中國大陸電信競爭法制之研究

Abstract

在電信自由化的浪潮下，世界各國的電信業均實施了從獨占到競爭的變革，中國大陸也不例外。然而中國大陸電信業自90年代開始引入市場競爭機制後，檯面上的幾家基礎電信業者卻仍是不折不扣的國有企業，基礎電信市場是否已充分競爭，備受各界質疑。在這樣的背景下，中國大陸法制對於電信競爭是否已有相關規範？規範內容為何？實務上是否確實具有規範效果？值得加以研究。 本研究首先探討中國大陸電信競爭之建立與發展，在充分瞭解電信業的政治、經濟背景及當前競爭態勢之後，再就其電信競爭法制進行規範分析及實務分析，規範分析分別就電信法制、競爭法制及兩者間規範競合進行研析，實務分析則選擇了市場准入、非對稱管制及反競爭行為管制三個主題進行檢討，最後評估電信競爭法制有無缺失或不完足之處，未來之改革方向與困難何在，並提出結論。

Under the telecommunication liberalization trend, many countries all over the world had reformed their telecommunications industry from a monopoly structure to a competition-oriented market, and China is no exception. However, even though China started introducing the market competition mechanism to its telecommunications industry in 1990s, its public known basic telecommunications companies are remain all state-owned, leaving a question that if the basic telecommunications market in China has been in sufficient competition. Given the situation, the study would like to explore certain issues: has the Chinese legal system tried to regulate its telecommunication competition? What are the regulations? Could those regulations effectively perform in practice? Following the issues, the study starts by discussing the establishment and development of telecommunication competition in China, and then does a normative analysis and a practice analysis of legal regulation on telecommunication competition based on the current competitive situation and political and economic background of Chinese telecommunications industry. The normative analysis aims to analyze the telecommunications regulations, competition regulations and the legal relationship of both, while the practice analysis focuses on discussing three topics of market access, asymmetric regulation, and the anti-competitive practices regulation. In the final part, the study discusses the pros and cons of legal regulation on telecommunication competition and the possible direction and challenges of the future reformation, and then proposes conclusions.