請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27803
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 王根樹(Gen-Shuh Wang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wei-Chih Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳威誌 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-12T18:21:28Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2008-08-24 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-24 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-08-21 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 1. 邱兆安, 前加氯處理優養化水體對消毒副產物之影響. 國立台灣大學環境衛生研究所碩士論文 2006.
2. Peterson, H. G.; Hrudey, S. E.; Cantin, I. A.; Perley, T. R.; Kenefick, S. L., Physiological toxicity, cell-membrane damage and the release of dissolved organic-carbon and geosmin by aaphanizomenon flos-aquae after exposure to water-treatment chemicals. Water Research 1995, 29, (6), 1515-1523. 3. Ashitani, K., Hishida, Y., Fujiwara, K., Behavior of musty odorous compounds during the process of water treatment. Water Science & Technology 1988, 20, (8/9), 261-267. 4. Sze, P., A Biology of the Algae. third ed.; 2000; p 209. 5. 洪慧鈞, 水庫優養化評估指標與優養化水體三鹵甲烷生成潛勢之探討. 國立中興大學環璄工程學系碩士論文 2002. 6. Graham, N. J. D.; Wardlaw, V. E.; Perry, R.; Jiang, J. Q., The significance of algae as trihalomethane precursors. Water Science and Technology 1998, 37, (2), 83-89. 7. Plummer, J. D.; Edzwald, J. K., Effect of ozone on algae as precursors for trihalomethane and haloacetic acid production. Environmental Science & Technology 2001, 35, (18), 3661-3668. 8. Chang, E. E.; Chiang, P. C.; Ko, Y. W.; Lan, W. H., Characteristics of organic precursors and their relationship with disinfection by-products. Chemosphere 2001, 44, (5), 1231-1236. 9. Plummer, J. D.; Edzwald, J. K., Effects of chlorine and ozone on algal cell properties and removal of algae by coagulation. Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology-Aqua 2002, 51, (6), 307-318. 10. 陳郁仁, 前氧化劑對藻類去除影響之研究. 國立成功大學環境工程學系碩士論文 2001. 11. Lam, A. K. Y.; Prepas, E. E.; Spink, D.; Hrudey, S. E., Chemical control of hepatotoxic phytoplankton blooms-implications for human health. Water Research 1995, 29, (8), 1845-1854. 12. David, T. W., L. L. Guy and M. B. Frank,, Disinfection by-products in Canadian dringking water. Chemosphere 1997, 34, 299-316. 13. 王奕軒, 自來水中木頭味物質β-cyclocitral之來源及去除之研究. 國立成功大學環境工程學系碩士論文 2006. 14. Chen, X. G.; Xiao, B. D.; Liu, J. T.; Fang, T.; Xu, X. Q., Kinetics of the oxidation of MCRR by potassium permanganate. Toxicon 2005, 45, (7), 911-917. 15. Ficek, K. J., Water Treatment Plant Design: Potassium permanganate for iron and manganese removal and taste and odor control. 1980; Vol. 21, p 461-479. 16. 周松霖, 前氧化劑處理水中藻類最佳化操作技術之研究. 國立成功大學環境工程學系碩士論文 2005. 17. Petrusevski, B.; vanBreemen, A. N.; Alaerts, G., Effect of permanganate pre-treatment and coagulation with dual coagulants on algae removal in direct filtration. Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology-Aqua 1996, 45, (6), 316-326. 18. Chen, J. J.; Yeh, H. H., The mechanisms of potassium permanganate on algae removal. Water Research 2005, 39, (18), 4420-4428. 19. McCarty, J. J. a. S., C. H. , A review of ozone and it's application of domestic wastewater treatment. AWWA 1974, 66, (12), 718-726. 20. Langlais, B. D., A. R. and Deborah, R. B., Ozone in Water Treatment:Application and Engineering. Lewis Publishers 1991. 