請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27392
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 宋家驥 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Jun Huang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 黃裕君 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-12T18:03:26Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-01-25 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2008-01-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2008 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2008-01-22 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] A. H. Harker and J. A. G. Temple, “Velocity and attenuation of ultrasound in suspensions of particles in fluids,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol. 42, pp. 1576-1588, 1988
[2] C. Austin James and E. Challis Richard, “Ultrasonic propagation through aqueous kaolin suspensions during degassing,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 37, pp. 299-302, 1999 [3] C. J. T. Sewell, “On the extinction of sound in a viscous atmosphere by small obstacles of cylindrical and spherical form,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Vol. A210, pp. 239-270, 1910 [4] P. S. Epstein, “Contributions to Applied Mechanics,” Thedore Von Karman Anniversary Volume, California Inst. Tech., pp. 162-188, 1941 [5] R. J. Urick, “The absorption of sound in suspensions of irregular particles,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 20, pp. 283-289, 1948 [6] P. S. Epstein and R. R. Carhart, “ The absorption of sound in suspensions and emulsions,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 25, pp. 553-565, 1953 [7] J. C. F. Chow, “ Attenuation of acoustic waves in dilute emulsions and suspensions,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 36, pp. 2395-2401, 1964 [8] G. K. Batchelor, “Transport properties of two-phase materials with random structure,” Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., Vol. 6, pp. 227-254, 1974 [9] G. Birkhoff, “Hydrodynamics, a study in logic, fact, and similitude,” Princeton University Press, 1950 [10] M. C. Davis, “Coal slurry diagnostics by ultrasound. transmission,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 64, pp. 406-425, 1978 [11] P. C. Waterman and R. Truell, “Multiple scattering of waves,” J. Math. Phys., Vol. 2, pp. 512-537, 1961 [12] R. H. Latiff and N. F. Fiore, “Ultrasonic attenuation and velocity in two-phase microstructures,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 57, pp. 1441-1447, 1975 [13] M. S. Greenwood, J. L. Mai and M. S. Good, “Attenuation measurements of ultrasound in a kaolin-water slurry: A linear dependence upon frequency,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 94, pp. 908-916, 1993 [14] M. J. W. Povey, “Particulate characterization by ultrasound,” Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Today, Vol. 3, pp. 373-380, 2000 [15] G. Guidarelli, F. Craciun, C. Galassi and E. Roncari, “Ultrasonic characterization of solid-liquid suspensions,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 36, pp. 467-470, 1998 [16] D. Parker, R. M. Lec, H. P. Pendse and J. F. Vetelino, “Ultrasonic sensor for the characterization of colloidal slurries,” Ultrasonics Symposium, pp.295-298, 1990 [17] Y. Wang and M. J. W. Povey, “A simple and rapid method for the determination of particle size in emulsions from ultrasound data,” Colloids and Surfaces B, Vol. 12, pp. 417-427, 1999 [18] G. Horvath-Szabo and H. Hoiland, “Compressibility determination of silica particles by ultrasound velocity and density measurement on their suspensions,” J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 177, pp. 568-578, 1996 [19] P. J. Coghill, M. J. Millen and B. D. Sowerby, “On-line measurement of particle size in mineral slurries,” Minerals Engineering, Vol. 15, pp. 83-90, 2002 [20] T. E. G. Alvarez-Arenas, L. E. Segura and E. R. Franco de Sarabia, “Characterization of suspensions of particles in water by an ultrasonic resonant cell,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 39, pp. 715-727, 2002 [21] P. Mougin, D. Wilkinson, K. J. Roberts, R. Jack and P. Kippax, “Sensitivity of particle sizing by ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy to material properties,” Powder Technology, Vol. 134, pp. 243-248, 2003 [22] A. B. Judith and M. S. Greenwood, “Using ultrasonic attenuation to monitor slurry mixing in real time,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 42, pp. 145-148, 2004 [23] K. Holmes Andrew, E. Challis Richard and J. Wedlock David, “A wide-bandwidth ultrasonic study of suspensions: the variation of velocity and attenuation with particle size,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 168, pp. 339-348, 1994 [24] V. J. Stakutis, R. W. Morse, M. Dill and T. Bever R., “Attenuation of ultrasound in aqueous suspensions,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 27, pp. 539-546, 1955 [25] C. Austin James and E. Challis Richard, “The effects of flocculation on the propagation of ultrasound in dilute kaolin slurries.” