利用混合式儲能裝置提升獨立型太陽電池發電系統之充電性能研究

Abstract

本研究旨在利用超級電容-鉛酸電池混合式儲能裝置來改善獨立型太陽電池發電系統之充電性能，內容包含動態模型系統識別、戶外比對實測分析、系統性能模擬分析和最佳系統匹配設計。 本研究藉由系統識別求得混合式儲能裝置之動態模型，分析系統實際操作的性能，可以發現並聯較大法拉數的超級電容之混合式儲能裝置在動態操作時有較低阻抗，故有提升發電量效果。 本研究利用戶外比對實測，證明並聯超級電容有提升發電量效果，且並聯連較大法拉數的超級電容其提升發電量較大。由長期連續測試結果可以發現當日輻射量≥10MJ/m^2時，並聯超級電容之混合式儲能裝置才有提升效果，在此天氣狀態下並聯25F、58F、288F 超級電容分別平均提升為1.5%、12.2%、19.0%的日發電量。 本研究利用各元件的操作特性來發展系統模擬軟體，並由實測數據驗證其精準度。 最後本研究利用系統模擬軟體，進行系統匹配設計分析及經濟效益分析。發現有最加效益為並聯70F超級電容，由於超級電容仍昂貴，所以目前尚不符合經濟效益。

The research focuses on improving charge performance of stand-alone solar PV power generation system by using supercapacitor(SC)-battery hybrid energy storage system. The study includes four parts. First, discuss difference between linear disturbance dynamics models of hybrid energy storage systems. Second, carry out outdoor field test. Third, simulate property of the systems. Fourth, analyze how to design the best system. We discuss difference between linear disturbance dynamics models of hybrid energy storage systems. The results show that impedance of the system with larger farad SC is lower in dynamic. So combining lead-acid battery with SC in parallel would improve PV power generation. After long-term comparative test, daily data shows that the system with SC increase power generation and the system with larger SC increase more power generation. Long-term data shows that the system with SC can increase power generation if solar irradiation is greater than 10 MJ/m^2day and with 25F、58F and 288F supercapacitor can average increase the daily power generation by 1.5%、12.2%、19.0% at solar irradiation >10 MJ/m^2. The elements of system were simulated by subsystem then comparisons of simulated and data of outdoor field test is similar. Finally, we analyze how to design the best system by using simulation. The result shows 70F SC is best for the system. Because supercapacitor is still expensive, we have to continue to study how to enhancing cost/performance ratio of super-capacitors.