訊息轉傳機制應用於N-Fi系統及無線隨意網路之研究

Abstract

政府近年來積極推動發展車載資通訊(Telematics)產業，其車載資通訊系統之建立除可大量減少基礎建設支出之外，並可使用路人獲得更即時之交通資訊。在車載資通訊發展技術當中，車間通訊(Inter-Vehicle Communication, IVC ; Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication, V2V)技術儼然成為各國交通中ITS所熱門探討的主流議題之一。 車用隨意網路(Vehicle Ad-Hoc Network, VANET)可被視為行動隨意網路(Mobile Ad-Hoc Network, MANET)在交通路網中的特殊形式，透過整合隨意網路(Ad-hoc Network)及無線區域網路(WLAN)，無線隨意網路(Wireless Ad-Hoc Network)可實現智慧型車間通訊並進而提升道路交通的安全與效率。 本研究以近場資訊系統(Near Field Informatics System, N-Fi)及多點訊息轉傳(multi-hop transmission)的概念應用於無線隨意網路中，並利用IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee傳輸技術配合建立一套屬於人、車、路系統的無線隨意網路平台。本研究透過建立路由傳播模型，在廣播(BroadCast)及單指式(Uni-Cast)的傳輸模式下將優於現有的交通即時無線廣播系統、並可實現因應個人需求(Information On-Demand)所須有的資料雙向交換功能，此外，本研究所提出之S.R.D Routing Protocol訊息轉傳機制可初步被驗證應用於交通資訊發佈系統中。 本研究之資訊發佈者將不限於交控、交管中心，一般用路人於遭遇緊急危難時亦可發佈資訊，並將其資訊配合轉傳予以擴大通知至其他用路人減少二次災害發生。N-Fi系統平台之建立配合轉傳機制之設計於未來應用上將可電子化輔助用路人於車內不受天氣狀況影響即可獲取交通資訊。

The government has been actively promoting the development of Telematics industry. The establishment of Telematics system can not only reduce the cost spending of infrastructure engineering, but also help travelers get much more real-time traffic information. The communication technology between vehicles called “Inter-Vehicle Communication, IVC” or “Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication, V2V” has become one of the hot issues while every country is eager to develop it. VANET (Vehicle Ad-Hoc Network) can be considered as MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) in the traffic network. Through the integration of ad-hoc network and wireless local area network (WLAN), wireless ad hoc network enables intelligent communication and further enhances road traffic safety and efficiency. In this study, we merge the N-Fi (Near Field Informatics) systems and the concept of multi-hop transmission to build a wireless ad-hoc network. Moreover, by implementing IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee communication technology to establish a platform which belongs to people, vehicles, and road systems for wireless ad-hoc network. The propagation models of “BroadCast” and “Uni-Cast” transmission mode can better be implemented than existing wireless traffic broadcasting systems. It can be basically achieved for real-time transmission to fulfill personal IOD (Information On-Demand) services. In addition, after validating the proposed multi-hop mechanism of S.R.D routing protocol, it can be used in the preliminary traffic information dissemination system. Actually, the information released will not only be limited to traffic control or traffic management center, the general road users can also use while in imminent danger and disseminate the information to its neighbor users with the notice to reduce secondary disasters. N-Fi system platform with the establishment of mechanisms of multi-hop transmission will be available in future applications like putting the changeable message sign just in the car to get real-time information regardless of the weather conditions.