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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 林正芳 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Long-Chen Fang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 方隆誠 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T04:12:22Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2007-07-30 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2006-07-30 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2006-07-24 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Allie Z., Jacobs E.P., Maartens A. and Swart P. (2003). Enzymatic cleaning of ultrafiltration membranes fouled by abattoir effluent. J. Membr. Sci., 218(1-2), 107-116.
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Membr. Sci., 211(1-2), 235-249. 劉世翔 (1997) 腐植酸官能基特性對PAC-UF程序的影響 國立台灣大學環境工程研究所碩士論文 蔡兆源 (2003) 質量平衡理論分析腐植酸對超濾薄膜之積垢現象 國立台灣大學環境工程研究所碩士論文 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/32616 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究目的利用生物性的清洗試劑，藉以降低清洗積垢後所產生的廢液問題、減少對薄膜的傷害，透過不同透膜壓差(100和135 kPa)和過濾時間(24和12 hr)，薄膜過濾腐植酸溶液後，利用酵素探討對薄膜上產生的不可逆積垢去除效率，並以阻力串聯模式分析阻力與去除效率之相關性。
從α- amylase和lipase的去除效率僅侷限於1~10%，主要因為薄膜積垢後，在薄膜表面上形成一致密的膠體層，導致孔隙率降低，使酵素易截留於此膠體層表面，因而去除效率不佳。相較於傳統的NaOH和citric acid有37%~63%和6 %~19 %的去除率，雖然酵素無較佳去除率，但NaOH和citric acid第一階段清洗完後，後續再以酵素清洗，均可提升去除效率，尤其是NaOH+α- amylase可至91%，意味著α- amylase和lipase可去除NaOH和citric acid無法去除的不可逆積垢；另一方面，FEG-SEM和AFM可觀察出NaOH和citric acid清洗後可使積垢表面膠體層孔隙率和粗糙度變大，增加α- amylase和lipase水解面積並提升其去除效率。 利用FTIR分析清洗前後，積垢物官能基的改變，反應出不可逆積垢與多醣類物質有直接相關性，經α- amylase清洗後，此多醣類物質的IR吸收強度明顯降低，推測不可逆積垢中有類似澱粉類物質(starch-like)潛在性。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The utilization of enzymatic detergents for membrane fouling control presents several advantages such as minimum membrane damage, easier neutralization of cleaning effluents and their biodegradability was evaluated using different enzyme. The removal of irreversible fouling, due to ultrafiltration of humic acid.
T he fouled membrane surfaces appears smoother than corresponding clean membrane sufaces. NaOH and citric acid were much more efficient than enzyme solution. The combination of alkaline, acid and enzyme however, was more effective than NaOH and citric acid alone. This implies that enzyme can remove the component that cannot be removed or degraded by NaOH or citric acid. The highest cleaning efficiency was observed with the combination of NaOH and α-amylase. FEG-SEM and AFM analyses elucidate that the lower roughness of fouled membrane than clean membrane, which implied increasing cleaning efficiency of α-amylase and lipase. FTIR spectra analysis were applied to see difference between the original membrane and the fouling membrane.When irreversible fouling resistance achieve one critical value, α- amylase was more cleaning efficiency than NaOH. The removal organic matter of irreversible fouling were difference with NaOH and α- amylase. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T04:12:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93541112-1.pdf: 3257391 bytes, checksum: dacd1896ac3712ad07f9c7353148d69c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 前言............................1
1.1 研究緣起...........................1 1.2 研究目的與內容.....................2 第二章 文獻回顧........................3 2.1 水中天然有機物.....................3 2.1.1 水中天然有機物基本性質與組成.....3 2.1.2 腐植質特性分析...................5 2.2 薄膜分離機制與應用.................9 2.2.1 分離機制.........................9 2.2.2 影響分離機制..................10 2.2.3 薄膜應用......................11 2.2.3.1 薄膜材質.......................12 2.2.3.2 薄膜形式.......................13 2.3 影響薄膜滲流率衰減之因子..........14 2.3.1 薄膜材質特性....................14 2.3.2 水質成分與操作參數..............17 2.4 薄膜積垢生成與清除................20 2.4.1 薄膜積垢生成....................20 2.4.2 薄膜積垢清除....................20 2.4.2.1 化學方式......................22 2.4.2.2 物理方式......................24 2.4.2.3 生物性方式....................25 2.4.2.4 改良操作方式..................25 2.5 酵素 ..............................27 2.5.1 酵素應用........................28 2.6 滲流率衰減之推估模式..............29 2.6.1 滲透壓模式......................31 2.6.2 質傳模式及邊界層模式............31 2.6.3 阻力串聯模式....................33 第三章 實驗材料與方法.................37 3.1 實驗內容與項目....................37 3.2 實驗設備..........................39 3.2.1 薄膜模組........................39 3.2.2 薄膜過濾與反洗設備..............40 3.3 薄膜過濾與清除積垢程序參數........42 3.3.1 薄膜參數........................42 3.3.2 進流液參數......................45 3.4 實驗步驟與方法....................48 3.4.1 配製腐植酸溶液..................48 3.4.2 清洗溶液之配置..................48 3.4.3 薄膜前處理......................48 3.4.4 薄膜過濾與積垢清除實驗..........49 3.4.5 積垢去除效率....................50 3.4.6 阻力模式分析....................51 3.5 分析儀器設備......................52 3.5.1 總有機碳(TOC)濃度...............52 3.5.3 場發射電子顯微鏡(FEG-SEM).......53 3.5.4 原子力顯微鏡(AFM)...............54 3.5.5 霍氏轉換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)........55 第四章 結果與討論....................56 4.1 滲流衰減與DOC去除率...............56 4.2 酵素清洗..........................58 4.2.1 酵素清洗機制與選擇..............58 4.2.2 酵素水解實驗....................61 4.2.3 時間的影響......................62 4.2.4 NaOH與citric acid之影響.........63 4.2.5 滲流回覆率......................66 4.3 FTIR分析腐植酸於薄膜上的積垢......69 4.4 操作參數對不可逆積垢去除之影響....72 4.4.1 透膜壓差影響....................72 4.4.2 過濾時間影響....................78 4.5 清洗前後薄膜表面概況..............81 4.5.1 FEG-SEM觀察.....................81 4.5.2 AFM觀察.........................86 4.6 NaOH與citrci acid在不同操作參數 對酵素清洗效率之影響..............88 4.7 不可逆積垢阻力分析................90 4.8 實廠評估..........................93 第五章 結論與建議......................95 5.1 結論..............................95 5.2 建議..............................97 參考文獻...............................98 附錄...................................106 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 以酵素清洗超濾薄膜過濾腐植酸之不可逆積垢與分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Enzymatic cleaning irreversible fouling of ultrafiltration membranes fouled by humic acid | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 94-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 郝晶瑾,李俊福,廖述良,吳家誠 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 不可逆積垢,酵素清洗,阻力串聯模式,超過濾薄膜, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Irreversible fouling,Enzymatic cleaning,Resistance in series model,Ultrafiltration, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 139 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2006-07-26 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境工程學研究所 | |
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