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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林長平 | |
dc.contributor.author | Shu-Ling Liu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 劉淑玲 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T02:20:43Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-03-01 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-02-05 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-01-30 | |
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Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54: 1217-1226. Severin, H. H. P. 1950. Spittle insects vectors of Pierce’s disease virus. II. Life history and virus transmission. Hilgardia 19: 357-382. Tedeschi, R., and Alma, A. 2004. Transmission of apple proliferation phytoplasma by Cacopsylla melanoneura (Homoptera: Psyllidea). J. Econ. Entomol. 97: 8-13. Tedeschi, R., and Alma, A. 2006. Fieberiella florii (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha) as a vector of “Candidatus Phytoplasma mali”. Plant Dis. 90: 284-290. Tedeschi, R., Bosco, D., and Alma, A. 2002. Population dynamics of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Homoptera: Psyllidae), a vector of apple proliferation in northwestern Italy. J. Econ. Entomol. 95: 544-51. Tedeschi, R., Ferrato,V., Rossi, J., and Alma, A. 2006. Possible phytoplasma transovarial transmission in the psyllids Cacopsylla melanoneura and Cacopsylla pruni. Plant Pathol. 55: 18-24. Tedeschi, R., Visentin C., Alma, A., and Bosco D. 2003. Epidemiology of apple proliferation (AP) in northwestern Italy: evaluation of the frequency of AP-positive psyllids in naturally infected populations of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Homoptera: Psyllidae). Ann. Appl. Biol. 142: 285-90. The IRPCM Phytoplasma/ Spiroplasma Working Team-Phytoplasma taxonomy group. 2004. ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, a taxon for the wall-less, non-helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54: 1243-1255 Westwood, M. N., and Cameron, H. R. 1978. Environment-induced remission of pear decline symptoms. Plant Dis. Rep. 62: 176-179. Yang, I. L. 1969. Studies on witches’ broom of sweet potato in Taiwan. Taiwan J. Agric. Res. 18: 50-60. Yang, I. L. 1988. Witches‘s broom diseases of sweet potato and peanut in Taiwan. Ph. D. Thesis. Hokkanido Univ., Jpn. Yang, M. M., Huang, J. H., and Li, F. 2004. A New Record of Cacopsylla Species (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) from Pear Orchards in Taiwan. Formosan Entomol. 24: 213-220. Zreik, L., Carle, P., Bove´ , J. M. and Garnier, M. 1995. Characterization of the mycoplasmalike organism associated with witches’-broom disease of lime and proposition of a ‘Candidatus’ taxon for the organism, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45: 449-453. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30913 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究成功地利用semi-nested PCR由媒介昆蟲中國梨木蝨全DNA中增幅出1,761 bp及1,783 bp 植物菌質體rRNA基因序列之PCR產物,經由選殖定序及比對分析,顯示其分別為前人於研究台灣梨衰弱病 (pear decline-Taiwan, PDTW) 時所發現屬於group 16SrX之PDTW phytoplasma與另一屬於group 16SrII之PDTWII phytoplasma之16S rDNA, 16S-23S rDNA integenic spacer及部分之23S rDNA序列。根據上述PDTW與PDTWII植物菌質體之rRNA基因序列,在本研究中分別設計出PDTW phytoplasma之專一性引子對fPD2/ rPDs1配合APf3/ rPDs1,以及PDTWII phytoplasma之專一性引子對II-Pf1/ II-Pr1配合IIPf2/ IIPr1,作為後續探討田間發病生態及媒介昆蟲帶菌情形PCR或semi-nested PCR檢測之工具。本研究藉由中國梨木蝨咬食傳菌試驗,證實PDTW phytoplasma以及PDTWII phytoplasma皆能由中國梨木蝨傳播至梨株;此外,嫁接傳菌試驗亦由田間罹病梨株枝條將PDTW phytoplasma及PDTWII phytoplasma傳至日日春植株。於2006年在和平地區田間亦發現感染PDTWII phytoplasma之罹病梨株,並已出現梨樹葉片葉緣向內捲曲、葉尖向後翻捲而變形之病徵,其梨株內PDTWII phytoplasma之 rDNA序列與中國梨木蝨蟲體內及嫁接日日春植株內之PDTWII phytoplasma之rDNA序列完全相同。在本研究中於2005年8月份以PCR技術監測新竹尖石鄉地區之中國梨木蝨,發現其蟲體內同時帶有PDTW phytoplasma與PDTWII phytoplasma,隨後當地在2006年9月份始發現出現葉片紅化與捲葉病徵之疑似罹病株,即分別以 PDTW phytoplasma及PDTWII phytoplasma之專一性引子對進行偵測且均能獲得PCR片段,將該PCR產物作進一步之選殖、定序與比對後,發現梨株內同時存在了PDTW phytoplasma與 PDTWII phytoplasma。整合上述研究結果顯示台灣梨衰弱病之發病範圍已逐年擴大,目前田間數量較大且具族群優勢之中國梨木蝨可同時傳播二種梨衰弱病植物菌質體,而且此二種植物菌質體在田間梨樹能造成複合感染。本論文亦針對罹病梨樹、黔梨木蝨及中國梨木蝨進行TEM切片觀察,分別於植物之韌皮部薄壁細胞、篩管以及二種蟲體之腸壁組織中,皆觀察到植物菌質體。