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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 李達源(Dar-Yuan Lee) | |
dc.contributor.author | Chia-Jung Cheng | en |
dc.contributor.author | 鄭佳容 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T01:03:10Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-08-01 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-07-27 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-23 | |
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Environ. Sci. Technol. 39:6208-6216. Thornton, E. C., and J. E. Amonette. 1999. Hydrogen sulfide gas treatment of Cr(VI)-contaminated sediment samples from a plating-waste disposal site- Implications for in-situ remediation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33: 4096-4101. Williams, A.G. B., and M. M. Scherer. 2001. Kinetics of Cr(VI) reduction by carbonate green rust. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35: 3488-3494. Yu, P. F., K. W. Juang, and D. Y., Lee. 2004. Assessment of the phytotoxicity of chromium in soils using the selective ion exchange resin extraction method. Plant and Soil. 258: 333-340. Zachara, J. M., C. C. Ainsworth, C. E. Cowan, and C. T. Resch. 1989. Adsorption of chromate by subsurface soil horizons. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53: 418-428. Zhao, D., A. K. SenGupta, and L. Stewart. 1998. Selective removal of Cr(VI) oxyanions with a new anion exchanger. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37: 4383-4387. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/29236 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 鉻在土壤環境中主要以三價和六價兩種氧化態存在;其中Cr(III)的型態為Cr3+,而Cr(VI)則以Cr2O72-或CrO42-的陰離子型態存在。目前整治鉻汙染土壤方法之一,為添加堆肥等有機質材,使較高毒性、移動性較大的Cr(VI)還原成Cr(III),則可降低鉻汙染土壤中有效性六價鉻含量,但鹼性土壤中施用堆肥降低有效性六價鉻含量之效果較酸性土壤差。本研究旨在探討將Fe(II)或連二亞硫酸鈉(Na2S2O4)等化學還原劑施於Cr(VI)汙染之鹼性土壤,降低有效性六價鉻含量的效果。
本研究選用將軍系及太康系兩種未受鉻汙染之鹼性土壤表土,並添加K2Cr2O7溶液後經三次乾濕交替模擬田間狀況,使其含有0、250、500及1000 mg Cr(VI) kg-1 soil。還原劑則選用硫酸亞鐵(FeSO4)、硫酸亞鐵銨(Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2)、連二亞硫酸鈉(以0.05 M K2CO3配製)、硫酸亞鐵-連二亞硫酸鈉(莫耳數比4:1)混合溶液和硫酸亞鐵銨-連二亞硫酸鈉(莫耳數比4:1)混合溶液等五種處理,其添加量(當量數)相當於存在土壤中Cr當量數之0.5倍、1倍及5倍。添加還原劑及蒸餾水至土壤飽和容水量後,風乾樣本以銅飽和之選擇性離子交換樹脂(DOWEX M4195)測定土壤中有效性六價鉻含量,並以X光吸收近邊緣結構光譜(X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, XANES)測定處理前後土壤中鉻存在型態變化。 樹脂抽出結果顯示,還原劑添加量越高,土壤有效性六價鉻抽出含量越低,表示選用之還原劑皆具有降低土壤中有效性六價鉻含量之能力。由於Na2S2O4適於在中性偏鹼的環境將土壤中Fe(III)還原成Fe(II),以進行Fe(II)與土壤中Cr(VI)之氧化還原反應,故添加K2CO¬¬3作為緩衝溶液並提高Na2S2O4¬還原力,結果顯示有效性六價鉻含量確實隨Na2S2O4添加量的提高而降低,且反應前後土壤pH皆為8左右;而Fe(II)穩定存在於低pH環境,當Fe(II)溶液pH值越低,土壤中有效性Cr(VI)含量越明顯低於添加相同當量數之Na2S2O4處理,當含Fe(II)還原劑溶液pH < 1時,能夠降低96 %土壤有效性六價鉻含量,然而土壤pH隨pH < 1 Fe(II)溶液加入,大幅降低至3.5。為同時兼具降低土壤有效性六價鉻及調整鹼性土壤pH至中性範圍之目的,本試驗以4:1 (mol/ mol) 混合Fe(II)與Na2S2O4兩種還原劑,溶液於pH 1-6範圍內不僅能夠降低67 %-72 %土壤中有效性六價鉻含量,且復育後土壤pH能降低至7.0-7.8;pH 1.4含Fe(II)還原劑能夠使土壤pH降低至6.7,相同pH之混合還原劑降低土壤pH至7.0-7.2,而混合還原劑降低有效性六價鉻含量之效果略高於含Fe(II)還原劑。另外,由XANES結果顯示,所有還原劑處理後土壤中Cr(VI)/ Cr(III)比例均降低,表示土壤中Cr(VI)確實被還原成Cr(III)而非以Cr(VI)型態被土壤吸持。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | There are two oxidation states of chromium in the environment, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Chromium(III) is easily precipitated and adsorbed by soils, contrarily, Cr(VI) that exists as Cr2O72- or CrO42- is more mobile and soluble than Cr(III). Since the toxicity and mobility of Cr(VI) are higher than that of Cr(III), the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by applied composts could be a feasible method to reduce available Cr(VI) in soils. However, in alkaline soils, the efficiency of compost amendments to reduce the Cr(VI) availability is lower than that in acid soils. In this study, Fe(II) and sodium dithionite solutions were added into Cr(VI)-spiked soils and their effects on the decrease of availability of Cr(VI) were investigated.
