太陽能板應用於公有建築之效益研究－以圖書館建築為例

Abstract

太陽能源是目前應用最廣的再生能源之一，在台灣應用現況之下，以公有建築設置太陽能板居多，本研究選擇根據綠建築制度下通過綠建築標章之公有建築中，推廣效益最為貼近民眾之圖書館建築為案例種類，以台北市內公立圖書館為研究目標，根據具有太陽能板圖書館之實際發電量，分析其在日常用電上與未設有太陽能板之圖書館差異；並計算太陽能板建置成本在與目前政府推行之購電制度相互配合之下是否符合建置成本回收效益，以吸引業者願意在國內設置使用；最後則進一步分析案例使用太陽能板發電與以往使用火力發電作比較，在環境減少了多少溫室氣體的排放。 研究結果發現依照行政院所訂定，直轄市立圖書館用電指標(EUI)基準值為116(度/㎡．年)，在收集98、99年實際用電量後，發現研究案例圖書館皆在基準值以下，其中，為綠建築圖書館的北投及石牌分館之EUI值又比非綠建築圖書館來的低，可知太陽能板確實有發揮輔助用電之效果；在計算回收年限上，依據能源局所訂定太陽能發電躉購費率，再加上分館太陽能板發電量推算後，其回收年限已接近甚至低於發電板平均使用年限20年。最後則針對環境效益去做討論，評估太陽能板所生產的電力轉換為可減少溫室氣體之排放量，北投石牌兩分館太陽能板所產生之電力在使用年限內約可減少370噸二氧化碳排放量，約為一座大安森林公園一年可減少之碳排放量。 根據本研究分析實際發電成本、回收年限分析與對自然環境的貢獻下，驗證目前太陽能板在透過國內能源制度下，其整體效益是值得讓國內其他公共建築也設置太陽能板以達到全面落實的水準。

The solar power is one of the renewable energy resources that widely using in the world. By solar power using situation in Taiwan recently, the public buildings setting up solar panels is the most popular way than others. According to the public buildings that have already got the green building labels, this research choose the library buildings for the case study type because its benefit of promotion. Base on their realistic power generation by solar panels, analysis the different of the electricity using between the other two libraries without solar panels. And calculating the cost and benefit with setting up solar panels is coincidence or not under the renewable energy resource purchasing institution, that our government is pursuing these years, and according to the research, the results are attractive enough or not to let those industries set up solar panels in our country. Finally, this research compare to solar power generation and petrochemical power generation, how much greenhouse gas that solar power generation is reducing. The direct-controlled municipality’s energy usage index(also called EUI) is 116(kWh/㎡．year),which was drew up by the Executive Yuan. After collecting the libraries’ power generation data in 2009 and 2010 ,this research found that all of the libraries are lower than 116(kWh/㎡．year), and the Beitou and Shipai libraries are especially lower than the other two libraries that are not green building. Through the result we can know that the solar panels truly have saving energy effect. And on calculating the payback periods for the two libraries with solar panels, base on the solar energy price of the renewable energy resource purchasing institution and their realistic solar power generation, they are close even lower than 20 years(the solar panel lifetime). Finally is discussing with environment benefit, evaluating how much greenhouse gas could be reduced by solar panels electricity generating, and the results show that the Beitou and Shipai libraries’ solar panels can reduce about 370 ton CO2 in their lifetime, the amount almost equal to all the plants in the Daan forest park can reduce in one year. This research through analysis the cost of realistic solar power generation, the solar panel’s payback period and the contribution to nature environment by the public libraries in Taipei, the results can prove that the benefit is worth to let other public buildings to set up solar panels comprehensively through the energy institution in Taiwan