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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 劉家瑄 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chih-Chin Tsai | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 蔡志勤 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T07:01:16Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2009-05-12 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2009-04-30 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Aki, K., and P. G. Richards, 1980, Quantitative seismology: Theory and Methods: W. H. Freeman.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/26143 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在台灣西南海域所蒐集到的震測資料發現有廣泛分佈的海底仿擬反射(BSR)，顯示蘊藏豐富之天然氣水合物與游離氣，一旦未來天然氣水合物的開發技術成熟，極可能成為我國主要的能源來源。因此對台灣西南海域天然氣水合物的潛能評估，是需要積極進行的工作。
本研究將地層中出現天然氣水合物地球物理特徵之區域，利用震波速度與振幅隨支距(AVO)分析技術進行其飽和度之估算。由於震波速度對於飽和度之估算極具重要性，因此，獲得正確的震波速度資訊為瞭解沈積物特性之關鍵。為了提升速度計算之精確性，我們利用疊前深度移位技術與疊代移位速度分析方法，在台灣西南外海出現BSRs訊號處，分析所蒐集到之長支距反射資料。研究結果顯示在封閉構造上之BSR處，其上下層速度異常值變化非常大，主要由於其上方蘊藏天然氣水合物造成地層速度值增加，其值增加至1750-2000公尺/秒之範圍，主要分佈在1900公尺/秒附近，相對地，下方由於出現游離氣之分佈使得速度值明顯下降，形成低速帶。此外，由於BSR下方分佈游離氣，造成P波速度與泊松比較上覆沈積物低，AVO屬性分析結果顯示台灣西南外海之BSR屬於第三類型沈積界面(Class-3)，亦即天然氣水合物與游離氣分別存在於BSR之上、下地層中。在飽和度分析中，地層中速度異常值明顯處，其天然氣水合物之飽和度可高達30 %。藉由本研究之成果可提供台灣西南海域天然氣水合物在空間分佈與性質研究上相當寶貴之經驗與資訊，對未來鑽井之井位選擇亦有所助益。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Marine seismic reflection data collected from offshore southwestern Taiwan show that prominent seismic bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) are presented that indicate the existence of gas hydrate in the seafloor sediment with free gas zone underneath. It is of great interest to estimate the energy resource potential of the gas hydrate in this region. This study intends to derive accurate velocity values and performed amplitude versus offset analysis techniques to estimate the gas hydrate and free gas saturations in the sub-strata where gas hydrate present. The saturation estimates are extremely sensitive to the input velocity values, therefore, accurate velocity determination is crucial for correct reservoir characterization. In order to obtain good velocity values, we apply pre-stack depth migration method to analyze large-offset seismic reflection data where prominent BSRs are observed through the use of iterative migration velocity analysis (residual moveout method). The resultant interval velocity model shows large lateral velocity variations in the hydrate layer and low velocity zones associated with free gas at the location of structural traps. Velocity structures derived from pre-stack depth migration show that the hydrate-bearing sediments generally have velocity ranges from 1750 to 2000 m/s, with most values around 1900 m/s. Low velocity zones observed beneath the gas hydrate bearing sediments clearly indicate the presence of free gas below. For the case of gas-saturated sediment below the methane hydrate layer, Poisson’s ratio and P-wave velocity of the gas-saturated sediment should be lower than the methane hydrate layer, producing Class-3 AVO response. All the seismic characters described above suggest that a gas hydrate layer exists together with a free gas layer below it along strong BSRs in the area offshore southwestern Taiwan, and the saturation of gas hydrate could reach 30% where velocity anomalies are high. In study areas where no well data are available and lithologic heterogeneities are poorly understood, implementing a seismic-based technique like the one presented here can provide valuable pre-drill information for site selection and for planning future characterization studies of gas hydrate-bearing sediments. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T07:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-F90241304-1.pdf: 9869352 bytes, checksum: 8d7ef6d4f3beb8383314afa348805b67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
致謝 I 摘要 II 英文摘要 IV 目錄 V 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 XIII 第一章 前言 1 1.1 天然氣水合物 3 1.2 海底仿擬反射 6 1.2.1 BSR形成機制與其物理性質 6 1.3 研究動機與目的 11 第二章 震測資料處理與分析 17 2.1 研究區域背景 17 2.1.1 地質背景 17 2.1.2 台灣西南海域天然氣水合物研究之回顧 18 2.2 資料收集與處理 23 2.3 速度分析 25 2.3.1 疊代移位速度分析處理技術 27 2.3.2 Kirchhoff疊前移位深度處理 31 2.3.3 資料處理 32 2.3.4 速度剖面 34 2.3.4.1 EW9509-33測線 34 2.3.4.2 EW9509-35測線 35 2.3.4.3 EW9509-46測線 36 第三章 振幅隨支距變化之分析 53 3.1 AVO處理 55 3.1.1. 幾何擴散修正 55 3.1.2. 聲源與接收器陣列之方向性修正 55 3.1.3. 反射係數 55 3.2 振幅隨支距變化之反射率 56 3.2.1. Koefoed定則與含氣砂岩屬性之分類 60 3.2.2. BSR之AVO特徵 62 3.2.3. AVO屬性分析 64 3.2.3.1. EW9509-33測線 65 3.2.3.2. EW9509-35測線 68 3.2.3.3. EW9509-46測線 69 第四章 天然氣水合物蘊藏量之估算 87 4.1 含天然氣水合物與游離氣之岩石物理模型 89 4.1.1 Wood equation岩石物理模型 92 4.1.2 Weighted equation岩石物理模型 93 4.1.2.1 P波波速與彈性係數間之關係： 94 4.1.2.2 S波與彈性係數間之關係： 94 4.1.3 Effective medium model岩石物理模型 95 4.1.2.1 模型一：天然氣水合物成為沈積物中孔隙水的一部份 96 4.1.2.2 模型二：天然氣水合物成為沈積物框架的一部份 97 4.1.2.3 模型三：天然氣水合物膠結在顆粒之間 98 4.1.4 含游離氣之岩石物理性質 100 4.2 利用反射係數推估天然氣水合物的濃度 102 4.3 利用速度的資訊推估天然氣水合物的飽和度 106 4.3.1. 台灣西南外海速度資訊與天然氣水合物飽和度之關係 106 4.4 台灣西南外海天然氣水合物儲量的估算 111 第五章 結果與討論 132 參考文獻 143 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 反射震測資料之震波速度與震幅-支距分析推估台灣西南海域地層中天然氣水合物之潛能 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Seismic velocity and amplitude versus offset analyses to estimate gas-hydrate resource potential offshore SW Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 史菲力 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 徐春田,戚務正,鄭文彬,宣大衡,王詠絢,王天楷,陳浩維 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 天然氣水合物,震波速度,震幅-支距分析,反射震測,海底仿擬反射, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | gas hydrate,seismic velocity,amplitude versus offset,reflection seismic,Bottom Simulating Reflector, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 155 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2009-05-01 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 海洋研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 海洋研究所 | |
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