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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 楊信男(Shin-Nan Yang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Chun Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳佑駿 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T01:40:15Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-07-17 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-07-17 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-13 | |
dc.identifier.citation | BIBLIOGRAPHY
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30159 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 對於核子波形因子的量測,近代的極化實驗所得的結果,和以前非極化實驗所得的結果對比時,雖在低動量交換時能夠一致,但在高動量交換時卻有巨大的不同。為要解決這個迷題,雙光子交換在彈性電子質子碰撞中的效應開始被注重起來。我們透過部份子的模型,計算雙光子交換的貢獻。我們發現,當加入雙光子交換的貢獻後,能很好的解決之前兩種實驗所得結果嚴重衝突的問題。如今我們明白,雙光子交換的效應,在量測核子的波形因子時伴演了很重要的角色。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | When measuring the nucleon form factors, recent polarization experiments at the Thomas
Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) have confirmed the earlier Rosenbluth measurements from SLAC at small Q2. However, at large Q2, a huge discrepancy appear between them. To solve this puzzle, the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer by using a quark-parton representation of virtual Compton scattering was estimated. And then we thus can relate the two-photon exchange amplitude to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide angle scattering processes. We find that the interference of one- and two-photon exchange contribution is able to substantially resolve the difference between electric form factor measurements from Rosenbluth and polarization transfer experiments. Now we know higher-order QED effects can play an important role in precision measurements of nucleon elastic form factors in electron scattering. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T01:40:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-D91222006-1.pdf: 972955 bytes, checksum: f587bf35b028a4e6c495a52ccc6272ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Acknolwedgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii CHAPTER 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Elastic electron-nucleon scattering in one-photon exchange approximation and the nucleon form factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 Kinematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 Form factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.1 Rutherford scattering and Mott scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.2 Modified Mott scattering with charge density distribution . . . . . 12 2.2.3 Elastic electron-nucleon scattering from QED . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.3 Elastic electron-nucleon scattering in one-photon exchange . . . . . . . . 17 3 Elastic electron-nucleon scattering with two-photon exchange . . . . . . . . 21 3.1 General scattering amplitude in elastic electron-nucleon scattering . . . . 21 3.1.1 Scattering amplitude with two-photon exchange process . . . . . 22 3.1.2 General scattering amplitude in two-photon exchange approximation 24 3.2 Observables of the elastic electron-nucleon scattering . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3 How to Reconcile the Rosenbluth and the Polarization transfer methods? . 27 3.3.1 The first approximation by using general scattering amplitude . . 27 3.3.2 Two-photon exchange contributions to elastic electron-proton scattering cross sections in a simple hadronic model . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.4 Model independent extraction of two-photon exchange effect . . . . . . . 33 4 Generalized parton distributions formalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.1 Definition of generalized parton distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.2 Form factors sum rules in generalized parton distributions . . . . . . . . . 42 4.3 Gaussian ansatz (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.4 Small t behavior and Regge parametrization (R1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.5 Large t behavior and modified Regge parametrization (R2) . . . . . . . . 47 4.6 Results for different parametrization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5 Two photon exchange contribution with handbag approximation . . . . . . 53 5.1 Two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-quark scattering . . 55 5.2 Results for two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-quark scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.3 The handbag calculation of the two-photon exchange contribution to the elastic electron-nucleon scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.4 Results for elastic electron nucleon scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5.4.1 Cross section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5.4.2 Polarization transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.4.3 Single spin asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.4.4 Positron-proton vs. electron-proton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.4.5 Possibilities at lower juj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.4.6 Rosenbluth determinations of GE=GM including 2-photon corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 6 Summary and conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 APPENDIX A Cross section and polarization results in the axial-vector representation . . . . 88 A.1 Form factors and observables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 A.2 Electron-quark elastic scattering amplitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 A.3 Embedding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 APPENDIX B Quark mass sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 B.1 Kinematics, and imaginary parts of the hard amplitudes . . . . . . . . . . 92 B.2 Real parts of hard two-photon exchange amplitudes with finite quark mass 93 Vita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 雙光子交換對電子核子碰撞的貢獻 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Two-Photon Exchange Effect in the Elastic Electron-Nucleon Scattering | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李湘楠,張志義(Chi-Yee Cheung),趙挺偉,何小剛,章文箴,張敬民,鄭海洋 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 核子波行因子,雙光子交換,彈性核子碰撞,部分子,質子,中子, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | nucleon form factors, two-photon exchange, elastic scattering, partonic, proton,, | en |
dc.relation.page | 99 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-07-13 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 物理研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 物理學系 |
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