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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 詹長權(Chang-Chuan Chan) | |
dc.contributor.author | Su-Chen Hung | en |
dc.contributor.author | 洪素真 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-12T18:26:58Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2009-08-24 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-24 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-08-09 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 1.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking:25years of progress. A report of the surgeon general. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion and Office on Smoking and Health, 89-8411,1989.
2.Finding of the Scientific Review Panel on Health effect of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke as adopted at the Panel’s June 19, 1997 meeting 3.NHRI COMMUNICATION,國家衛生研究院電子報第73期2004-11-16 4.財團法人國家衛生研究院,論壇健康促進與疾病預防委員會:主動吸菸及二手菸與肺癌的關係,第二期文獻回顧研析計畫,ISBN:9570287179 5.Making your workplace smoking free: A Decision Maker’s Guide. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office on Smoking and Health. Wellness Councils of America. American Cancer Society. 6.石東生:職場菸害知多少. http://www.iosh.gov.tw/netbook/smoke/smokem0.htm 7.CDC. Annual Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost, and Economic Costs-U.S., 1995-1999. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2002; 51(14): 300-303. 8.Hu SC, Huang SY, Li DC, CP Wen, et al. Workplace smoking policies in Taiwan and their association with employees’ smoking behavior. Eur J Public Health, Vol.15, No.3,270-275. 9.Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health: Taiwan Tobacco Control Annual Report 2005 10.CDC. Cigarette smoking among adults---United States,2003.MMWR 2005;54:509-513 11.Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health: Taiwan Tobacco Control Annual Report 2006. 12.Fichtenberg CM Glantz SA. Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behavior: systematic review. BMJ 2002;325:188-95. 13.California Environmental Protection Agency. Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke. September 1997. 14.Radzius A, Moolchan ET, Henningfield JE, Heishman SJ, Gallo JJ. A factor analysis of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire. Addict Behav 2001;26(2):303-10. 15.Middleton ET, Morice A H: Breath carbon monoxide as an indication of smoking habit. Chest 2000; 117:758-63. 16.Christensen AE, Tobiassen M, Jensen TK, Wielandt H, Bakketeig L, Høst A. Repeated validation of parental self-reported smoking during pregnancy and infancy: A prospective cohort study of infants at high risk for allergy development. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2004;18:73–9. 17.Hung J, Lin CH, Wang JD, Chann CC. Exhaled carbon monoxide level as an indicator of cigarette consumption in a workplace cessation program in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2006; 105: 210-3. 18.Jarvis MJ, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Feyerabend C,et al:Comparison of tests used to distinguish smokers from non-smokers. Am J Public Health 1987; 77:1435-8. 19.Shopland D. et al. State-Specific Trends in Smoke-Free Workplace Policy Coverage: The Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement, 1993 to 1999. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001; 43(8). 20.American cancer society: Smoking in the workplace. revised: 11/01/2005 21.Heironimus J. Impact of workplace restrictions on consumption an incidence (memo to Louis Suwarna). Phillip Morris, 21 January, 1992: Bates Range 2045447779/7806 22.Matthew C Farrelly, William N Evans, Andrew E S Sfekas:The impact of workplace smoking bans: results from a national survey. Tob Control. 