請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28361
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 孫岩章 | |
dc.contributor.author | Ying-Li Wu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 吳穎俐 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T00:06:06Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-07-31 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-07-31 | |
dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-27 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
1. 林俊義、安寶貞、張清安、羅朝村、謝廷芳。2004。作物病害之非農藥防治技術。農委會農試所出版。台中。 2. 吳昭其。1992。台灣的蔬菜(一)。渡假出版社。 3. 吳昭其。1992。台灣的蔬菜(二)。渡假出版社。 4. 倪禮豐、陳哲民。2004。有機農業論壇專輯。花蓮農改場。花蓮。 5. 徐玲明、蔣慕琰。1997。殺菌劑造成蝴蝶蘭異常生長及開花之探討。植保會刊 39:355-364。 6. 楊麗珠。1994。農作物農藥之藥害。稻香文化事業股份有限公司。 7. 廖龍盛。2005。實用農藥。得力興業股份有限公司。 8. 謝廷芳、胡敏夫、黃晉興、柯文雄。 2005。 天然植保製劑葵無露-實用性植保資材。 豐年 55(8): 63-64。 9. 謝俊雄。1984。石油化學工業。文京圖書有限公司。 10. 薛聰賢。2003。台灣蔬果實用百科(一)。台灣普綠出版部。 11. 薛聰賢。2003。台灣蔬果實用百科(二)。台灣普綠出版部。 12.薛聰賢。2003。台灣蔬果實用百科(三)。台灣普綠出版部。 13.Cairns R.R. 1972. Effects of surfactants applied to samples of Solonetz soil on water penetration and plant growth. Can. J. Soil Sci. 52:267-269. 14.De Wolf, W., and Feijtel T. 1998. Terrestrial risk assessment for linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in sludge-amended soils. Chemosphere 36:1319– 43. 15.Di Corcia, A. 1998. Characterisation of surfactants and their biointermediates by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. (A) 794:165– 85. 16.Di Corcia, A., and Samperi, R. 1994.Monitoring aromatic surfactants and their biodegradation intermediates in raw and treated sewages by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28:850– 8. 17.Figge, K., Schoberl, P. 1989. LAS and the application of sewage sludge in agriculture. Tenside Surfact. Deterg.26: 122-128 18.Gunther, P., and Pestemer, W. 1990. Phytotoxicity of surfactants to higher plants. In: Hall, J.E., Sauerbeck, D.E., Hermit, P.L., (editors). Effects of Organic Contaminants in Sewage Sludge on Soil Fertility, Plants and Animals. (As cited in Jensen (1999) and Kloepper-Sams et al. (1996)). 19.Holt, M. S., Waters, J., Comber, M. H. I., Armitage, R., Morris, G., and Newbery, C. 1995. SDIA sewage treatment pilot study on linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS). Water Research 29 (9):2063-2070. 20.Jensen J. 1999. Fate and effects of linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) in the terrestrial environment. Sci Total Environ. 226:93–111. 21.Kloepper-Sams, P., Torfs, F., Feijtel, T., and Gooch, J. 1996. Effects assessment for surfactants in sludge-amended soils: a literature review and perspectives for terrestrial risk assessment. Sci. Total Environ.185:171–85. 22.Krueger, C.J., Radakovich, K.M., Sawyer, T.E., Barber, L.B., Smith, R.L., and Field, J.A. 1998. Biodegradation of the surfactant linear alkylbenzenesulfonate in sewage-contaminated groundwater: A comparison of column experiments and field tracer tests. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32:3954– 61. 23.Lara-Martin, P. A., Petrovic, M., Gomez-Parra, A., Barcelo, D., and Gonzalez-Mazo, E. 2006. Presence of surfactants and their degradation intermediates in sediment cores and grabs from the Cadiz Bay area. Environmental Pollution 144 (2):483-491. 24.Larson, R., and Payne, A. 1981. Fate of the benzene ring of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in natural waters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41:621– 7. 