21. Hoigne, J., Bader, H., Rate constants for reactions of ozone with organic pollutants and ammonia in water. IOA Symp., Toronto, Canada 1977b. 22. Hoigne, J., Bader, H., Ozonation of water : Selectivity and rate of oxidation of solutes. Proc. 3rd IOA Congress, Paris, France 1977a. 23. Bailey, P. S., Ozonation in organic chemistry. Academic Press, Inc., New York 1978. 24. Staehelin, J.; Hoigne, J., Mechanism and kinetics of decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes. Vom Wasser 1983, 61, 337-348. 25. Reckhow, D. A.; Legube, B.; Singer, P. C., The ononation of organic halide precursors - effect of bicarbonate. Water Research 1986, 20, (8), 987-998. 26. Staehelin, J., Hoigne, J., Decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes acting as promoters and inhibitors of radical chain reactions. Environmental Science & Technology 1985, 19, (12), 1206-1213. 27. Plummer, J. D.; Edzwald, J. K., Effect of ozone on disinfection by-product formation of algae. Water Science and Technology 1998, 37, (2), 49-55. 28. 謝東穎, 優養化原水處理之研究. 國立成功大學環境工程學系碩士論文 1999. 29. 張禎祐, 以二氧化氯為替代消毒劑之副產物生成與控制研究. 國立中興大學環境工程學研究所博士論文 2000. 30. 李榕菁, 二氧化氯氧化水中腐植酸對消毒副產物生成及控制之研究. 逢甲大學環境工程與科學所碩士論文 2002. 31. White, The handbook of chlorination and alternative disinfectant. Wiley, New York 1999, 1153-1202. 32. USEPA, US environmental publication alternative disinfectant and oxidant agency guidance manual. 1999, 815-R-99-014. 33. Werdehoff, K. S.; Singer, P. C., Cholorine dioxide effects on THMFP, TOXFP, and the formation of inorganic by-products. Journal American Water Works Association 1987, 79, (9), 107-113. 34. Richardson, S. D.; Thruston, A. D.; Collette, T. W.; Patterson, K. S.; Lykins, B. W.; Majetich, G.; Zhang, Y., Multispectral identification of chlorine dioxide disinfection by-products in drinking-water. Environmental Science & Technology 1994, 28, (4), 592-599. 35. Richardson, S. D.; Thruston, A. D.; Rav-Acha, C.; Groisman, L.; Popilevsky, I.; Juraev, O.; Glezer, V.; McKague, A. B.; Plewa, M. J.; Wagner, E. D., Tribromopyrrole, brominated acids, and other disinfection byproducts produced by disinfection of drinking water rich in bromide. Environmental Science & Technology 2003, 37, (17), 3782-3793. 36. USEPA, Toxicological review of chlorine dioxide and chlorite. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2000, EPA/635/R-00/007. 37. Kull, T. P. J.; Sjovall, O. T.; Tammenkoski, M. K.; Backlund, P. H.; Meriluoto, J. A. O., Oxidation of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin-LR by chlorine dioxide: Influence of natural organic matter. Environmental Science & Technology 2006, 40, (5), 1504-1510. 38. J., R. J., Formation of haloforms during chlornation of natural waters. Water Treatment Exam 1974, 23, 234-242. 39. Jolley R. L. and Suffet I. H. , Concentration techniques for isolating organic constituents in environmental water samples, organic pollution in water. 1987. 40. Becher, G., Drinking water chlorination and health. Acta Hydrochimica Et Hydrobiologica 1999, 27, (2), 100-102. 41. Sorlini, S.; Collivignarelli, C., Trihalomethane formation during chemical oxidation with chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone of ten Italian natural waters. Desalination 2005, 176, (1-3), 103-111. 42. C., S. P., Humic substances as precursors for potentially harmful disinfection by-products. Wat. Sci. Tech. 1999, 40, 25-30. 43. 曾四恭、劉志仁, 優養化水源消毒副產物之研究. 自來水會刊第十六卷第三期 1997. 44. R., M. R., Organic carbon and THM formation potential in kansas grownd waters. J. AWWA 1990, 82, 49-62. 45. Keegan, T.; Whitaker, H.; Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J.; Toledano, M. B.; Elliott, P.; Fawell, J.; Wilkinson, M.; Best, N., Use of routinely collected data on trihalomethane in drinking water for epidemiological purposes. