飼料中添加不同含量的蛋白質與脂質及植物性原料取代魚粉對筍殼魚成長的影響

Abstract

蛋白質是飼料中最昂貴的營養成分，在不影響養殖生物的成長下，蛋白質給予量與養殖成本應達到平衡點。本研究探討不同含量的蛋白質與脂質及植物性原料的玉米蛋白取代魚粉對筍殼魚成長之影響。 (一)針對具高經濟價值之筍殼魚為研究對象在飼料中添加不同含量的蛋白質與脂質探討筍殼魚成長之影響。利用3x3設計，使用三組蛋百質量(CP 50%, 45%, 40%)，三組脂質量(CL 6%, 9%, 12%)。計九組不同蛋白質與脂質添加量之飼料餵養筍殼魚12週(起始體重: 10.34±2.11g)。增重率，魚體脂質，肝脂含量因飼料中脂質含量增加而有增加的趨勢。魚體脂質隨著飼料中蛋白質含量增加而下降。本研究結果顯示筍殼魚可適應大範圍的蛋白質與脂質供應的改變。因此，於商業利益與環境，同時不影響筍殼魚成長的考量下，可在其飼料中增加脂質的添加量而蛋白質的添加量可降低至40%。 (二)飼料中添加植物性原料取代魚粉對筍殼魚成長之影響。本實驗以對照組以魚粉53%為主要蛋白質來源，實驗組則以玉米蛋白 (Corn Protein) 5%、10% 及15%的添加量，而魚粉添加量分別降為48%、43%及38%。魚的平均體重、增重率及飼料換肉率皆以全魚粉組最好，而因飼料中以玉米蛋白取代魚粉的比例增加而遞減。

An 12-weeks experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary protein, lipid levels and vegetative ingredients replacing fish meal on growth performance of Marble Goby (Oxyeleotris marmoratus). Experiment I, 9 formulated diet with 3 levels of digestible protein (CP 50%, 45%, 40%) and 3 levels of digestible lipid (CL 6%, 9%, 12%) were fed to Marble Goby for 12 weeks (initial weight: 10.34±2.11g). Weight gain (WG), body and liver lipid content of fish increased with increasing dietary protein level and lipid level. Experiment II, to examine the replacement of the fish meal with vegetative ingredients at various levels in practical feeds for Marble Goby, replacing fish meal with by 0%、5%、10%、15%. After 12 weeks feeding trial, final body weight(FBW), weight gain (WG), Feed conversion rate decreased with increasing replacement of the fish meal with corn protein. The data suggest that marble goby can thrive on a wide range of protein and lipid levels. In terms of economic and environmental concerns, and ability to maintain the rapid growth rate of this fish, the dietary protein can be lowered to 40% with higher lipid content.