Two representative alkaline soils of Taiwan, Chingchung (Cf) and Taikang (Tk), were treated with K2Cr2O7 solution to reach the level of 0, 250, 500, and 1000 mg Cr kg-1 soil respectively. The soils then underwent three wetting-drying cycles at room temperature to mimic field conditions. Reductants, as electron donors, FeSO4, Na2S2O4, Fe(NH4)2(SO¬4)2, mixture of FeSO4 and Na2S2O4 (4:1 mol/ mol), or mixture of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 and Na2S2O4 (4:1 mol/ mol) were applied to Cr(VI) spiked soils. The application rates (number of equivalents) of reductants were 0.5, 1 and 5 folds of number of equivalents of Cr presented in soils. Distilled water were added into soil samples to reach water holding capacity, then soil samples were air-dried at room temperature. The Cr(VI)-spiked soil samples, with and without reductant amendments, were evaluated for the availability of Cr(VI) in soils with DOWEX M4195 selective ion exchange resin extraction method, and the Cr(VI) on solid the X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) was used to identify the species of Cr in soils. The results showed that the level of resin-extractable Cr(VI) in reductant-treated soils was lower than the level in the control of Cr(VI)-spiked soils, and the decrease of available Cr(VI) content in soil depended on the amounts of reductants added. Previous studies proposed that the S2O42- of Na2S2O4 with K2CO3 buffer solution was more stable than that without the buffered solution. In order to create an optimal pH condition to reduce Fe(III) of soils into Fe(II), the Na2S2O4 was prepared with 0.05 M K2CO3. The available Cr(VI) content decreased while the soil pH(about 8)decreased slightly after adding the buffered Na2S2O4 solution. The Fe(II) solutions were adjusted to pH < 1 to be more effective in reducing Cr(VI) into Cr(III). Although this reductant was most effective in reducing Cr(VI) into Cr(III), the pH of Cr(VI)-spiked soils decreased the soil pH to 3.5. In order to increase the efficiency of Cr(VI) reduction and alter the soil pH to neutral, the two solutions were mixed to a 4:1 (mol/ mol) ratio at pH between 1-6. The addition of the mixed reductants decreased by 67 %-72 % of the available Cr(VI) content in alkaline soils and only decreased the pH to 7.0-7.8. The addition of the Fe(II) reductants at pH 1.4 decreased the soil pH to 6.7. The mixed Fe(II) and Na2S2O4 at pH 1.4 decreased the soil pH to 7.0-7.2 and reduced more availale-Cr(VI) content than the Fe(II) reductants. The XANES spectra of reductant-treated soils indicated that the intensity of Cr(VI) peak was smaller than that of the control of the Cr(VI)-spiked soil. This observation suggested most of the spiked Cr(VI) was reduced into Cr(III). | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T01:03:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R94623003-1.pdf: 631349 bytes, checksum: 0ced0186b27b929cb2871bc2c11cc395 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
口試委員會審定書 謝誌……………………………………………………………………………………I 摘要 (中文) ………………………………………………………………………....III 摘要 (英文) ……………………………………………………………………..….. V 目錄 ………………………………………………………………………………. VII 表次 ……………………………………………………………………………....... IX 圖次 ………………………………………………………………………………... XI 壹、緒論 1 1.1環境中重金屬汙染………………………………………………………….1 1.2環境中Cr型態與行為…………...…………………….………..………….1 1.3樹脂萃取土壤中六價鉻……………………………....…...………………. 4 1.4 Cr(VI)汙染環境之復育技術…………….…………………...……….…….6 貳、材料與方法 9 2.1選擇性離子交換樹脂………………...…………………….…………… 9 2.1.1 選擇性離子交換樹脂之製備……...………………….……………. 9 2.1.2 樹脂袋之製備………………………...………………………..…… 9 2.2供試土壤………………………………………………………………....11 2.2.1 土壤樣品選定及理化性質分析…………………………….……....11 2.2.2未汙染土壤添加鉻處理………………………………………..……13 2.2.3 供試土壤依存在土壤Cr當量數添加還原劑處理…………..…….14 2.2.4 改變還原劑pH值對土壤有效性六價鉻含量的影響…………….…15 2.2.5 以選擇性離子交換樹脂抽出法評估添加化學還原劑處理Cr(VI)汙染土壤降低土壤有效性Cr(VI) 之效果………………………..………16 2.2.6 添加化學還原劑後對土壤可萃取鐵含量的影響…….….……….....17 2.2.7 X光吸收近邊緣結構光譜(X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, XANES)測定之供試土壤製備…………………….….18 2.2.8 X光吸收近邊緣結構光譜(XANES)測定……………………..…….18 2.3 統計分析…………………………………………………...……………..19 參、結果與討論 20 3.1 供試土壤…………………………………………………………….……20 3.1.1供試土壤之基本性質……………………………………………..….21 3.1.2 供試土壤之樹脂抽出有效性Cr(VI)含量…………………………..22 3.1.3 添加還原劑對土壤中樹脂有效性六價鉻含量的影響 .………..…25 3.1.4 X光吸收近邊緣結構光譜(X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, XANES)測定…………...…………………………..52 肆、結論 59 伍、參考文獻 60 陸、附錄 67 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 評估含Fe(II)及連二亞硫酸鈉之還原劑降低汙染土壤六價鉻有效性之效果 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Evaluation of the effectiveness of Fe(II) and sodium dithionite on decreasing Cr(VI) availability of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王敏昭(Ming-Chao Wang),鄒裕民(Yu-Min Tzou),何聖賓(Sheng-Bin Ho),陳尊賢(Zueng-Sang Chen) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 鉻汙染鹼性土壤,選擇性離子交換樹脂,有效性六價鉻含量,Fe(II), | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Cr-contaminated alkaline soil,Dowex M4195 selective ion exchange resin,availability of Cr(VI),Fe(II), | en |
dc.relation.page | 66 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-07-25 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 農業化學系 |
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