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001, 58, (7), 447-452. 46. Johnson P. D., D. B. V., Goldberg S. J., Cardiac teratogenicity of trichloroethylene metabolites. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1998, 32, (2), 540-545. 47. Miller J. H., M. K., Wind R. A., Orner G. A., Sasser L. B., Bull R. J., In vivo MRI measurements of tumor growth induced by dichloroacetate: implications for mode of action. . Toxicology 2000, 145, (2-3), 115-125. 48. Cicmanec J. L., C. L. W., Olson G.R., Wang S. R., 90-Day toxicity study of dichloroacetate in dogs. Fundamental & Applied Toxicology 1991, 17, (2), 376-389. 49. Herren-Freund S. L., P. M. A., Khoury M. D., Olson G., The carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid, in mouse liver. . Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology 1987, 90, (2), 183-189. 50. Harrington B. K., S. T. W., Parker L. M., Moore M. M. , Genotoxic effects of by-products of the chlorination of drinking water. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. 1992, 19, (suppl. 20), 24. 51. C., B. R. J. a. K. F., Health effects of disinfectants and disinfection by-products. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association Research Foundation 1991. 52. Gopal, K.; Tripathy, S. S.; Bersillon, J. L.; Dubey, S. P., Chlorination byproducts, their toxicodynamics and removal from drinking water. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2007, 140, (1-2), 1-6. 53. 吳俊宗, 藻類與金沙地區自來水水質關係之探討. 中央研究院植物研究所 2004. 54. 李炎, 藍菌研究. 2005; p 41-42. 55. Widrig, D. L.; Gray, K. A.; McAuliffe, K. S., Removal of algal-derived organic material by preozonation and coagulation: Monitoring changes in organic quality by pyrolysis-GC-MS. Water Research 1996, 30, (11), 2621-2632. 56. J. Ma, J. Y. F., L.N. Wang, J. Guo and Z.L. Chen, Effect of preozonation on characteristics of algae cells and algae-derived organic matter (AOM) with respect to their removal by coagulation. Water Science & Technology: Water Supply 2006, 6, (4), 145-152. 57. 方立婷, UV/H2O2光催化程序對於控制消毒副產物前驅物質的影響. 2007. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27803 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 一般自來水廠會採用前加氯的方式,以氧化原水中一些污染物質,藉以減輕後續淨水程序之操作成本並提升處理效率。但氯在氧化污染物的同時,亦會與水中有機物質反應生成消毒副產物(Disinfection By-Products, DBPs);而藻類也將提供部分消毒副產物前驅物質來源,不論是細胞本身或其胞外代謝產物。當前加氯與藻類反應後,將造成藻類細胞受損而釋放出胞內有機物質,因而增加了淨水中消毒副產物的前質。因此一但原水因為藻類大量繁殖而成為優氧化水體時,除了影響淨水效率外,也將增加大眾用水之健康風險。
本研究採用次氯酸鈉、高錳酸鉀、臭氧及二氧化氯等四種氧化劑,將含藻類原水分為藻類細胞部分(Intracellular organic matter, IOM)及胞外物質部分(Extracellular organic matter, EOM)後分別進行前氧化試驗,觀察IOM及EOM對消毒副產物生成之貢獻以及經傳統淨水程序後對消毒副產物前質之去除效果,嘗試找出處理優氧化水體時較合適之前氧化劑。 研究結果顯示,藉由氧化劑量與反應時間的控制,可避免淨水程序後淨水中三鹵甲烷(Trihalomethanes, THMs)前質的增加;但不論使用何種前氧化劑處理實驗室配製之含藻類原水,皆會使得淨水中含鹵乙酸(Haloacetic acids, HAAs)前質的增加;而這部分前質的增加皆主要來自於藻類細胞部分。此外,包括在採集金門太湖原水進行相同試驗後之結果顯示,清水中三鹵甲烷前質在前氧化處理後皆有降低,但使用臭氧和次氯酸鈉為前氧化劑處理藻類細胞部分時,淨水中消毒副產物的前質高於使用其他兩種前氧化劑之結果。綜合本研究之結果,在處理藻類大量繁殖或含有高濃度溴離子之原水時,高錳酸鉀對消毒副產物前質有較佳的去除效果。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Pre-chlorination is widely used in drinking water treatments to remove contaminants in raw water, reduce the coagulants cost and enhance the efficiency of operation process. However, chlorine reacts with natural organic matter (NOM) may also produce disinfection by-products (DBPs); and the presence of algae also increases DBPs precursors, from both intracellular organic matter (IOM) and extracellular organic matter (EOM).
