使用氯化鈣溶液之外氣空調箱除濕性能研究

Abstract

傳統空調系統使用冰水主機進行除濕，耗費大量電力。本研究使用低耗電之液體除濕系統，經實驗證明能有效移除空氣中水分達到除濕效果。液體除濕系統只需使用水泵和溶液泵，可獨立處理外氣濕度，相較於傳統空調系統，具有更佳的靈活性。 本研究之新型外氣空調箱設備的特色為：(1)結合淺層溫能應用；(2)吸收液除濕系統；(3)超飽和噴霧製冷與冷能回收等三項特點。本除濕系統係使用氯化鈣溶液作為吸收液，以實驗和數學理論模式相互結合，研究本系統之除濕性能。 本系統在外氣17.7 g/kg濕度比、空氣質量流率0.25 kg/s條件下，除濕後可降低空氣4.9 g/kg之濕度比，提供室內環境12.8 g/kg之濕度比，除濕效率可達到68 %。研究顯示當提高空氣與吸收液入口質量流率、空氣入口絕對濕度和吸收液入口濃度將會提高水分移除率。當降低空氣入口質量流率和提升吸收液入口質量流率將會提高除濕效率。

Traditional air conditioning systems use chillers for dehumidification. In this study, liquid-desiccant dehumidification is an effective method for extracting moisture from the air with relatively low energy consumption. In practice, the system requires power only for water pumps and solution pumps. In a liquid desiccant air conditioning system, humidity can be controlled individually, which has great advantages comparing to the traditional air-conditioning system. This study proposes a new type of make-up air system. The features are: (1) system coupling with geothermal energy, (2) liquid desiccant dehumidification, (3) super saturation spray cooling and cold energy recycling. Calcium Chloride aqueous solution was used as the liquid desiccant in this system. Dehumidification performance is studied with experimental and numerical method. Condition of the system is 17.7 g / kg humidity ratio for the inlet air, air flow rate is 0.25 kg/s, which can reduce 5 g/kg of the humidity ratio, and the indoor environment humidity ratio could achieve by 12.8 g/kg dehumidification efficiency can reach 70%. It was found that when increasing air and desiccant inlet flow rate, air inlet absolute humidity and desiccant inlet concentration, the moisture removal rate will be higher. When decreasing air inlet flow rate and increasing desiccant inlet flow rate, the dehumidifier effectiveness will be higher.