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 206, pp. 146-157, 1998 [26] A. B. Judith and M. S. Greenwood, “Measuring fluid and slurry density and solids concentration non-invasively,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 42, pp. 563-567, 2004 [27] C. Ratjika, N. Coupland John and D. Julian McClements, “Effect of temperature on the ultrasonic properties of oil-in-water emulsions,” Colloid and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 139, pp. 241-250, 1998 [28] C. Austin James and E. Challis Richard, “The detection of structural transformations in kaolin suspensions by ultrasound,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 220, pp. 6-12, 1999 [29] S. J. Kowalski, “Ultrasonic waves in diluted and densified suspensions,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 43, pp. 101-111, 2004 [30] F. Peters and L. Petit, “A broad band spectroscopy method for ultrasound wave velocity and attenuation measurement in dispersive media,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 41, pp. 357-363, 2003 [31] F. Babick, F. Hinze and S. Ripperger, “Dependence of ultrasonic attenuation on the material properties,” Colloids and Surfaces A, Vol. 172, pp. 33-46, 2000 [32] V. Rajendran, N. Palanivelu and B. K. Chaudhuri, “A device for the measurement of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in solid materials under different thermal conditions,” Measurement, Vol. 38, pp. 248-256, 2005 [33] A. Richter, F. Babick and M. Stintz, “Polydisperse particle size characterization by ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy in the micrometer range,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 44, pp. 483-490, 2006 [34] T. Tao, X. F. Peng and D. J. Lee, “Fragmentation of wastewater sludge floc by planar ice front,” J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 290, pp. 298-301, 2005 [35] J. R. Allegra and S. A. Hawley, “Attenuation of sound in suspensions and emulsions: theory and experiments,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 51, pp. 1545-1564, 1971 [36] D. J. McClements and M. J. W. Povey, “Scattering of ultrasound by emulsions,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol. 22, pp. 38-47, 1989 [37] D. J. McClements, “Comparison of multiple scattering theories with experimental measurements in emulsions,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 91, pp.849-853, 1992 [38] A. T. Dmitry, E. K. Oleg, P. S. Armen and N. S. Gari, “Ultrasonic approach to obtaining partial thermodynamic characteristics of solutions,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 33, pp. 301-310, 1995 [39] J. Carlson and P. E. Martinsson, “A simple scattering model for measuring particle mass fractions in multiphase flows,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 39, pp. 585-590, 2002 [40] V. J. Pinfeild, E. Dickinson and M. J. Povey, “Modeling of concentration profiles and ultrasound velocity profiles in a creaming emulsion: Importance of scattering effects,” J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 166, pp. 363-374, 1994 [41] G. N. Bobrovnikov, B. M. Novozilov and V. G. Serafanov, “Non-contact Flow-Meter,” Plenum Publishing Corporation, 1985 [42] V. K. Hamidullin, “Ultrasonic control and measurement equipments and systems,” St Petersburg University, 1989 [43] V. Magori, “Ultrasonic sensors in air Proc.,” IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symp., pp. 471-481, 1994 [44] M. L. Sanderson and J. Hemp, “Ultrasonic flowmeters – a review of the state of the art Proc.,” Conf. on Advances in Flow Measurement Techniques, September, pp. 157-178, 1981 [45] R. Renaldas, “Investigation of the flow velocity profile in a metering section of an invasive ultrasonic flowmeter,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 17, pp. 201-206, 2006 [46] L. C. Lynnworth and Y. Liu, “Ultrasonic flowmeters: Half-century progress report 1955-2005,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 44, pp. 1371-1378, 2006 [47] J. Appel, A. Bruere, F. Dunand and E. Haziza, “Microcomputer-controlled measurement systems application to flow measurements and to