請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28678
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 潘文涵 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Pei Hsueh | en |
dc.contributor.author | 薛宇佩 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T00:17:01Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-08-08 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-08 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-27 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 1. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2005 Update. Dallas, Tex: American Heart Association, 2005.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Preventing heart disease and stroke. Available at: httpt/www.cdc.gov/Nccdphp/bbheartdisease/index.htm. 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. National Diabetes Surveillance System : Prevalence of diabetes. Available at: httpt/www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/prev/National/ figpersons.htm. 4. 衛生統計資訊網,http://www.doh.gov.tw/statistic/index.htm. 5. Doll R, Peto R, Wheatley K, et al. Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ 1994;309:901-911. 6. MacMahan S, Peto R, Cutler J, et al. Blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease. Part 1, prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet 1990;335:765-774. 7. Pocock SJ, Shaper AG, Phillips AN, et al. Concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol in ischemic heart disease. BMJ 1989;298:998-1002. 8. Fox CS, Coady S, Sorlie PD, et al. Increasing cardiovascular disease burden due to diabetes mellitus: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2007;115:1544-1550. 9. Kannel WB and McUe DL. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: The Framingham study. JAMA 1979;241:2035-2038. 10. Pyorala K, Laakso M, Uusitupa M, et al. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: An epidemiologic view. Diabetes Metab Rev 1987;3:463-524. 11. Laakso M and Lehto S. Epidemiology of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Atherosclerosis 1998;137:S65-S73. 12. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Riinemaa T, et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:229-234. 13. Kylin ES. Hypertonie-Hyperglykanie-Hyperurikaniesyndrom. Zentralblatt for Innere Medizin 1923;44:105-127. 14. Reaven GM. Banting Lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988;37:1595-1607. 15. Expert Panel on Detection Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486-2497. 16. Gundy SM, Cleeman I, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation. 2005;112:2735-2752. 17. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ and Shaw J. The metabolic syndrome-a new worldwide definition. Lancet 2005;366:1059-1062. 18. Ford ES, Giles WH and Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002;287:356-359. 19. Hwang LC, Bai CH and Chen CJ. Prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2006;105:626-635. 20. Chen HJ and Pan WH. Probable blind spot in the International Diabetes Federation definition of metabolic syndrome. Obesity 2007;15:1096–1100. 21. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and National Institutes of Health (2000) Practical Guide: Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults, NIH Publication No. 00-4084. 22. Willet W. Increasing prevalence of overweight among US adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991. JAMA 1994;272:205-211. 23. Kasim-Karakas SE, Almario RU, Mueller WM, et al. Changes in plasma lipoproteins during low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets: Effects of energy intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1439. 24. Banting W. Letter on Corpulence, Addressed to the Public. 2nd ed. London, England: Harisson and Sons; 1863. 25. Atkins RC. Dr Atkins' New Diet Revolution. New York: Avon Books; 1998. 26. Stein K. High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets: do they work? J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 00:760-761. 27. St Jeor ST, Howard BV, Prewitt E, et al. Dietary protein and weight reduction: a statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association. Circulation 2001;104:1869-1874. 28. Lichtenstein AH, Ausman LM, Carrasco W, et al. Hypercholesterolemic effect of dietary cholesterol in diets enriched in polyunsaturated and saturated fat. Dietary cholesterol, fat saturation, and plasma lipids. Arterioscler Thromb 1994;14:168-175. 29. Hu FB, Stmpfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1491-1499. 30. McGee DL, Reed Dm, Yano K, et al. Ten-year incidence of coronary heart disease in the Honolulu Heart Program: relationship to nutrient intake. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:667-676. 