犬髖關節囊之神經解剖分布調查

Abstract

研究目的－本實驗進行犬髖關節囊的神經解剖分布調查，期盼研究的結果有助於提供獸醫臨床上犬髖關節疾病治療及研究的參考。 實驗動物－共有十二個髖關節標本從六隻混種實驗犬屍體取得。實驗犬的體重介於十二至二十公斤之間，年齡均小於六歲。所有的犬隻都表現正常的步態與活動力，在進行安樂死之前也沒有被發現神經或是骨骼方面的異常。 實驗流程－依照人、犬、馬及其它動物的文獻內容，本研究選定了股神經（femoral nerve）、閉鎖神經（obturator nerve）、前臀神經（cranial gluteal nerve）、後臀神經（caudal gluteal nerve）和坐骨神經（sciatic nerve）進行調查，這五條神經都參與犬髖關節周圍肌肉的活動。實驗犬安樂死後，將取下的髖關節標本以10 %福馬林進行防腐處理。髖關節標本依照外側面及內側面，分別以手術顯微鏡進行細微神經分支走向的解剖調查。 研究結果與結論－實驗發現犬的髖關節囊分別由股神經、閉鎖神經、前臀神經和坐骨神經的分支進入到關節囊的腹側前方（cranioventral）、腹側後方（caudoventral）、外側前方（craniolateral）、及外側背方（dorsolateral），這些神經分支完整環繞著犬髖關節囊的四周。後臀神經沒有分布到犬髖關節囊的分支。本實驗的研究資料提供了未來犬髖關節疼痛分析及犬髖關節神經阻斷的參考。

Objective－To clarify the exact contributions of nerves supplying the canine hip joint capsule for clinical application. Animals－Cadavers of six healthy mongrel dogs. Procedures－The pelvises and hind limbs of canine cadavers were dissected and fixed in formaldehyde. Innervation of the joint capsule was investigated with the aid of an operative microscope. Results－The canine hip joint capsule was found to receive the articular nerve fibers of femoral, obturator, cranial gluteal and sciatic nerves from the cranioventral, caudoventral, craniolateral and dorsolateral directions, respectively. No branch originated from the caudal gluteal nerve was observed innervating the hip joint capsule. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance－The canine hip joint capsule is innervated by the articular branches of four nerves. The data in this report provides useful information for canine hip joint clinical researches including pain analysis with hip disorder and surgical nerve blockade to relieve hip pain.