台灣周遭海域表水浮游植物色素分佈初探

Abstract

本研究顯示，台灣周遭海域表水總色素濃度分佈狀況呈現由大陸沿岸往台灣方向遞減的趨勢。總色素濃度最大值發現於閩江口外，總濃度分佈範圍為0.02μg/L~4.85μg/L。在台灣周遭海域共測得七種色素，分別為葉綠素甲、玉米黃素、葉綠素乙、岩藻黃素、19’己酰氧基岩藻黃素、19’丁酰氧基岩藻黃素以及矽甲黃素。葉綠素甲、葉綠素乙、矽甲黃素與岩藻黃素濃度均於閩江口外海發現最大值。玉米黃素之濃度分佈由南向北呈現遞減的趨勢，濃度最高值出現在高屏峽谷海域。 根據化學方法分析台灣周遭海域表水色素濃度值，並以化學分類法運算程式進行矩陣推演，結果得知，台灣海峽之浮游植物族群以矽藻分佈比例最高，為該海域之優勢族群。東部海域及台灣西南部海域的優勢族群則以藍綠藻為主，顯示台灣南北海域表水浮游植物優勢族群有明顯的差異。將高壓液相層析分析技術應用於色素定量分析，輔以化學分類法運算程式進行結果計算，確實可有效應用於大範圍海域浮游植物族群分佈狀態之探討。

This study focus on spatial variation of the phytoplankton pigments in coastal surface waters off Taiwan. Results show that the concentration of pigments were found highest near the Main land coast with decreasing trend toward Taiwan. The maximum concentration of chlorophyll a was found near the river mouth of Ming Jiay. Total pigments concentration range from 0.02μg/L to 4.85μg/L, there are seven pigments detected namely 19-Butaloxyfucoxathin, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Diadinoxathin, Fucoxathin, 19-Hexaloxyfucoxathin and Zeaxathin. The maximum concentration of Chlorophyll b, Diadinoxathin and Fucoxathin were also found near the river mouth of Ming Jiay. The distribution and abundance of phytoplankton were further reveal with community structure using CHEMTAX program with pigment measurements. The results indicated phytoplankton assemblages in this region. In coastal of Taiwan Strait, Diatom is the dominate plankton, but in the southern and eastern of Taiwan the main species were Cyanobateria. Pigment studies will be needed to clarify the driving forces for such unique variations.