31. Bilsborough SA and Crowe TC. Low-carbohydrate diets: what are the potential short- and long-term health implications? Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2003;12:396–404. 32. Kennedy ET, Bowman SA, Spence JT, et al. Popular diets: correlation to health, nutrition, and obesity. J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101:411–420. 33. U. S. Department of Agriculture ARS. Food and Nutrient Intakes by Individuals in the United States, by Sex and by Age, 1994–1996. Nationwide Food Surveys, report no. 96-2, 1998. 34. Brehm BJ, Spang SE, Lattin BL, et al. The role of energy expenditure in the differential weight loss in obese women on low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:1475-1482. 35. Yancy WS, Olsen MK, Guyton JR, et al. A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140:769-777. 36. Boden G, Sargrad K, Homko C, et al. Effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on appetite, blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:403-411. 37. Aude YW, Agatston AS, Lopez-Jimenez F, et al. The national cholesterol education program diet vs a diet lower in carbohydrates and higher in protein and monounsaturated fat. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2141-2146. 38. Foster GD, Wyatt HR, Hill JO, et al. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2082-2090. 39. Samaha FF, Iqbal N, Seshadri P, et al. A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2074-2081. 40. Due A, Toubro S, Skov AR, et al. Effect of normal-fat diets, either medium or high in protein, on body weight in overweight subjects: a randomized 1-year trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:1283-1290. 41. Brehm BJ, Seeley RJ, Daniels SR, et al. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. J Clin Endolcrinol Metab 2003;88:1617-1623. 42. Sharman MJ, Gomez AL, Kraemer WJ, et al. Very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets affect fasting lipids and postprandial lipemia differently in overweight men. J Nutr 2004;134:880-885. 43. Seshadri P, Iqbal N, Stern L, et al. A randomized study comparing the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional diet on lipoprotein subfractions and C-reactive protein levels in patients with severe obesity. Am J Med 2004;117:398-405. 44. McAuley KA, Hopkins CM, Smith KJ, et al. Comparison of high-fat and high-protein diets with a high-carbohydrate diet in insulin-resistant obese women. Diabetologia 2005;48:8-16. 45. Skov AR, Toubro S, Ronn B, et al. Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999;23:528-536. 46. Luscombe ND, Clifton PM, Noakes M, et al. Effect of a high protein, energy restricted diet on weight loss and energy expenditure after weight stabilization in hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes 2003;27:582-590. 47. Sargrad KR, Homko C, Mozzoli M, et al. Effect of high protein vs high carbohydrate intake on insulin sensitivity, body weight, hemoglobin A1c, and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Diet Assoc 2005;105:573-580. 48. Layman DK, Shiue H, Sather C, et al. Increased dietary protein modifies glucose and insulin homeostasis in adult women during weight loss. J Nutr 2003;133:405-410. 49. Gannon MC and Nuttall FQ. Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2004;53:2375-2382. 50. Farnsworth E, Luscombe ND, Noakes M, et al. Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on body composition, glycemic control, and lipid concentrations in overweight and obese hyperinsulinemic men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:31-39. 51. Johnston CS, Tjonn SL, Swan PD, et al. High-protein, low-fat diets are effective for weight loss and favorably alter biomarkers in healthy adults. J Nutr 2004;134:586-591. 52. Segal-Issacson CJ, Johnson S, Tomuta V, et al. A randomized trial comparing low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets matched for energy and protein. Obes Res 2004;12:130S-140S. 53. Parker B, Noakes M, Luscombe N, et al. Effect of a high-protein, high-monounsaturated fat weight loss diet on glycemic control and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002;25:425-430. 54. Dansinger ML, Gleason JA, Griffith JL, et al. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction. A randomized trial. JAMA 2005;293:43-53. 55. Layman DK, Boileau RA, Erickson DJ, et al. A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women. J Nutr 2003;133:411-417. 56. Luscombe-Marsch DN, Noakes M, Wittert GA, et al. Carbohydrate-restricted diets high in either monunsaturated fat or protein are equally effective at promoting fat loss and improving blood lipids. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:762-772. 57. Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Keogh JB, et al. Long-term effects of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on weight control and cardiovascular risk markers in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:661-670. 58. Luscombe ND, Clifton PM, Noakes M, et al. Effects of energy restricted diets containing increased protein on weight loss, resting energy expenditure and the thermic effect of feeding in type-2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002;25:652-657. 59. McAuley KA, Smith KJ, Taylor RW, et al. Long-term effects of popular dietary approaches on weight loss and features of insulin resistance. Int J Obes 2006;30:342-349. 60. Brehm BJ, Seeley RJ, Daniels SR, et al. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:1617–1623. 61. Sondike SB, Copperman N, Jacobson MS et al. Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factor in overweight adolescents. J Pediatr 2003;142:253–258. 62. Buchholz AC and Schoeller DA. Is a calorie a calorie? Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:899S–906S. 63. Johnston CS, Tjonn SL, Swan PD, et al. High-protein, low-fat diets are effective for weight loss and favorably alter biomarkers in healthy adults. J Nutr 2004;134:586–591. 64. Layman DK, Boileau RA, Erickson DJ, et al. A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women. J Nutr 2003;133:411–417. 65. Meckling KA, Gauthier M, Grubb R, et al. Effects of a hypocaloric, low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, and body composition in free-living overweight women. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2002;80:1095–1105. 66. Bray GA. Low-carbohydrate diets and realities of weight loss. JAMA 2003;289:1853–1855. 67. Layman DK and Baum JI. Dietary protein impact on glycemic control during weight loss. J Nutr 2004;134:968S–973S. 68. Meckling KA, O'Sullivan C, Saari D, et al. Comparison of a low-fat diet to a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, body compsition, and risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in free-living, overweight men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2717–2723. 69. Volek JS, Sharman MJ, Gomez AL, et al. Comparison of a very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet on fasting lipids, LDL subclasses, insulin resistance, and postprandial lipemic responses in overweight women. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23:177–184. 70. Stern L, Iqbal N, Seshadri P, et al. The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann Inter Med 2004;140:778–785. 71. Shimanuki S, Nagasawa T, Nishizawa N, et al. Plasma HDL subfraction levels increase in rats fed proso-millet protein concentrate. Med Sci Monit. 2006;12:221-226. 72. Volek JS, Sharman MJ, Forsythe CE et al.. Modification of lipoproteins by very-low carbohydrate diets. J Nutr 2005;135:1339-1342. 73. Layman DK and Baum JI. Dietary protein impact on glycemic control during weight loss. J Nutr 2004;134:968S–973S. 74. Allick G, Bisschop PH, Ackermans MT, et al. A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet improves glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing postabsorptive glycogenolysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:6193–6197. 75. Gannon MC, Nuttall FQ, Saeed A, et al. An increase in dietary protein improves the blood glucose response in persons with type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:734–741. 76. Schwenke DC. Insulin resistance, low-fat diets, and low-carbohydrate diets: time to test new menus. Curr Opin Lipidol 2005;16:55–60. 77. Lara-Castro C and Garvey WT. Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in South Beach. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4197–4205. 78. Sheard NF, Clark NG, Brand-Miller JC, et al. Dietary carbohydrate (amount and type) in the prevention and management of diabetes. A statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2004;27:2266–2271. 79. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults--The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health. Obes Res 1998, 6;Suppl 2:51S-209S. 80. Arauz-Pacheco C, Parrott MA and Raskin P: The treatment of hypertension in adult patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002;25:134-147. 81. Boden G, Sargrad K, Homko C, et al. TPS: Effect of a Low -Carbohydrate Diet on Appetite, Blood Glucose Levels, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:403-411. 82. Foster GD, Wyatt HR, Hill JO,et al. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2082-2090. 83. Meckling KA, O'Sullivan C and Saari D. Comparison of a low-fat diet to a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, body composition, and risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in free-living, overweight men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2717-2723. 