spectrometry,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 28, pp. 263-268, 1979 [48] G. W. C. Kaye and T. H. Laby, “Tables of physical constants,” London: Lonemans, 1968 [49] F. Nobel, “Pulsed-laser time-of-flight atom-probe field ion microscope,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 39,pp. 1327-1345, 1968 [50] V. Stojanovic, V. M. Pavlovic and M. K. Stojcev, “Application of digital phase lock loop in systems,” Measuring and Measurement Equipment, Vol. 1, pp. 259-274,1986 [51] J. Delsing, “Ultrasonic gas-flow meter with corrections for large dynamic metering range,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 27, pp. 349-356, 1989 [52] A. H. Muston and W. R. Loosemore, Patten Application 15554/72, 1972 [53] C. A. Watson, “Flow Measurement of Liquids,” The 2nd Conference of Ultrasonic Flowmeters, pp. 571-595, 1978 [54] H. Suzuki, “Ultrasonic method of flow measurement in large conduits and open channels,” Modern Developments in Flow Measurement, pp. 115-138, 1972 [55] P. J. O’Higgins, “Basic Instrumentation, Industrial Measurement”, Mcgraw-Hill, 1966 [56] S. L. Soo, “Fluid Dynamics of Multiphase Systems,” Blaisdell Publishing Co., 1967 [57] R. C. Mecredy and L. J. Hamilton, “The effects of nonequilibrium heat, mass and momentum transfer on two-phase sound speed,” Int. J. Heat Mass Trans., Vol. 15, pp. 61-72, 1972 [58] C. M. Tchen, “Mean value and correlation problems connected with the motion of small particles suspended in a turbulent fluid,” PhD Thesis University of Delft, 1947 [59] J. O. Hinze, “Turbulence,” second edtion, 1975 [60] A. B. Basset, “On the motion of a sphere in a viscous liquid,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Vol. 179, pp. 43-63, 1888 [61] R. C. Mecredy, J.M. Wigdortz and L. J. Hamilton, “Prediction and measurement of acoustic wave propagation in two-phase media,” Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc., Vol. 13, pp. 672-673, 1970 [62] G. G. Stokes, “On the effect of the internal friction of fluids on the motion of pendulums,” Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc., Vol. 9, pp. 8-106, 1851 [63] A. Einstein,” A new electrostatic method for the measurement of small quantities of electricity,” Ann. Phys., Vol. 19, pp. 289-315, 1906 [64] V. Vand, “Viscosity of solutions and suspensions,” Journal of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Vol. 52, pp. 277-299, 1948 [65] R. Simha, “Methods of x-ray and neutron scattering in polymer science,” Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Vol. 42, pp. 409-429, 1949 [66] S. G. Weissberg, R. Simha and S. Rothman, “Viscosity of dilute and moderately concentrated polymer solutions,” Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Vol. 47, pp. 298-314, 1951 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27392 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 懸浮顆粒溶液系統被廣泛地使用在水文學,生物,化學,以及食品工業等。而超音波量測是一種快速、非侵入和即時線上作業的測量技術,可對大範圍的濃度及懸浮顆粒的粒徑系統達成特性描述。本篇文章提提出了一種國人自製,經由聲波訊號在液體中發射、傳遞、接收的過程,可以同時量測溶液濃度及水流速度的新式的量測系統。我們在實驗室中進行了一系列高嶺土及石門水庫庫底土樣,在大的濃度範圍 (0 ~ 300,000ppm)和不同的溫度(5~ 25˚C)下的超音波衰減特性量測。結果顯示,濃度、顆粒的粒徑和溫度為衰減的變化為主要的影響因素。根據這些實驗的校準數據資料庫,我們建立了兩種土樣的溫度、衰減和濃度的資料庫,可以提供未來量測使用。
這篇論文的目標在於全部由國人設計並製造一套能在高濃度範圍下,量測濃度及水流速度的量測系統。其中包含了設計並製造超音波發射接收的探頭以、系統電路以及資料儲存等部份,而且能符合台灣特殊的水文環境條件。最後完成了能在水下100公尺執行量測任務的攜帶浸水式系統,和能抽取不同水下深度水樣的固定式量測系統。 利用螺槳式流速計和傳統的抽取烘乾方式,分別用來驗證量測系統的準確性。經過驗證後,在濃度量測及水流流速量測功能上,個別的誤差值分別都在5%和2%之內。我們用固定式和攜帶浸水式的超音波的量測系統,在幾個颱風期間,成功的用來即時監控石門水庫庫區內水中的泥沙濃度及水流速度。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Multiphase suspension systems are extensively used in hydrology, biochemistry, and the food industry. Ultrasonic spectroscopy is a rapid, on-line, non-invasive measurement technique for suspension characterization of different particle sizes and wide-ranging concentrations. This study presents the design and fabrication of a novel experimental system to simultaneously measure the sediment concentration and flow velocity of ultrasound wave propagation in liquid at different temperatures. Experimental validation in a laboratory environment provides a series of measurement results for kaolin ultrasonic attenuation under a wide range of concentration (0 ~ 300,000ppm) and various temperatures (5 ~ 25oC). This study also investigates the ultrasonic attenuation measurement of sediment sampled from the Shihmen reservoir in Taiwan. Results show that ultrasonic attenuation variations are driven by concentration, particle size, and temperature. The established regressed functions quantitatively convert the attenuation to kaolin concentration and the Shihmen reservoir sample with given temperature which is used for system calculation.
