鋼結構建築之鋼構吊裝工法問題分析與改進研究

Abstract

鋼結構具有高強度､高韌性､耐震性佳､環境污染少，及施工速度快等特性，近百年來發展非常迅速，尤其是從 20 世紀下半葉起，隨著世界鋼鐵產量的大幅增加，加上近年來鋼鐵技術的不斷研發進步，以及耐震設計理念的更新，使得鋼結構建築物的安全性不斷提昇，目前已成為建築主流趨勢。相對地，鋼結構工程有別於傳統之鋼筋混凝土工程，其作業場所大部分屬於高空作業，墜落危險性高，易發生工安事故。且鋼柱安裝之垂直精度，往往影響後續有關界面之作業，如外牆帷幕及電梯工程，對整體建築物之美觀及使用性有相當關聯性。 為解決改善鋼結構建築作業場所，長期以來被人詬病之問題點，本研究希望藉由蒐集文獻及相關研討會論述發表之資料。並以鄰近台灣，同地處於環太平洋地震帶，位於歐亞大陸板塊與太平洋的菲律賓海板塊交界之處，且鋼結構工程技術居領先地位之日本為研究對象。其早已研發改進鋼結構建築吊裝方式朝向自動化及合理化，可作為台灣鋼結構產業借鏡學習之參考。 經由分析評估日本目前之鋼結構建築吊裝方式，認為「ACE UP無鋼索工法」較為適合採用，並以此工法實際演練應用於國內鋼結構建築案例。比較其與國內傳統吊裝工法之差異，並分析其品質、成本、工期、安全( QCDS )效益評估，達到品質提昇、成本降低、工期縮短、安全提昇之目標。另探討「ACE UP無鋼索工法」於國內之安全法規及專利工法之適用性，且於分析中發現其應用於建築面積廣大、超高樓層及高科技廠房，愈能發揮其使用效益。

The characteristics of the steel structure are high strength, high toughness, good seismic resistance, less environmental pollution and quick construction, etc. The steel structure was developed very quickly in recent century, especially since the second half of 20th century. Following the large increase of the worldwide steel production, the steel techniques were continuously developed and progressed in recent years and the ideal of seismic resistance design were renewed. These have made the safety of steel structural buildings been continuously upgraded. The steel structure has been the mainstream of the architecture. Corresponsively, the steel structural engineering is different from the traditional reinforced concrete ones. Most of its working sites are high up in the air, which has the danger of falling and easily results in industrial safety incidents. In addition, the vertical precision of installing a steel column usually affects the follow-up related interface works, such as external curtain wall works and elevator works. It has strong connections with the aesthetic and occupation of the entire architecture. In order to solve and to improve the long-term denounced problems at the steel structural construction site, this research is to analyze and to compare the collected documents and the papers issued in the related seminars.Such as Japan, which is close to Taiwan and is located at Circum-Pacific Seismic Zone as Taiwan is, located at the boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. Japan’s steel structural techniques are in the leading position. Japan has developed and improved the steel structural hanging method aiming at automation and rationalization. It could be the reference of learning for Taiwan’s steel structural industry.And study ‘ACEUP wireless method’ By analyzing and by assessing Japan’s present steel structural hanging system, it is regarded that the ‘ACEUP wireless method’ is suitable to be adopted. This method was also practically applied in a steel structural project in Taiwan. It is to compare the differences with domestic traditional hanging method and to analyze its Quality、Cost、Delivery、Safety (QCDS) benefits in order to reach the objectives of quality enhanced, cost reduced, construction period shortened and safety improved.Another study to apply to the legal rules and patent method of ‘ACEUP wireless method’.The analysis discovered when the ‘ACEUP wireless method’ is applied to a large construction area, skyscrapers or high-tech factories, its benefits would be much more obvious.