以數學規劃法作內熱整合蒸餾塔最適化設計

Abstract

由於石油價格持續高漲，高耗能之化學工業開始重視能源議題，而其中又以蒸餾程序佔約45%的能源耗損為最多，因此在新替代能源還在研發之同時，提升現有程序之能源使用效率是當務之急。目前對於蒸餾程序之改善已有許多研究，本文將針對其中利用內部能量整合之技術進行深入討論。 內熱整合蒸餾塔(Heat-integrated Distillation Column, HIDiC)之研究在日本與荷蘭已行之多年，以往研究著重於HIDiC之能源節省方面，本文利用數學規劃法提出一普遍且完整之模式，其中包含能量使用以及年總成本之計算，期望可以在省能效益與經濟效益之中取得平衡，可直接決定當年總成本最小時之設計，並且藉由模擬可深入討論傳統蒸餾塔與HIDiC之適用時機，發現當能源價格暴漲，或蒸汽再壓縮機與電力價格下降時，HIDiC在成本上之競爭力即可提升。

Due to the uprising price of crude oil, the chemical industries with higher energy consumption are forced to face the energy issue. In chemical industries, the distillation processes account for 45% of total energy consumption. Before the renewable energy can replace the fossil energy completely, it is crucial to improve the energy efficiency of present processes. Nowadays there are many studies about distillation process improvement. This thesis will discuss the design of internal energy-integrated distillation processes. Studies about the internally heat-integrated distillation column (HIDiC) have been investigated for many years. Those studies focused on energy savings of HIDiC. This study will bring up a general and complete model involving energy consumption and total annual costs calculation by mathematical programming approach. It is expected to get balance between energy savings and economical benefits. This model will directly determine the design with minimal TAC and discuss the proper opportunities to use conventional distillation and HIDiC. It is finally discovered that the competitiveness of HIDiC on TAC will increase when the energy price rises suddenly and sharply or the investment cost of the gas compressor and the cost of electricity declines.