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | PCR-based detection strategies were applied in the etiology and vectorship studies of pear decline in Taiwan (PDTW). The 16S rDNA sequences were amplified from the total DNAs prepared from PDTW-affected pear trees and pear psylla Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang and Li) with PCR. Based on the sequence analyses, phytoplasmas of two different 16S rDNA groups, 16SrII and 16SrX, were revealed to be associated with PDTW-affected pear trees and carried by C. chinensis (Yang and Li). For detection purposes, specific primers IIPf1/ IIPr1 along with IIPf2/ IIPr1 for group 16SrII-PDTW phytoplasma, PDTWII phytoplasma, and fPD2/ rPDs1 along with APf3/ rPDs1 for group 16SrX-PDTW phytoplasma, PDTW phytoplasma, had been developed and applied in semi-nested PCR. The 16S rDNA sequences of PDTW and PDTWII phytoplasmas amplified from diseased pear tree and those amplified from C. chinensis were identical. Transmission trials of phytoplasmas associated with PDTW to healthy pear plants were carried out with C. chinensis. One of the 17 tested plants was affected with both PDTW and PDTWII phytoplasmas and ten of the 17 tested plants were affected with PDTWII phytoplasma. In grafting tests, PDTW and PDTWII phytoplasmas were transmitted from the same diseased pear to periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don). Phytoplasma bodies were examined in the sieve tube elements and phloem parenchyma cells of the diseased plants and in cells of intestine wall of C. chinensis and C. qianli by using transmission electron microscopy. | en |
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dc.description.tableofcontents | 壹、前言……………………………………………………………………….....1
貳、前人研究……………………………………………………………………3 一、植物菌質體病害與其特性…………………………………………………...3 二、植物菌質體之分類與其感染寄主植物之情形………………………....4 三、媒介昆蟲傳播植物菌質體病害之特性……………………….................6 四、梨衰弱病之相關研究………………………………………………….......8 五、台灣梨衰弱病之病徵、病原與其媒介昆蟲之研究………………......10 參、材料與方法………………………………………………………………13 一、研究材料……………………………………………………………………13 (一)研究材料來源……………………………………………………………..13 (二)研究材料全DNA之純化………………………………………………….13 1.梨樹全DNA之純化……………………………………………………….13 2.昆蟲全DNA之純化………………………………………………………14 二、中國梨木蝨體內植物菌質體16S rDNA全長序列之增幅與選殖……...15 (一)聚合酵素連鎖反應偵測中國梨木蝨體內之植物菌質體………………15 (二)聚合酵素連鎖反應產物之純化與選殖………………………………….17 1.聚合酵素連鎖反應產物之純化………………………………………….17 2.聚合酵素連鎖反應產物之選殖....……………………………………….17 (三)聚合酵素連鎖反應產物轉形株之特性分析…………………………….19 1.微量純化質體DNA (plasmid DNA mini preparation) ………………….19 2.重組質體嵌入片段大小之分析………………………………………….20 3.重組質體嵌入DNA之核苷酸定序與其序列分析……………………...20 三、罹病梨株與媒介昆蟲穿透式電子顯微鏡之觀察………………………21 (一)罹病梨株之電顯切片製作與觀察…………………………………………21 (二)媒介昆蟲之電顯切片製作與觀察…………………………………………22 四、台灣梨衰弱病之傳菌試驗……………………………………………...22 (一)媒介昆蟲咬食傳菌試驗及傳菌梨株內植物菌質體之PCR檢測..……..23 1.中國梨木蝨之咬食接種實驗…………………………………………….23 2.傳菌試驗之蟲體及梨株全DNA之純化…………………………………23 3.以PCR檢測傳菌試驗之蟲體與梨株之植物菌質體.……..……………24 (二)罹病梨接穗嫁接日日春試驗…………………………………………….24 1.嫁接日日春全DNA之純化……………………………………………….24 2.以PCR檢測嫁接日日春植株之植物菌質體..…………………………..24 五、PDTWII phytoplasma及PDTW phytoplasma聚合酵素連鎖反應專一性引子對之研發...............................................................................................25 六、台灣梨衰弱病之生態調查……………………………………………...25 (一)田間帶菌昆蟲之監測…………………………………………………….26 (二)台灣梨衰弱病田間發病生態之調查…………………………………26 肆、結果..........................................................................................................28 一、研究材料……………………………………………………………………28 二、中國木蝨體內植物菌質體16S rDNA全長之增幅與選殖……………....28 三、罹病梨株與媒介昆蟲穿透式電子顯微鏡之觀察………………………..30 四、台灣梨衰弱病之傳菌試驗……………………………………………...31 五、PDTWII phytoplasma及PDTW phytoplasma聚合酵素連鎖反應專一性引子對之研發...................................................................................................33 六、台灣梨衰弱病之生態調查……………………………………………...34 伍、討論……………………………………………………………………….36 一、台灣梨衰弱病媒介昆蟲之探討………………………………………...36 二、台灣梨衰弱病發病生態之探討………………………………………...40 三、台灣梨衰弱病田間調查與防治策略之探討………………………......41 四、台灣梨衰弱病菌質體之電顯病理研究……………………………......43 五、結語…………………………………………………………………………44 陸、參考文獻…………………………………………………………………45 柒、中文摘要…………………………………………………………………...54 捌、英文摘要…………………………………………………………………...56 玖、圖表……………………………………………………………………….57 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 台灣梨衰弱病二種植物菌質體之探討 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Phytoplasmas of Two Different 16S rDNA Groups are Associated with Pear Decline in Taiwan | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 徐世典,曾國欽,楊曼妙,洪挺軒 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 中國梨木蝨,黔梨木蝨,媒介昆蟲,聚合連鎖酵素反應(PCR),台灣梨衰弱病,植物菌質體, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Cacopsylla chinensis,C. qianli,PCR,pear decline,insect vector,phytoplasma, | en |
dc.relation.page | 83 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-01-31 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物病理與微生物學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
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ntu-96-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 2.03 MB | Adobe PDF |
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