Moreover, the reaction between chlorine and algal cells in eutrophic raw water during prechlorination may also increase the DBPs precursors in treated water because of the destruction of algal cells. Besides its impact on conventional water treatment processes, higher DBPs formation from prechlorination would raise the risk on human health. This study intends to find an alternative preoxidant for treatment of eutrophic water. Potassium permanganate, ozone and chlorine dioxide were selected as the alternative preoxidants. The laboratory-cultured Microcystis aeruginosa (a species of blue-green algae) were chosen as the representative algae to evaluate the formation potential of DBPs from IOM and EOM after preoxidation and conventional water treatments. The results showed that suitable control of preoxidants dosage and contact time could decrease trihalomethanes (THMs) precursors in treated water, but may increase the haloacetic acids (HAAs) precursors when laboratory cultured algal cells were used. However, preoxidation with ozone and chlorine for IOM produced higher level of DBPs precursors in treated water than potassium permanganate and chlorine dioxide. After conventional treatment processes, it was observed that potassium permanganate had better removal efficiency for DBPs precursors in IOM. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-12T18:21:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R94844011-1.pdf: 880733 bytes, checksum: 34052f88753a362442c10450605413e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書i
誌謝ii 摘要iii Abstract iv 第一章、前言1 1.1研究背景1 1.2研究目的2 1.3研究架構2 第二章、文獻回顧 4 2.1 優養化及藻類 4 2.1.1 優養化對湖庫水質之影響 4 2.1.2 藻類對自來水淨水程序的影響 5 2.2 前氧化劑之作用 6 2.2.1 前氧化劑之應用 6 2.2.2前氧化劑對淨水程序的影響 6 2.3 前氧化劑種類特性及其對自來水處理之影響 7 2.3.1氯 7 2.3.2高錳酸鉀 8 2.3.3 臭氧 9 2.3.4 二氧化氯 13 2.4飲用水中消毒副產物 14 2.4.1 消毒副產物之生成 14 2.4.2 消毒副產物之危害 16 2.5 金門湖庫水質特性 17 第三章、實驗材料與方法 19 3.1 實驗規劃流程 19 3.2 實驗材料 19 3.2.1 實驗藻種 19 3.2.2 藻類培養液 19 3.3 實驗方法 20 3.3.1 純種藻類培養 20 3.3.2 藻類濃度估算 21 3.3.2.1葉綠素a分析 21 3.3.2.2藻類細胞計數 22 3.3.3 氧化劑製備 22 3.3.3.1 氯 22 3.3.3.2 高錳酸鉀配製及濃度標定 23 3.3.3.3 臭氧設備及濃度標定 23 3.3.3.4 二氧化氯 25 3.3.4 水樣前處理 25 3.3.5 氧化實驗 26 3.3.6 淨水程序模擬試驗 26 3.4 水質分析 27 3.4.1 非氣提性溶解有機碳(NPDOC) 27 3.4.2 氨氮(NH4+-N) 28 3.4.3 三鹵甲烷(THM)生成潛能 28 3.4.4 含鹵乙酸(HAA)生成潛能 31 第四章、結果與討論 34 4.1 前氧化劑對藻類細胞及其胞外物質NPDOC之影響 34 4.1.1 次氯酸鈉 34 4.1.2 高錳酸鉀 36 4.1.3 臭氧 37 4.1.4 二氧化氯 38 4.2 前氧化劑處理後對藻類細胞及其胞外物質消毒副產物形成比較 40 4.2.1 次氯酸鈉 40 4.2.2 高錳酸鉀 41 4.2.3 臭氧 43 4.2.4 二氧化氯 44 4.3 不同前氧化方式經淨水程序處理後消毒副產物之影響 45 4.3.1 三鹵甲烷生成潛能 45 4.3.2 含鹵乙酸生成潛能 49 4.4湖庫原水試驗 52 4.4.1 金門原水細胞及其胞外物質NPDOC變化情形 52 4.4.2 金門原水細胞內及胞外物質對消毒副產物之形成比較 55 4.4.3 不同氧化方式對淨水程序處理後消毒副產物之比較 61 4.5 不同時期之湖庫原水試驗 64 4.5.1 不同前氧化方式及各淨水流程處理後消毒副產物生成潛能之變化 64 4.5.1.1 藻類細胞部分 64 4.5.1.2 藻類細胞外物質部分 66 4.5.2 溴離子對消毒副產物生成潛能之影響 70 第五章、結論與建議 74 參考文獻 77 附 錄 81 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 比較不同前氧化方式處理優養化水體對消毒副產物生成之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Effects of preoxidation methods on DBPs formation in treatment of eutrophicated water | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡詩偉(Shih-Wei Tsai),陳家揚(Chia-Yang Chen) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 消毒副產物,銅綠微囊藻,氯,高錳酸鉀,臭氧,二氧化氯, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Disinfection by-products,Microcystis aeruginosa,Chlorine,Potassium permanganate,Ozone,Chlorine dioxide, | en |
dc.relation.page | 92 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-08-22 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境衛生研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-96-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 860.09 kB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。