84. Petitti DB, Meta-Analysis, Decision Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. New York: Oxyford University Press; 2000. 85. Rothman KJ and Greenland S. Modern Epidemiology, USA: Maple Press; 1998. 86. Bravata DM, Sanders L, Huang J, et al. Efficacy and safety of low-carbohydrate diets: a systematic review. JAMA 2003;289:1837-1850. 87. Nordmann AJ, Nordmann A, Briel M, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:285-293. 88. Krieger JW, Sitren HS, Daniels MJ, et al. Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during restriction: a meta-regression. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83:260-274. 89. Egger M, Smith GD, Schieder M, et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629-634. 90. Begg CB and Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics 1994;50:1088-1101. 91. Angulo JJ, Haggett P, Megale P et al. Variola minor in braganca paulista country, 1956: a trend-surface analysis. Am J Epidemiol 1977;105:272-278. 92. Noakes M. Foster PR, Keogh JB et al. Comparison of isocaloric very low carbohydrate/high saturated fat and high carbohydrate/low saturated fat diets on body composition and cardiovascular risk. Nutr Metab 2006;3:7-19. 93. Petersen M, Taylor MA, Saris WH, et al. Randomized, multi-center trial of two hypo-energetic diets in obese subjects: high- versus low-fat content. Int J Obes 2006;30:552-530. 94. Noakes M, Keogh JB, Foster PR, et al. Effect of an energy-restricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardiovascular health in obese women. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:1298-1306. 95. Landry N, Bergeron N, Archer R, et al. Whole-body fat oxidation rate and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in men consuming an ad libitum high-carbohydrate or low-carbohydrate diet. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:580-586. 96. Jacobs B, De Angelis-Schierbaum G, Egert S, et al. Individual serum triglyceride responses to high-fat and low-fat diets differ in men with modest and severe hypertriglyceridemia. J Nutr 2004;134:1400-1405. 97. Meksawan K, Pendergast DR, Leddy JJ, et al. Effect of low and high fat diets on nutrient intakes and selected cardiovascular risk factors in sedentary men and women. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23:131-140. 98. Volek JS, Sharman MJ, Gomez AL, et al. An isoenergetic very low carbohydrate diet improves serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, the total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio and postprandial pipemic responses compared with a low fat diet in normal weight, normolipidemic women. J Nutr 2003; 133:2756-2761. 99. Straznicky NE, O'Callaghan CJ, Barrington VE, et al. Hypotensive effect of low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet can be independent of changes in plasma insulin concentrations. Hypertension1999;34:580-585. 100. Turley ML, Skeaff CM, Mann JI, et al. The effect of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998;52:728-732. 101. Clarke R, Frost C, Collins R, et al. Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: Quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies. Br Med J 1997;314:112-117. 102. Yu-Poth S, Zhao G, Etherton T, et al. Effects of the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Step I and Step II dietary intervention programs on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:632-646. 103. Montoya MT, Porres A, Serrano S, et al. Fatty acid saturation of the diet and plasma lipid concentrations, lipoprotein particle concentrations, and cholesterol efflux capacity. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75:484-491. 104. de Roos NM, Bots ML, Siebelink E, et al. Flow-mediated vasodilation is not impaired when HDL-cholesterol is lowered by substituting carbohydrates for monounsaturated fat. Br J Nutr 2001; 86:181-188. 105. Brown L, Rosner B, Willett WW, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:30-42. 106. Mensink RP and Katan MB. Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum lipids and liporoteins. A meta-analysis of 27 trials. Arterioscler Thromb 1992;12:911–919. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28678 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 研究背景
低碳水化合物飲食近年來由於減重風潮而逐漸受到關注,然而研究證據對該飲食影響減重及改善心血管危險因子之利弊仍模糊不清。因此本研究欲利用整合分析探討低碳水化合物飲食對體重、血液脂肪、空腹血糖及血壓之影響,並用整合回歸釐清該飲食中熱量與營養素影響心血管危險因子變化之效應。 材料方法 PUBMED搜尋1998/1/1∼2006/12/31低碳水化合物飲食之隨機試驗中設立對照組且有飲食資料及至少一項心血管危險因子者。由兩位研究者獨立萃取研究特性、飲食變項與結果指標後,進行整合分析、整合回歸及趨勢面分析。 研究結果 21篇納入整合分析之研究顯示,低碳水化合物飲食組體重下降較對照組多(加權平均-1.6公斤,95%信賴區間-2.8∼-0.4公斤)。三酸甘油酯(加權平均-0.25mmol/L,95%信賴區間-0.32∼0.18 mmol/L)及高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(加權平均0.1mmol/ L,95%信賴區間0.06∼0.15mmol/L)變化在低碳水化合物組有較好影響;但總膽固醇(加權平均0.12 mmol/L,95%信賴區間0.05∼0.41mmol/L)及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(加權平均0.28mmol/L,95%信賴區間0.14∼0.42mmol/L)則在控制組效應較佳。整合回歸指出,單一營養素與結果指標變化無顯著相關。趨勢面分析則發現,「低碳水化合物、較高蛋白質與高脂肪」之營養素組合對體重、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇及三酸甘油酯有改善;「高碳水化合物與低脂肪」攝取則對總膽固醇與低密度脂蛋白膽固醇變化有較好影響。 結論 相較於「低脂肪且熱量不足」飲食,「低碳水化合物,較高蛋白質且高脂肪」組合減重與改善三酸甘油酯、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇效果較顯著,但對總膽固醇及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇有不良影響。未來需進一步以試驗性研究,探討是否調整脂肪酸比例使此組合之效應達到更為理想的狀態。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Background
