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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 駱尚廉 | |
dc.contributor.author | I-Chun Hung | en |
dc.contributor.author | 洪宜君 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T04:37:09Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2006-07-25 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2006-07-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2006-07-18 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/33374 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 硝酸鹽與亞硝酸鹽為地下水中常見污染物,以含氮肥料為主要滲入來源,若累積將危害環境生態與人體健康。現行處理技術包括薄膜逆滲透、離子交換、生物脫硝、化學還原法等。本研究主要探討成本低、時間短之化學還原技術。研究指出零價金屬擁有強大還原能力可用以去除水中硝酸鹽 (NO3-)及含鹵有機物(HOCs),其中以零價鐵與零價鋅為代表。然而,在降解硝酸鹽反應中發現零價鐵系統之產物幾乎皆為氨;零價鋅系統之產物為氮氣與氨。因此,本研究主要探討零價鋅系統降解硝酸鹽之氮氣產生比例。
雙金屬技術藉由金屬表面的直接接觸產生電子轉移的反應,可改善單一零價金屬之低反應活性與改變反應途徑而提升產氮氣比例。本研究以批次實驗分別選取銅、鈀、鎳、鉑等第二金屬作為與零價鋅合成雙金屬觸媒。實驗證明雙金屬可產生兩階段反應途徑:一、硝酸鹽被零價鋅降解為大量亞硝酸鹽與少量氨;二、雙金屬機制將亞硝酸鹽還原為氮氣及氨,產氮氣比例優於單一零價鋅系統。本研究結果顯示Pd/Zn0的雙金屬脫硝系統在最適操作條件下有最佳氮氣生成效果:(1)曝氮氣系統之產氮氣比例優於曝氬氣系統;(2)最適Pd/Zn0雙金屬加藥量為2.85 g/L;(3)氮氣產量隨第二金屬鈀之負載量增加而上升,並在10%時有最佳效果。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Nitrate derived mainly from nitrogenous fertilizer is one of common pollutants in groundwater, and it would endanger ecological environment and human health. Existing technologies embrace reverse osmosis, ion exchange, biological denitrification, chemical reduction and so forth. This study centered on low costs and short time chemical reduction technique in which zero-valent metal was taken as reaction material to degrade nitrate in water. In this study, the product of nitrate reduction by zero-valent iron is almost ammonium, and that by zero-valent zinc both nitrogen and ammonium dominated. Moreover, copper, palladium, nickel, and platinum were chosen as catalysts to promote the reaction of nitrate and zero-valent zinc, and Pd/Zn exhibited optimum results. Evidences show zero-valent zinc reduced nitrate to a great of nitrite and less ammonium, and then bimetallic Pd/Zn degrade nitrite to nitrogen and ammonium. Finally, experimental factors including Pd loadings, initial concentration of nitrate, amount of Pd/Zn usage, and kinds of exposing gas were taken into consideration in term of reaction rate and nitrogen selectivity.
With the abundance of data from experimental factors that reveal (1) Pd loadings increase, N2 yield increase; (2) initial concentration of nitrate is between 40 mg-N L-1 and 50 mg-N L-1, N2 yield raises to 36.5%; (3) amount of Pd/Zn usage reaches 0.5g and then N2 yield promotes to 64.4%; (4) 40% N2 yield can be obtained by exposing nitrogen and 5% Pd/Zn. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T04:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93541107-1.pdf: 5641506 bytes, checksum: d741a42f985f9f2453ec40b000110d9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 I
摘要 II Abstract III 表目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究緣起 1 1-2 研究目的與內容 3 第二章 文獻回顧 4 2-1 硝酸鹽氮之污染與危害 4 2-1-1 硝酸鹽氮之污染與其分佈範圍 4 2-1-2 硝酸鹽之危害 6 2-1-3 我國地下水水質標準 7 2-2 現行脫硝技術分析比較 8 2-2-1 生物脫硝 8 2-2-2 物化脫硝 10 2-3 零價金屬脫硝處理技術之探討 12 2-3-1 零價金屬處理技術 12 2-3-2 零價鐵脫硝反應之機制 13 2-3-2 零價鋁脫硝反應之機制 16 2-3-3 零價鋅脫硝反應之機制 17 2-3-4 零價金屬脫硝反應之參數因子 18 2-4 複合金屬( bimetallic )技術之探討 21 2-4-1 複合金屬對反應之影響 21 2-4-2 金屬觸媒催化機制 22 第三章 實驗方法及設備 24 3-1 實驗設計 24 3-2 反應材料之製備 24 3-2-1 微米級零價金屬 24 3-2-2 雙金屬之第二金屬選擇 25 3-3 批次實驗 27 3-3-1 微米級鈀鋅雙金屬動力試驗 27 3-3-2 曝氣種類動力試驗 27 3-3-3 鈀鋅雙金屬負載比例動力試驗 28 3-3-4 加藥量動力試驗 28 3-3-5 初始濃度動力試驗 28 3-3-6 陰離子干擾動力試驗 29 3-3-7 氮氣試驗 29 3-4 產物分析 30 3-4-1 離子層析儀 ( Ion Chromatography ) 30 3-4-2 氣相層析儀/熱導偵測器 ( GC-TCD ) 31 3-4-3 紫外光/可見光分光光譜儀 ( UV/VIS Spectrophotometer ) 33 3-5 表面分析 33 3-5-1場發射鎗掃描式電子顯微鏡 / 能量分散光譜儀 (Field Emission Scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, FEG-SEM / EDS) 33 第四章 結果與討論 35 4-1雙金屬材料之選擇與製備 35 4-1-1 基本金屬之選擇 35 4-1-2 第二金屬之選擇 41 4-2 鈀鋅雙金屬之動力實驗 49 4-2-1 鈀鋅雙金屬對硝酸鹽降解之動力實驗 49 4-2-2鈀鋅雙金屬對亞硝酸鹽降解之動力實驗 51 4-3 反應條件影響之動力實驗 53 4-3-1 曝氣種類影響之動力實驗 53 4-3-2 鈀鋅雙金屬負載比例影響之動力實驗 55 4-3-3 鋅粉加藥量影響之動力實驗 59 4-3-4 初始濃度影響之動力實驗 65 4-4 水中陰離子干擾之動力實驗 70 4-4-1 一價陰離子-氯 70 4-4-2 二價陰離子-硫酸根 72 4-4-3 三價陰離子-磷酸根 75 4-4-4 綜合比較 77 第五章 結論與建議 80 5-1 結論 80 5-2 建議 83 第六章 參考文獻 84 附錄 實驗數據 90 A:第一金屬選擇之脫硝動力試驗 90 B:第二金屬選擇之脫硝動力試驗 94 C:不同Pd/Zn、Cu/Zn雙金屬負載之脫硝動力試驗 98 D:曝氣種類之動力試驗 111 E:不同Pd/Zn雙金屬加藥量之動力試驗 113 F:不同濃度影響之脫硝動力試驗 121 G:陰離子干擾之脫硝動力試驗 125 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 零價鋅及鈀鋅雙金屬對水中硝酸鹽還原脫硝之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Reduction of Nitrate by Zero-valent Zinc and Pd/Zn Bimetallic Particles | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 94-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 馬鴻文,胡景堯 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 雙金屬,硝酸鹽,鈀,鋅,零價金屬, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Bimetallic,Nitrate,Palladium,Zero-valent,Zinc, | en |
dc.relation.page | 127 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2006-07-19 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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