25.Liu, H. Y., Liao, B. H., Zhou, P. H., and Yu, P. Z. 2004. Toxicity of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkylethoxylate to aquatic plants. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 72 (4):866-872. 26.Litz, N., Doering, H.W., Thiele, M., and Blume, H.P. 1987. The behaviour of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate in different soils: A comparison between field and laboratory studies. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 14:103– 116. 27.Marcomini, A., Capel, P. D., Lichtensteiger, T., Brunner, P. H., and Giger, W. 1989. Behavior of aromatic surfactants and PCBs in sludge-treated soil and landfills. Journal of Environmental Quality 18 (4):523-528. 28.Marschner, A. 1992. Phytotoxizit¨atsuntersuchungen mit zwei anion- ischen detergentien (TPBS, LAS) und einem herbizid (Atrazin). Schriften-Reihe der Vereins fur Wasser-boden und Lufthygiene. 89:459-483. 29.Matthijs, E., Holt, M. S., Kiewiet, A., and Rijs, G. B. J. 1999. Environmental monitoring for linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxy sulfate, alcohol sulfate, and soap. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 18 (11):2634-2644. 30.Mieure, J.P., Waters, J., Holt, M.S., and Matthijs, E. 1990. Terrestrial safety assessment of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Chemosphere 21:251– 262. 31.Moreno-Garrido, M. H., Lubián, L. M, Blasco, J. 2003. Marine benthic microalgae cylindrotheca closterium (Ehremberg) Lewin and Reimann (Bacillariophyceae) as a tool for measuring toxicity of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in sediments. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70 (2):242-247. 32.Navas, J.M., Gonzalez-Mazo, E., Wenzel, A., Gomez-Parra, A., and Segner, H. 1999. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates and intermediate products from their degradation are not estrogenic. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 38(10):880–884. 33.Perales, JA., Manzano, M.A., Sales, D., and Quiroga, J.A. 1999. Biodegradation kinetics of LAS in river water. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 43:155– 160. 34.Sanz, E., Prats, D., Rodriguez, M., and Camacho, A. 2006. Effect of temperature and organic nutrients on the biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) during the composting of anaerobically digested sludge from a wastewater treatment plant. Waste Management 26 (11):1237-1245. 35.Scott, M.J., and Jones, M.N. 2000. The biodegradation of surfactants in the environment. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1508:235– 251. 36.Sharma, A.K., Bandre, T.R., Srinivasu, T., and Chandra, N. 1985. Deleterious effects of detergents on plants. Environ. Ecol. 3: 444-445 37.Takada, H., Mutoh, K., Tomita, N., Miyadzu, T., and Ogur, N. 1994. Rapid removal of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) by attached biofilm in an urban shallow stream. Water Res. 28:1953–1960. 38.Thomas, L., Yoshikawa, F. 1988. Effects of Sludge and Planting Time on the Herbicidal Activity of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates. Monsanto Company report no. H88-21-4. 39.Van Ginkel, C. G. 1996. Complete degradation of xenobiotic surfactants by consortia of aerobic microorganisms. Biodegradation 7 (2):151-164. 40.Verge, C., Moreno, A., Bravo, J., and Berna, J.L. 2000. Influence of water hardness on the bioavailability and toxicity of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS). Chemosphere 44:1749– 57. 