雙成份界面活性劑加水之黏度與密度量測

Abstract

此篇論文的研究對象是非離子型界面活劑polyoxyethene glycol monoethers, CiH2i+1O(CH2CH2O)jH的C4H9O(CH2CH2O)H (C4E1)和C4H9O(CH2CH2O)2H (C4E2)。這種CiEj的結構是由一個恐水的碳氫長鏈，接在一個親水的polyoxyethene長鏈所組成，當此界面活性劑溶在水中，會因為親水與疏水分子之間的交互作用而形成微胞，造成溶液性質的改變。此論文研究當C4E1和C4E2水溶液在283.15,、293.15、303.15、313.15和323.15K時的密度、黏度，觀察此雙成份系統的性質在從C4Ej莫耳分率為零到一的過程中有什麼改變及趨勢，特別是在臨界微胞濃度(c.m.c.)附近時的改變。結果發現當微胞開始在溶液中形成時，密度和黏度都有相對應的改變。且溫度越低時，溶液性質受到微胞影響的情形就越明顯。C4E1和C4E2系統大致上密度與黏度的走向相似，唯C4E2在極稀薄濃度時，密度會先隨著界面活性劑濃度增加而稍微升高，之後才開始隨著濃度增加而持續降低，此屬於C4E2特有的現象還有待研究C4E2的微結構之後，再進行解釋。

Two of the homologous surfactant series of polyoxyethene glycol monoethers, CiH2i+1O(CH2CH2O)jH (abbreviated by CiEj hereafter), C4E1 and C4E2 are studied in this paper. The aqueous solutions of this homologous group, which are consisted of a hydrophobic linear saturated hydrocarbon chain linked to a hydrophilic polyoxyethene chain, form micelles due to the hydrophobic interactions. Density, viscosity, excess viscosity and excess molar volume of the solution are investigated at 283.15, 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15K, especially in the vicinity of the critical micellization concentration (c.m.c.). It is observed that density and viscosity have undergone a telling change when micelles start to form in the solution. And the change corresponds in different qualities. At higher temperature the influence of the activities in the mixture is less significant. The C4E1 and C4E2 system generally have similar tendencies, except for the density in a very dilute C4E2 system.