1999 Autumn;8(3):272-7. 23.Peterson JE: Postexposure relationship of carbon monoxide in blood and expired air. Arch Environ Health 1970; 21:172-3. 24.Wald NJ, Idle M, Boreham J, et al: Carbon monoxide in breath in relation to smoking and carboxyhemoglobin levels. Thorax 1981; 36:366-9. 25.Jarvis MJ, Belcher M, Vesey C, et al: Low cost carbon monoxide monitors in smoking assessment. Thorax 1986; 41:886-7. 26.Deveci SE, Deveci F, Acik Y, et al.: The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide in healthy smokers and non-smokers. Resp Med 2004; 98:551-6. 27.Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health: Clinical practice guideline for treating smokers in Taiwan. 2002. Available from, http://health99.doh.gov.tw/quit/re01-001.doc【(in Chinese)】. 28.Liou YM, KoYL: The role of primary clinicians in preventing smoking. Formosa J Med 1998; 2:91-6. 29.Tonnesen P, Norregaard J, Mikkelsen K, et al: A double-blind trial of a nicotine inhaler for smoking cessation. JAMA 1993; 269:1268-71. 30.Jorenby DE, Smith SS, Fiore MC, et al: Varying nicotine patch dose and type of smoking cessation counseling. JAMA 1995; 274:1347-52. 31.Wen CP, Levy DT, Cheng TY, Hsu CC, Tsai SP:Smoking Behavior in Taiwan, 2001. Tob Control 2005;14;51-55. 32.賴美淑等:吸菸之行為研究, 財團法人國家衛生研究院,論壇健康促進與疾病預防委員會文獻回顧研析計畫, ISBN:9570263571 33.潘怜燕、李蘭、李隆安等:台灣地區成年人之菸害認知、反菸態度與菸害防制政策瞭解情形。衛生教育雜誌1993; 14:13-22. 34.Wu DM, Shen MH, Yang T, Chu NF, Lai, MR, Sun, CA: Epidemiological Studies on Cigarette Smoking among Workplace Labors: Prevalence rate, Cognition of Tobacco Hazard Control Act and Compliance of Tobacco Hazard Control Act.2005 Chinese J Occup Med,12(1):1-14.【(in Chinese)】 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27902 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 目的:戒菸計劃以呼氣中一氧化碳濃度檢測普遍為醫院或診所採用,為一種
快速、有效、便利且低成本評估吸菸的方法,但應用此方法於社區和工作場所仍然有限。以呼氣中一氧化碳濃度為吸菸狀態的評估,目前尚無一定的標準。因此本研究以兩部份來探討,第一部份以呼氣中一氧化碳濃度為評估職場勞工戒菸計劃呼吸狀態指標的可行性。第二部份運用上述研究結果評估不同禁菸政策對職場勞工戒菸成效的影響。 方法:本研究在2002年4月至2006年12月間進行。第一部份,以簡稱A廠之某化學品製造廠員工150人為研究對象,包括吸菸的員工123人與不吸菸的員工27人,研究內容包含受測員工的問卷調查,由受測者自行填寫問卷調查表包括個人基本資料:身高、體重、性別、年齡、每日吸菸量、吸菸行為、尼古丁依賴評估,以及使用一氧化碳偵測器(Micro Medical Limited; UK)量測呼氣中一氧化碳濃度。所取得的資料以Microsoft Excel 2003及Minitab軟體作Descriptive Statistics、Pearson Correlation,、Simple Linear Regression、Two-by Two Table等執行相關之統計運算與分析。第二部份,選擇三家不同禁菸政策之化學品製造廠為無菸政策研究對象。參與調查的吸菸員工為A廠118人,B廠47人與C廠11人。A廠實施禁菸規定,除特定區域外在工作場所及室內禁止吸菸;B廠實施的禁菸規定與A廠相同,而C廠則在廠區範圍內實施全面禁菸規定。研究內容為收集以上三廠無菸政策實施前、後員工之吸菸量、吸菸率及吸菸狀況、呼氣中一氧化碳濃度,比較前後的差異。 結果:第一部份顯示於表1與圖3。非吸菸者呼氣中一氧化碳濃度平均值4.2 ppm (95% CI:3.3~5.1),吸菸者呼氣中一氧化碳濃度與每日菸量有正相關性,r=+0.73 (P<0.01),迴歸模式為呼氣中一氧化碳濃度值(ppm)等於4.43加0.70乘每日菸量(支) (Adjusted R-square: 0.44),{Regression equation: CO(in ppm)=4.43+0.70 x cigarette consumed /stick/day}。以呼氣中一氧化碳濃度大於6ppm判定為有吸菸 (敏感性84%, 特異性:85%)。第二部份評估職場實施無菸政策之成效,由於各廠施行之禁菸規定不同,員工的吸菸狀況亦有所差異。結果員工在吸菸率與平均每日吸菸量方面顯示各廠不同的成效。在A廠(1)全廠員工吸菸率降低14.9%,戒菸率34.7%(2)吸菸量降低54.4%,仍在吸菸的員工平均每人每日可減少菸量4.3支。(3)員工參與戒菸班戒菸成功率為34.7%。(4) A廠於2004/1/1達成無菸政策目標並在政府主管機關登記核備。(5)員工遵守公司禁菸規定迄今無違反案件。在B廠(1) 全廠員工吸菸率降低2.8%,戒菸率8.5%(2) 吸菸量降低11%,仍在吸菸的員工平均每人每日可減少吸菸量0.4支。(3) B廠於2005/7/1達成無菸政策目標並視同公司安全規定處理。(4)員工遵守公司禁菸規定迄今無違反案件。在C廠(1)員工吸菸狀況無顯著差異(2) C廠仍如以往依據安全規定實施無菸政策。 結論:本研究發現呼氣中一氧化碳濃度6ppm可以做為評估職場勞工戒菸計劃吸菸狀態的追蹤指標。我們的研究證明工廠執行的禁菸政策,可以對員工的吸菸行為帶來關鍵性的影響。A廠與B廠以不同的方式實施無菸政策,結果在降低吸菸率與吸菸量上有明顯的差異,分別為A廠14.9%與54.4%,B廠為2.8%與11%。 結果相較之下,A廠減少的吸菸率與吸菸量,分別比B廠各高出5倍。本研究實施過程發現,僅配合政府實施禁煙規定但無任何介入措施,對於減少員工吸菸率或吸菸量毫無幫助。其次,雖實施無菸政策並規劃戒菸課程,但若實施過程未落實或敷衍了事,不但消耗資源與時間,也無法達到良好的成效。工作場所的菸害防制工作,除長期投注的努力外,還要依據好的規劃方法確實執行,落實無菸政策以確保職場的菸害防制工作能順利推展,達成減少菸害保護員工健康的最終目標。