41.Yadav, J.S., Lawrence, D.L., Nuck, B.A., Federle, T.W., and Reddy, C.A. 2001. Biotransformation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: oxidation of alkyl side-chain. Biodegradation 12:443– 53. 42.Ying, G.G. 2006. Fate, behavior and effects of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment. Environment International 32 (3):417-431. 43.Yu, X., Trapp, S., Zhou, P., Peng, X., and Cao, X. 2006. Response of weeping willows to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Chemosphere 64 (1):43-48 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28361 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 中文摘要
近年來減少農藥用量的觀念越來越普及,消費者購買沒有使用農藥的農產品之意願提高,生產者也配合這個趨勢改變以往慣行農業的作業。但減少農藥的使用需要安全且有效的替代品,這些資材通稱非農藥防治資材。為了了解這些資材施用於植物是否會造成不利的影響,本研究乃選擇數項常見又容易購得的產品,對數種植物進行試驗。 在第一部分初步的試驗係以稀釋50倍與100倍的泡舒 (PAOS)、沙拉脫 (SALATT)、Tween20 和碳酸氫鈉 (NaHCO3) 等水溶液,噴灑劍葉萵苣 (Lactuca indica L. form. indivisa (Maxim.) Hara)、甘藍 (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)、包心芥菜 (Brassica juncea)、黃花芥藍 (Brassica oleracea)、青花菜 (Brassica oleracea var. italica)等五種植物。噴施試劑後發現所有試劑的藥害中皆以壞疽病斑為最主要,但介面活性劑類則另有變形之病徵,碳酸氫鈉未見葉片變形但其壞疽會脫落成穿孔。清潔劑中以泡舒和沙拉脫較易產生壞疽,Tween20的藥害較輕微。 因初步試驗後發現有些新葉會出現變形病徵,其可能為遺傳基因之受害,即已影響基因或其表現,故在第二部分增加數種植物以測試藥害慢性徵狀之新葉病徵及嚴重度。使用的植物有草莓 (Fragaria ananasa)、芥藍 (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephale Group)、青梗白菜 (Brassica rapa L. Chinesis Group)、蕹菜 (Impomoea aquatica)、及胡瓜 (Cucumis sativus L.);清潔劑為泡舒、沙拉脫、及海倫仙度絲 (HEAD & SHOULDERS)。草莓以上述三種清潔劑處理後會有新葉變形卻無明顯壞疽,推測其葉片較強健對試劑較不敏感。其餘蔬菜以稀釋100、200、500、1000、2000倍的泡舒、沙拉脫、海倫仙度絲做試驗。結果青梗白菜的新葉有葉片捲曲、皺縮、及向下生長的慢性病徵。急性病徵以壞疽為主,泡舒與沙拉脫還會造成亮銅斑與銀白。芥藍出現藥害壞疽斑的臨界濃度大約是100-200倍,青梗白菜約500-1000倍,小胡瓜則是100至2000倍都有。 第三部分對環境衛生用藥進行測試,觀察其對植物之藥害。本試驗選擇三種油性殺蟲劑噴效、紅恐龍、克蟑,以及二種水性殺蟲劑噴效、黑貓。植物使用番茄 (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) 與葉萵苣 (Lactuca sativa L.) 二種。所有殺蟲劑皆在噴施隔天出現壞疽,以紅恐龍最為嚴重。兩種水性殺蟲劑處理的葉萵苣一週後出現白化斑,克蟑處理的葉萵苣一週後出現葉捲曲的現象。所使用的殺蟲劑皆為氣壓式噴霧罐,為了解其中含有的推進劑是否會對植物產生藥害,另選擇三種噴霧劑蕊娜制汗爽身噴霧試驗、絲逸歡造型定型霧、花仙子SPA空間香霧,進行試驗,結果發現三種噴霧劑對植物皆無影響。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | English Summary
As the concept of using less pesticide arouses, consumers tend to buy agricultural products without chemicals, which leads the producers to change their traditional pest control measures using a lot of pesticides. Instead of chemical pesticides they use safe and efficient materials in replacement, which are referred as non-pesticide materials. To understand whether these materials cause damage or not to the plants applied, this experiment chose some popular materials to try on plants. In the first part of this experiment we diluted PAOS, SALATT, Tween20 and baking powder (NaHCO3) 50 and 100 times and spread them on lettuce (Lactuca indica L. form. indivisa (Maxim.) Hara), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), leaf mustard (Brassica juncea), Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea), and broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Results show that necrosis appears to be the major symptom of every reagent. The surfactants also cause distortion other than necrosis and baking soda doesn’t, but the necrosis lesion of baking soda will eventually fall off and cause shothole. Of all the reagents PAOS and SALATT cause necrosis more serious than others, and Tween20 causes less phytotoxicity. In the former experiment some new grown leaves were found with symptoms of distortion; this was thought as damage to the genes and their expression. Because of