Attention on low-carbohydrate diets is increasing with the popularity of weight loss. However, trials showed contradictory results on benefits and risks of these diets to achieve weight loss and modify cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of low-carbohydrate diets on weight, serum lipids, fasting glucose, and blood pressure. In addition, meta-regression was applied to characterize the components of low-carbohydrate diets that affect changes in cardiovascular risk factors. Methods PUBMED engine was used for searching literatures about low-carbohydrate diets published between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2006. We selected articles which recruited control groups and presented diet contents and at least one of the cardiovascular risk factors. After characteristics of study, diet variables, and outcome were independently abstracted by two researchers, meta-analysis, meta-regression, and trend surface analysis were done. Results 21 studies which included in meta-analysis showed low-carbohydrate diets group lose more 1.6kg (95%CI, 0.4~2.8kg) of weight than the control group. Triglycerides (weighted difference in changes, -0.25mmol/L; 95%CI, -0.32 to -0.18mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (weighted difference in increment, +0.1mmol/L; 95%CI, +0.06 to +0.15mmol/L) levels changed more favorably in individuals assigned to low-carbohydrate diets, but total cholesterol (weighted difference in changes, 0.12mmol/L; 95%CI, 0.05 to 0.41mmol/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (weighted difference in changes, 0.28mmol/L; 95%CI, 0.14 to 0.42mmol/L) values changed more favorably in individuals assigned to control group. The results of meta-regression indicated that no single macronutrient by itself contributed to the outcomes. Contrarily it is the macronutrient combination of “low-carbohydrate, moderate protein, and high-fat” that betters weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, according to trend surface analysis. Intakes of “high-carbohydrate and low-fat” tend to reduce total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusion Compared with ”low-fat and energy-deficit” diets, combination of “low-carbohydrate, moderate protein, and high-fat” showed effects on losing weight, reducing triglycerides, increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as raising low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Future studies with experimental designs might be needed to investigate the best ratios of different fatty acid contents in the “low-carbohydrate, moderate protein, and high-fat” diets in order to achieve a favorable cardiovascular profile. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T00:17:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R94842019-1.pdf: 4285478 bytes, checksum: c9af9620a88c24b740965c15d9fae295 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 VI
ABSTRACT VII 第一章 研究背景 1 第一節、心血管疾病與代謝症候群 1 第二節、低碳水化合物飲食 2 第三節、低碳水化合物飲食與心血管危險因子 3 第四節、過去低碳水化合物飲食之整合分析文獻 5 第二章 研究目的 7 第三章 材料方法 8 第一節、文獻搜尋 9 第二節、研究選取 9 第三節、資料萃取 9 第四節、整合分析 10 第五節、整合回歸 13 第四章 整合分析結果 15 第一節、文獻搜尋 15 第二節、研究特性 15 第三節、飲食介入前之心血管危險因子 15 第四節、飲食介入對心血管危險因子之變化 16 第五節、總結 19 第五章 整合回歸結果 39 第一節、介入飲食之營養素特性 39 第二節、單一營養素探討 39 第三節、三大營養素組合探討 41 第六章 研究討論 69 第一節、低碳水化合物飲食對結果指標影響之探討 69 第二節、飲食之營養素特性對結果指標影響之探討 69 第三節、研究特性對結果指標影響之探討 72 第四節、研究限制 73 第五節、結論 74 第六節、建議與未來展望 74 參考文獻 75 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 低碳水化合物飲食對心血管危險因子之影響:整合分析 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Effect of Low-carbohydrate Diets on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Meta-Analysis | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 李文宗 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃青真 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 低碳水化合物飲食,心血管危險因子,整合分析, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | The Effect of Low-carbohydrate Diets,Cardiovascular Risk Factors,Meta-Analysis, | en |
dc.relation.page | 86 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-07-27 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 流行病學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 流行病學與預防醫學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-96-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 4.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。