國立傳統藝術中心委外經營之交易成本途徑分析

Abstract

本研究採用交易成本途徑分析，探討我國公共設施服務委外的運作模式，並以國立傳統藝術中心作為研究個案。從交易成本的角度，驗證公共設施服務委外採取契約委外模式時，如何透過制度安排與關係建立等兩方面的設計，將委託代理雙方的交易成本降到最低。 國立傳統藝術中心的運作模式係以契約委外的方式，委託民間經營管理。因此，本研究主要奠基於Williamson 之交易成本類型，探討國立傳統藝術中心委外經營過程中所涉及的交易成本，以及該交易成本如何影響委外經營之型態，和後續引發的代理問題與風險。主要的研究問題，包括：一、資產專用性如何影響傳藝中心朝向契約委外模式發展；二、從技術效應與代理效應的角度，印證傳藝中心委外決策，所引發的交易成本考量；三、探討委託單位與代理廠商的互動關係，如何使雙方的關係建立在一個低代理成本的運作模式。

Inspired by facts from the private participation in public facility and services delivery, this study applies transaction cost approach to explain many stylized facts of outsourcing. In this study, the conditions under which transaction cost issues resulting in project delivery are derived. Further, the circumstances under which outsourcing will not provide additional benefit, and what sorts of outsourcing mode choice are likely to provide the greatest benefit are detailed. Case study, the outsourcing of Nation Center for Traditional Arts uses operate-and-transfer (OT) for its governance mode choice. This study discusses the transaction cost involved in outsourcing process which includes three main issues：how asset specificity affects the mode choice of outsourcing, where are the transaction cost derived from, and how the government interacts with the franchiser. The franchiser in the case study incurs a cost of providing a comprehensive design of traditional arts operation, and is faced with a trade-off between providing incentives and reducing ex post transaction costs due to costly renegotiation with the government. Conclusions are drawn and extensions are proposed, related to economics and politics of transaction cost.