美國生技產業分析及其對台灣的策略意涵

Abstract

生技產業是許多國家想要發展的領域。然而，什麼是生技產業，可能有不同的看法與定義。本文首先給生技定義並舉出在產業上的應用及其在財政與經濟上的衝擊。 從生技產業萌芽開始，美國就領導世界的生技產業。本文第二部分，從世界產業競爭的角度，探討美國生技產業的地位。並分析美國生技產業的成功因素，並找出四個成功因素。第一個因素是從聯邦政府與產業界來的巨大研發投資。第二是政府在策略，法規，與立法方面的鼓勵措施。第三是從市場面分析，而美國是世界最大的藥品市場，有50%的市占率。最後一個因素是健全的資本市場，包括股市與創投。 最後，則以美國的成功因素來分析台灣生技產業的發展，並嘗試指出其產業發展的策略意涵。

Biotechnology is one of the scientific fields that many countries would like to encourage and develop. However, what is the scope of biotechnology industry? There might have different views and definition. In this article, it first gives the definition of biotechnology and its industrial applications and its impacts financial and economic fields. From the blooming of biotechnology industries, USA has been the leading country in the world. In the second paragraph, the article discusses development of biotechnology in USA from the global point of views, and positions the US biotech industry among the international competition, to evaluate the successful factors of US biotech industry. There are four aspects being analyzed and identified. The first is the huge investment in research and development from the Federal government and from the industry. The second is the governmental strategies, regulations, and laws to encourage the industry. The third is the market capacity, since the US is occupying 50% of the total pharmaceutical market in the world. The last one is the capital market is very friendly to the biotech industry, with very mature stock markets and venture capitals. The last paragraph analyzes the gaps of Taiwan in the development of biotech industry based on the successful factors found in the US counterpart, and tries to make the recommendations and conclusions in terms of strategic implications.