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標題: | 捷運車輛之動態模擬 Dynamical Simulation of Rapid Transit Vehicles |
作者: | Hung-Hsiang Ho 何鴻翔 |
指導教授: | 吳文方 |
關鍵字: | 軌道車輛,軌道不平整,穩定度,鋼輪磨平,出軌,彎軌,地震, railway vehicle,track irregularity,stability,wheelflat,derailment,curved track,earthquake, |
出版年 : | 2007 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 在以往的研究中,有許多學者建立過不同的軌道車輛動態分析模型,但這些模型許多都太過簡易,以致表現出的動態特性與列車的實際行駛狀況有所差異,因此本研究在不考慮車輛縱向加速度及上下顛簸兩種情況,但考慮車輪圓錐度、軌道不平整、潛滑力等因素後,提出了一28個自由度的軌道車輛動態分析模型,並依據美國聯邦鐵路局所訂定的軌道不平整能量頻譜密度函數為主要輸入,來模擬軌道車輛於各種不同的行駛條件下的動態響應。本論文除針對軌道車輛懸吊系統、行駛速度、負重、鋼輪磨平、軌道等級等不同因素,進行模擬、比較外,也探討車輛於高承載狀況下,在直軌和彎軌行駛時動態響應的不同,並以Nadal ratio與輪軸減重率兩種安全指標進行安全評估;最後也對台北捷運局規定捷運車輛在遭遇四級地震時必須停駛的措施作評比,探討車輛遇到此突發狀況是否會出軌,以確保行車安全。研究結果顯示,列車於高承載並行駛於彎軌時,其輪軸組的橫向位移量較無承載時大了數倍,且隨著曲率的增加而增大;而軌道等級的不同也會影響橫向位移的大小,其中一級軌道狀況對輪軸組所造成的位移量幾為其他軌道等級的數倍;此外,高承載下的行駛,會使得輪軸組的橫向位移量較低承載時早超出規定的上限值6 mm,並增加出軌的風險;最後,列車在直軌段行駛突遇四級地震時,輪軸組的橫向位移雖超出規定值而有輪緣接觸的情況,但在安全評估方面,則因計算出來的Nadal ratio與輪軸減重率皆仍在標準範圍內,所以乘客在搭乘列車遇此突發狀況時,仍應是安全的。 A 28-degree–of-freedom dynamical model is established in the present study to simulate the responses of rapid transit vehicles. The model takes wheel conicity, creep force, track irregularity, etc. into consideration. Among them, the power spectral density function of track irregularity proposed by US Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is considered the major input. Dynamical simulation of rapid transit vehicles under various suspensions, vehicle velocities, loads, wheelflats, and track irregularities are performed and compared. The investigation also covers situations when the vehicle is fully loaded of passengers and moves on either straight or curved tracks. Both Nadal ratio and wheel load reduction ratio are used to evaluate the possibility of vehicle derailment. Whether it is necessary to stop operation at the occurrence of an earthquake of intensity four as the regulation set by Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation is investigated as well. Through the study, it is found that, when the railway vehicle is fully loaded of passengers and runs at curved tracks, the lateral displacement of the wheelset is several-time greater than that of the empty train. The displacement increases as the curvature increases. The degree of track irregularity also affects the lateral displacement of the wheelset. In particular, the displacement caused by track irregularity of level one is several-time greater than that caused by track irregularities of other levels. It may exceed the limit value of 6 mm set by Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation when the vehicle is fully loaded of people. Finally, when an earthquake of intensity four occurs, although the phenomenon of wheel contact may occur, the calculated Nadal ratio and wheel load reduction ratio remain within their limit values. Therefore, it is still considered safe to passengers. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28794 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 機械工程學系 |
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