this, several kinds of plants were added to the second part of this experiment to test the severity of phytotoxicity and their chronic symptoms. The plants used in this part were strawberry (Fragaria ananasa), Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephale Group), ching chiang pai-tsai (Brassica rapa L. Chinesis Group), water convolvulus (Impomoea aquatica) and cucmber (Cucumis sativus L.). The reagents used were PAOS, SALATT and HEAD& SHOULDERS. After strawberries were treated with the reagents above, leaf distortion appears on new grown leaves but necrosis barely occurs. The other plants treated with PAOS, SALATT and HEAD&SHOULDERS showed that ching chiang pai-tsai is the only plant that expressed leaf curl, distortion, epinasty and color adding on new grown leaves, whereas the acute symptom is mostly the necrosis. However, PAOS and SALATT also cause bronzing and silvering lesions on both Chinese kale and ching chiang pai-tsai. The number of dilutions which is the threshold to inducing phytotoxicity necrosis of Chinese kale is about 100-200 times, ching chiang pai-tsai about 500-1000 times, and cucumber ranges from 100-2000 times for these detergents. The third part of the experiment is a test on the phytotoxicity of household insecticides on plants. Three oil-based insecticides Pen Shiaw, Puff Dino, Keh Chon and two water-based insecticides Pen Shiaw and Black Cat were sprayed on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Every insecticide caused severe necrosis on the next day, but Puff Dino is the most severe. Lettuce treated with two water-based insecticides appear with symptoms of albino a week later, and lettuce treated with Keh Chon appears with symptoms of leaf curl a week later. As all of the insecticides contained the CFC as propellant aerosol, to find out whether the propellant in these cans is phytotoxic or not, three aerosol sprays including Rexona deordorant, Sifone hair spray and Spa aroma spray, were used in the same test. Results show that these three aerosol sprays have no effect on the plants. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T00:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93633012-1.pdf: 1398764 bytes, checksum: 07c57793cc4e049dfbdd05b0bb79c02b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 內容目錄
中文摘要 i 英文摘要 iii 第一章 前言 1 第二章 前人研究 4 第三章 材料與方法 7 一、 四種非農藥資材對五種蔬菜植物之急性藥害 7 (一)供試植物之介紹 7 (二)供試植物之栽培與管理 8 (三)藥害發生試驗與記錄 8 二、三種清潔劑對五種植物之急性與慢性藥害 8 (一) 供試植物之介紹 8 (二) 供試植物之栽培與管理 8 (三) 藥害發生試驗與記錄 9 三、環境衛生用藥對二種植物之藥害 10 (一)供試植物之介紹 10 (二)供試植物之栽培與管理 10 (三)藥害發生試驗與記錄 11 (四)推進劑對植物之影響試驗 12 第四章 結果 14 一、四種非農藥資材對五種蔬菜植物之急性藥害 14 二、三種清潔劑對五種植物之急性與慢性藥害 35 三、環境衛生用藥對二種植物之藥害 49 第五章 討論 59 一、四種非農藥資材對五種蔬菜植物之急性藥害 59 二、三種清潔劑對五種植物之急性與慢性藥害 59 三、環境衛生用藥對二種植物之藥害 60 參考文獻 62 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 非農藥防治資材對蔬菜作物藥害之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The phytotoxicity of non-pesticide materials on vegetable crops | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林正忠,洪挺軒,沈湯龍 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 藥害;界面活性劑;蔬菜, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | phytotoxicity,surfactants,vegetable, | en |
dc.relation.page | 63 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-07-30 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物病理與微生物學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-95-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 1.37 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。