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Objective: Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) concentration is an effective indicator of smoking cessation program in clinics and hospitals. Its application in the community and workplace, however, remains limited. The first section, this study was established that exhaled CO concentration can be used as an objective indicator of the amount of daily cigarette consumption among smokers in the workplace. The second section, for the reason to verify the effectiveness smoking-free policy in workplace.
Methods:This research is divided into 2 sections, which had been completed during April 2002 to December 2006. The first section, samples were taken from plant A, a chemical production site, for 150 workers, which included 123 non-smokers and 27 smokers.The conduct of the research are included the analysis of population data, personal information fill out on height, weight, sex, age, cigarette consumption, smoking behavior and the exhaled carbon monoxide level were measured using Micro CO meter (Micro Medical Limited; UK). Microsoft office excel 2003, Minitab software were applied to data analysis by descriptive statistics, pearson correlation, simple linear regression, two-by-two table。The second section, we selected 3 different smoking policy of chemical factories as policies study. Smoker participants included A plant 118, B plant 47 and C plant 11, At that time plant A and plant B implemented prohibitive smoking policy, plant C implemented smoking-free policy. The study were collect the numbers of daily cigarette consumption and smoking behaviors report and the exhaled carbon monoxide level were measured, comparison difference between smoking policy implemented before and after. Results: First section presents as Table.1& Fig.3. The mean exhaled carbon monoxide level of nonsmokers is 4.2 ppm (95% CI: 3.3~5.1).The exhaled CO levels and the numbers of daily cigarette consumption are closely related with the correlation coefficient being +0.73(p<0.01), Adjusted R-square 0.44(simple linear regression model) . A reading > 6 ppm suggests that the worker might be a smoker (Sensitivity: 0.84, Specificity: 0.85). The second section research is the result on the evaluation of non-smoking policy. According to different policies in different plant site did come out with distinct results. Smoking rate and cigarette consumption decrease displayed different effect on each plant. On plant A, (1)14.9% of smoking rate reduction, 34.7% of quit smoking rate. (2)54.4% of cigarette consumed reduction ., 4.3sticks(person/day) of current smoker’s cigarette consumed decreased.(3)34.7% of smoking-free program participants succeeded.(4)achieved smoking-free policy workplace on 2004/01/01 , company registered smoking-free policy to local government.(5)Employees totally complied with legal and plant regulation, non violation case so far. On plant B, (1) 2.8% of smoking rate reduction, 8.5% of quit smoking rate. (2)11% of cigarette consumed reduction, 0.4 sticks (person/day) of current smoker’s cigarette consumed decreased. (3)Plant B achieved smoking-free policy workplace on 2005/07/01 as legal safety regulation.