lowest. Main classification average individual amount respect is with oar foot, tail worm and mao content of jaw type relatively high, and is obviously higher than two seasons of autumn and winter with the content of zooplankton of two seasons in spring and summer. Spring , summer , autumn and winter all rely mainly on oar feet and tail worms. Zooplankton's living beings amount lie between 2.2923.95g/1000m3, the difference among season is obvious. Investigate that the universe of 11 pieces of classification zooplankton of sea area is divided into wet and heavy (X ) relational expression four seasons heavily (Y ): Spring Y =0.116X-0.121 , summer Y =0.119X +0.043 , autumn Y =0.118X +0.037 and winter Y =0.106X+0.031. Total average second amount of production (mgC/m3/day ) of zooplankton lies between 0.02.84 during the investigation of sea area of small house of salt, it is 0.31 on average , among them oar feet lie between 0.01.70, 0.21 on average, accounting for total 61.7% of second amount of production of zooplankton, it is 0.18 on average that the wise water flea lies between 0.01.67, accounts for foot 85.7% of second amount of production of oar, accounts for 58.0% of second amount of production of zooplankton . Count and make with elementary productivity the analysis of coefficient correlation of second amount of production and the temperature , phytoplankton cell. It is 0.89 of the temperatures to be the highest, it is the elementary amount of production- 0.26 to be the lowest. Main composition is it hive off nine classification to analyse, first temperature, wise water flea, maos of jaw type and total zooplankton, the second group is tail worms and sword water flea, the third group, for young growing type , phytoplankton and jellyfish, show one hundred points of more close kinds of the classification in the zooplankton's clustering of sea area of small house of salt, perhaps the change of individual quantity is related. Basis season for four year, 8 pieces of main classification percentage of zooplankton, carry on cluster's analysis (CA ). In spring , show that the wise water flea's percentage (57.46% for 29.80% springs ) is higher for more independent classification , the change situation is relatively great. In summer , autumn and winter, the change in the period of eight pieces of classification percentage (0.001.23% ) is relatively great, it is more difficult to find out the dependence of the change. Salt small house the sea area the zooplankton the getting higher most,but belong to there aren't water flea and the tail worms not wise of classification not main , the result shows zooplankton's high content to summer, does not totally come from the wise water flea and contribution of tail worms, but the mutual contribution via most other classifications .