利用同心環形菱鏡陣列來建構太陽能集光器的設計與模擬

Abstract

本論文在第一章中會先介紹有關半導體的基礎知識，包含PN接面和太陽能電池的原理與效率的計算。當高效率的太陽能電池慢慢萌芽後，高效率的代價就需要較高的成本，而為了把較大面積的光能量可以收集較小面積的的太陽電池上，就是我們的軸心-太陽能集光器，之後再介紹各種形式的太陽能集光器和應用。 在第二章中會介紹光學的基本原理和電磁理論，如惠更斯原理和斯乃爾定律的推導。然後更進一步的推導出TE波和TM波的反射率公式，最後還會介紹抗反射膜之設計。 在第三章中會介紹本論文的主軸，利用環形菱鏡陣列來建構一太陽能集光器， 在我們會利用FRED光學追跡軟體來模擬此集光器的效率和其接收角度的關係。當環形菱鏡陣列單獨作為一太陽能集光器，其幾何集光比為93倍，且集光效率達90﹪。若是搭配NA值為0.086的Fresnel lens當作第一級太陽能集光器，則其光學集光比為837倍，集光效率達92﹪。

In the first chapter of this thesis will introduce the basis of semiconductors, including the PN junction, principle of solar cells and efficiency calculations. When the high efficiency of solar cells sprout slowly, after the cost of high efficiency would require higher costs, and in order to bring a large area of light energy can be collected on a smaller area of the solar cell, which is our focus - Solar Concentrator, it will then introducing the various forms of solar concentrator and applications. In the second chapter will introduce the basis principles of optics and electromagnetic theory, such as the Huygens principle and the derivation of Snell’s Rule. And then further derive the TE wave and TM wave reflectivity formula, and finally will be introduced how to design the AR coating film. In the third chapter will introduce the main theme of this thesis, using circular prisms array to construct a solar concentrator, as we will make use of FRED optical-tracing software to simulate the efficiency of this concentrator and its receiving angle relationship. The geometric concentration ratio of the disk-like module alone is 93 with a high efficiency of 90%, and the overall geometric concentration ratio of a combination of a Fresnel lens with NA value of 0.086 and our device can be as high as 837 with an efficiency of 92%.