(4)Employees totally complied with legal and plant regulation, non violation case so far. On Plant C (1) Plant C had not been detected difference of smoking status between policies before and after. (2) Plant C keep smoking-free policy as legal safety regulation as past years. Conclusions: We suggest that a cut-point 6ppm of exhaled CO level can be a useful and objective indictor to distinguish smokers from non- smokers in the workplace in Taiwan. The study found that comprehensive achieved tobacco control program in workplace plays a critical or role setting up regulations, even for smokers. Our study proves that the smoking free policy can efficiently affect the worker’s smoking behavior. Plant A and Plant B implement the smoking-free policy with different programs so there are significant difference in the reduction of smoking rate and cigarette consumption between the two plants. The reduction of smoking rate and cigarette consumption for plant A are14.9% and 54.4% while they are 2.8% and 11% for plant B. Based on this study, only complying with government regulations does not help the reduction of smoking rate and cigarette consumption. Although there are smoking-free program and related quit-smoking course in place, it is hard to achieve the goals and probably will waste resource and time if the execution plan is not well performed. In order to maintain a smoking harm-free work place and provide employees with healthy working environment, the following steps should be taken place. Set up smoking-free policy to help the develop smoking-free program and detailed implementation plan. Well execute the plan to keep monitoring the sustainability of tobacco control. Overall, the reduced smoking rate and smoking amount in A plant are both of 5 times higher than those in B plant. It is found not only the long-term effort in manpower and time but also strong commitment the program so that we can establish and sustain the smoking free policy in the workplace. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-12T18:26:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R92841022-1.pdf: 2901337 bytes, checksum: 3b0c94fe2ced66503d77b0a82e6aaae8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
摘要i Abstract iii 目錄 vi 表目錄 viii 圖目錄 ix 第一章前言 1 1.1研究緣起 1 1.2研究目的 1 1.3研究流程 2 第二章文獻探討 3 2.1職場菸害 3 2.2職場安全 6 2.3台灣職場菸害概況 7 2.4台灣職場禁菸政策推行概況 8 2.5戒菸計劃評估指標 9 第三章研究方法 11 3.1研究材料 11 3.1.1實施不同禁菸政策的工廠基本資料 11 3.1.2禁菸政策類型 14 3.1.3呼氣中一氧化碳濃度測試 14 3.1.4個人問卷調查 15 3.1.5無菸政策實施流程 15 3.2統計分析 20 第四章結果 21 4.1以呼氣中一氧化碳濃度為評估職場勞工戒菸計劃吸菸狀態指標21 4.2實施不同禁菸政策對職場勞工戒菸的成效 21 第五章討論 38 第六章結論與建議 46 參考資料 48 附錄一、A廠健康政策禁菸規定 51 附錄二、呼氣中一氧化碳測試儀 52 附錄三、個人問卷調查表 53 附錄四、戒菸班招生海報 54 附錄五、吸菸區拆除作業時程表 55 附錄六、A廠禁菸標識設計競賽 56 附錄七、A廠無菸政策告示 57 附錄八、A廠實施無菸政策廠長文告-1 58 附錄九、A廠實施無菸政策廠長文告-2 59 附錄十、A廠慶賀達成無菸職場里程碑 60 附錄十一、J Formos Med Assoc 2006;105(3): 210-213. 61 表目錄 表1、A廠測試不同菸量之呼氣中一氧化碳濃度與受測員工資料 23 表2、A廠118位與B廠9位員工在無菸政策實施前後之菸量與呼氣中一氧化碳濃度比較 24 表3、ABC三家實施不同禁菸政策工廠背景資料 26 表4、ABC三家工廠吸菸員工資料 30 表5、ABC三家工廠在無菸政策實施前後員工吸菸狀況比較 30 表6、A廠各區域不同職級吸菸員工分佈 30 表7、個人問卷調查結果 33 圖目錄 圖1、ABC廠無菸政策執行時程圖 19 圖2、A廠150位員工呼氣中一氧化碳濃度之敏感性與特異性比較 23 圖3、A廠123位吸菸員工呼氣中一氧化碳濃度與每日菸量之相關性24 圖4、ABC廠員工分佈 26 圖5、A廠無菸政策實施前後員工之吸菸量比較 31 圖5-1、B廠無菸政策實施前後員工之吸菸量比較 31 圖6、ABC廠無菸政策實施前後員工吸菸量平均值比較32 圖7、A廠吸菸區距離與員工在無菸政策實施前後吸菸量差異之相關性 32 圖8、A廠無菸政策實施流程 34 圖9、B廠無菸政策實施流程 35 圖10、A廠戒菸課流程 36 圖11、B廠戒菸課流程 37 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 職場無菸政策執行成效研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The effectiveness of smoking-free policy in workplace | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 鄭尊仁(Tsun-Jen Cheng),黃嵩立(Song-Lih Huang) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 職場,無菸政策,呼氣中一氧化碳,戒菸,距離, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | workplace,smoking-free policy,exhaled carbon monoxide,smoking cessation,distance, | en |
dc.relation.page | 61 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-08-09 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 |
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