The purpose of this study is to design and manufacture a real-time monitoring system for measuring flow velocity and concentration under a wide concentration range. This includes designing and manufacturing an ultrasonic transducer, electric transmit and receive circuit, and data log which are suitable for the special environmental conditions of Taiwan. The proposed system successfully integrates these components into a portable unit which can operate under water up to 100 meters deep and a fixed chamber unit which is able to draw water from various depths. We verify the function of flowmeter via propeller type flowmeter and verify the function of concentration via extractive methods. These experiments demonstrate that the total error of full scale concentration and the error of the flowmeter are 5% and 2%, respectively. The fixed chamber type and portable type ultrasonic measurement system took successful measurements in the Shihmen reservoir during several typhoons. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-12T18:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-97-D92525007-1.pdf: 6232022 bytes, checksum: 5b98513ed6997d8e25b51491c6808b33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 3
摘要 4 Abstract 6 Chapter 1 Introduction 8 1.1 Research Motivation 8 1.2 Literature Review 11 1.3 Dissertation Contents 15 Chapter 2 Theory 17 2.1 Couple phase model 17 2.1.1 Continuity equations 17 2.1.2 Momentum transfer 19 2.1.3 Compressibility 21 2.1.4 Solution 22 2.1.5 Effective sediment viscosity 24 2.1.6 Effects of polydispersity 27 2.2 Calculation of flow velocity 29 Chapter 3 Measurement System and Experiment 31 3.1 Transducer 31 3.1.1 The Piezoelectric Effect 32 3.1.2 General Description of Piezoelectric Transducers 32 3.2 Circuit 41 3.2.1 Energizing Transmitters 41 3.2.2 Detecting the Received Signal 42 3.3 Experiment 49 3.3.1 Sediment Samples 49 3.3.2 Experimental Set-up 50 3.3.3 Experimental Procedure 53 Chapter 4 Result and Discussion 56 4.1 Calibration data and theoretical calculation result 56 4.1.1 Calibration data 56 4.1.2 Theoretical calculation result 78 4.2 Specification of measurement system 86 4.2.1 Portable type measurement system 86 4.2.2 Chamber type measurement system 87 4.3 Self-confirmation in laboratory 89 4.3.1 Self-confirmation for concentration measurement 89 4.3.2 Self-confirmation for flow velocity measurement 92 4.4 Field measurement 94 Chapter 5 Conclusion 102 Reference 103 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 超音波懸浮泥沙溶液濃度及流速量測:以高嶺土及水庫土樣為實驗驗證之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Ultrasonic measurement for suspended sediment concentrations and flow velocity: An experimental validation of the approach using kaolin suspensions and reservoir sediments | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 96-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳琪芳,鄭建華,郭振華,賴進松,羅如燕 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 超音波量測,濃度量測,溫度效應,高嶺土, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Ultrasonic measurement,concentration,temperature effect,kaolin, | en |
dc.relation.page | 112 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2008-01-23 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 工程科學及海洋工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 工程科學及海洋工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-97-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 6.09 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。